1. Make good earthquake predictions.

There are warning signs before earthquakes. The omens we now know are: the groundwater becomes muddy, turbulent, bubbling, and smells bad; chickens, ducks, pigs and sheep run around and scream; rats escape, and fish jump around on the water surface. This situation indicates that the earth's crust will bend, wrinkle and break, and an earthquake will occur. At present, it is difficult for any country in the world to accurately predict earthquakes. my country's earthquake prediction can be said to be in a leading position in the world. Most earthquake forecasts can indicate that an earthquake is likely to occur in a certain area within a certain period of time. In 1976, before the Tangshan earthquake, an earthquake of magnitude 6 or above occurred in the Haicheng area of ??Liaoning Province. Before the earthquake, the government repeatedly urged all people indoors to be placed in earthquake sheds and repeatedly preached earthquake awareness, resulting in casualties. Numbers were reduced to a minimum. Therefore, the key to preventing earthquakes lies in timely forecasting, adequate preparation, and mastering the knowledge of earthquake rescue.

2. Develop a home earthquake prevention plan.

Once an earthquake occurs, our power supply, water supply, heating system, transportation system, daily necessities supply system, information system, and medical and health system may be damaged to some extent, affecting people's lives. Normal life, therefore, we should develop a home earthquake prevention plan.

First of all, remove hanging objects from high places in the room, items placed vertically on cabinets and wooden shelves, and change their placement and placement to make them less likely to knock over and injure people. At the same time, all flammable and explosive items must be removed. The bed should be moved farther away from the glass window. Put anti-shatter strips on the windows. Keep your shock gear bag somewhere easily accessible. To get out of danger, you may only have time to grab one item. Urgent items are among them, which will help you get through the difficulties. These items include cash, drinking water, and medicines to prevent influenza and dysentery.

3. Schools should be prepared for earthquakes.

Earthquake prevention knowledge should be popularized in primary and secondary schools. Schools in earthquake areas should have earthquake prevention training plans. If an earthquake occurs during class, teachers should immediately give students a simple and clear instruction to close their eyes on the spot. Bend under the desk. An earthquake may occur in an area within a certain period of time. Families and schools should communicate frequently. Qualified schools in earthquake areas should prepare disaster relief items, such as first-aid medical supplies, cold and rainproof supplies, tools, etc., and distribute them according to classes or classrooms until they are in the hands of individuals.

How to protect yourself if an earthquake occurs?

Once an earthquake occurs, if you are outside, do not get close to buildings, chimneys, telephone poles or any other tall buildings or trees that may collapse. It is safer to leave bridges and overpasses and go to open fields. . Although earthquakes are natural disasters that cause casualties, they are not unpreventable. If you can seize the opportunity and use earthquake prevention knowledge, you can protect yourself. For example, you can observe the abnormal restlessness of birds and animals before an earthquake occurs; squatting under a table when an earthquake occurs can reduce the damage caused by the earthquake. It can be seen that learning earthquake knowledge is very important.

Strong earthquakes often cause house collapse, embankment breaches, ground cracks, etc., causing losses to people's lives and property. In order to protect yourself when an earthquake occurs, you should master the following emergency survival methods.

1． If an earthquake suddenly occurs in a bungalow, you should quickly get under the bed or table, and protect your head with bedding, pillows, washbasins, etc. Wait until there is a break in the earthquake before leaving the house as soon as possible and move to a safe place. If a house collapses during an earthquake, you should stay under the bed or table and do not move. Wait until the earthquake stops before escaping outside or waiting for rescue.

2． If you live in a building and an earthquake occurs, don't try to run out of the building because you won't have enough time. The safest and most effective way is to hide in the smallest room between two load-bearing walls in time, such as the toilet, kitchen, etc. You can also hide under tables, cabinets and other furniture and in corners inside the room, and pay attention to protecting your head. Never take shelter on balconies or windows.

3． If an earthquake occurs during class, do not panic, let alone run around in the classroom or rush out. Students close to the door can quickly run out of the door. Students in the middle and back rows can hide under their desks as quickly as possible and use their schoolbags to protect their heads. Students leaning against the wall should stay close to the wall and protect their heads with both hands.

4. If you have already left the room, do not go back to get your things as soon as the earthquake stops. Because after the first earthquake, there will be aftershocks, which will pose a greater threat to people.

5. If an earthquake occurs in a public place, do not panic and run away. You can adapt to the situation and hide in a nearby safer place, such as under the desk, under the stage, or in the orchestra pit.

6． If you are on the street, you must not run into a building to avoid danger. Don't stay in dangerous places such as under tall buildings, billboards, narrow alleys, or bridgeheads.

7. If you are buried in a building after an earthquake, you should first try to remove objects above the abdomen; cover your mouth and nose with towels and clothes to prevent suffocation from smoke and dust; pay attention to conserving your strength, try to find food and water, create living conditions, and wait rescue.

1. Don’t be impatient when a major earthquake occurs. A destructive earthquake lasts only 12 seconds on average from when people feel the vibration to when buildings are damaged. During this short period of time, you should make quick decisions to ensure safety based on the environment you are in.

If you live in a bungalow, you can quickly run out the door. If you live in a building, do not jump off the building. You should immediately cut off the electric switch, turn off the gas, and temporarily evacuate to a small span such as the bathroom, or under a table, bed, etc., and evacuate quickly after the earthquake to prevent strong aftershocks.

2. When there are many people, find a hiding place first. If you encounter an earthquake in places such as schools, shops, theaters and other places where people gather, you should avoid panic. You should hide under desks, chairs or solid objects immediately, and wait for the earthquake to pass before evacuating in an orderly manner.

3. Stay away from danger areas. If you encounter an earthquake on the street, protect your head with your hands and quickly move away from the building to the center of the street. If you encounter an earthquake in the countryside, be careful to stay away from cliffs, steep slopes, river banks and high-voltage lines. Moving cars and trains must stop immediately.

4. You must conserve your physical strength when being buried. If you are unfortunately buried under rubble after an earthquake, try to stay calm and try to save yourself. When you are unable to escape, you must conserve your strength, try your best to find water and food, create living conditions, and wait patiently for rescue.

5. Keep your mobile phone and sufficient batteries nearby for backup.

Principles of emergency protection during earthquakes

Taking shelter nearby during an earthquake and quickly evacuating to a safe place after an earthquake are better methods of emergency protection. The so-called avoidance is to make different countermeasures according to different situations according to local conditions.

How do school personnel avoid earthquakes?

In schools, what is most needed during an earthquake is the calmness and decisiveness of school leaders and teachers. In areas with medium- and long-term earthquake forecasts, it is necessary to combine teaching activities to teach students about earthquakes and earthquake prevention and avoidance knowledge. Before the earthquake, routes and venues for student transfer and evacuation should be arranged; after the earthquake, students should be calmly directed to evacuate in an orderly manner. In relatively sturdy and safe buildings, students who can hide under desks, beside podiums, or in teaching buildings can go to rooms with small openings and supported by pipes. Students must not be allowed to run around or jump off the building.

How to avoid shock when walking on the street during an earthquake?

When an earthquake occurs, glass fragments from high-rise buildings and concrete fragments from the outside of the building, as well as advertising signs, tinplates, neon light stands, etc., may fall and injure people. Therefore, it is best to be careful when walking on the street. It is best to put a bag or soft object around you on your head. When there is nothing, you can also use your hands to protect your head. Be as prepared for self-defense as possible. Be calm and quickly leave the telephone poles and walls and run to a more open area. Area avoidance.

How do workshop workers avoid shocks?

Workshop workers can hide under cars, machine tools and larger equipment, and are not allowed to run around in panic. Workers in special positions must first turn off flammable and easily accessible equipment. Explosive and toxic gas valves, promptly reduce the temperature and pressure of high-temperature and high-pressure pipelines, and shut down operating equipment. Most personnel can evacuate the work site. Under the premise of safety protection, a small number of personnel remain on site to monitor dangers at any time, deal with possible accidents in a timely manner, and prevent secondary disasters.

How should driving vehicles respond when an earthquake occurs?

(1) Drivers should slow down as soon as possible and brake gradually;

(2) Passengers (especially on trains) should firmly hold handles, pillars or seats, etc., and Pay attention to prevent luggage from falling from the rack and injuring people. People who are facing the direction of travel should lean their arms on the seat cushion of the front seat to protect their face, lean towards the aisle, and protect their heads with both hands; people whose back is facing the direction of travel, Protect the back of the head with both hands, raise the knees to protect the abdomen, tighten the body, and adopt a defensive posture.

How should people in the building respond to an earthquake?

Once an earthquake occurs, it is extremely important to keep a clear and calm mind and judge the shaking situation in time. Never jump off the building in a panic. This is extremely important. Secondly, you can hide under solid furniture or in a corner, or you can move to a kitchen or toilet with more load-bearing walls and a small space to take shelter for a while. Because the bonding force in these places is strong, especially the pipes that have been treated, they have better support and a larger seismic coefficient. In short, during an earthquake, you can assess the situation according to the building layout and indoor conditions, find safe spaces and passages to avoid, and reduce casualties.

How to respond when an earthquake hits a store?

Remain calm when experiencing an earthquake in a department store. Due to panic among people and the whereabouts of goods, evacuation passages may be blocked. At this time, you should hide next to nearby large pillars and large merchandise (avoiding product display cabinets), or seek refuge in a passage without obstacles, and then squat down and wait for the earthquake to subside. If you are located upstairs, in principle it is better to move to the ground floor. However, stairs are often the weakest part of a building against earthquakes, so it is necessary to identify the right time to escape. Waiters should organize people to take shelter nearby and evacuate safely after the earthquake.

Self-rescue after an earthquake

If you are buried under rubble during an earthquake, and the surroundings are dark and there is only a very small space, you must not panic, stay calm, and establish a plan for survival. Confidence, believe that someone will come to save you, and do everything possible to protect yourself.

After an earthquake, there are often many aftershocks, and the situation may continue to deteriorate. In order to avoid new harm, you should try to improve your environment as much as possible. At this time, if the emergency kit is by your side, it will play a big role in your escape.

In this extremely unfavorable environment, you must first protect your breathing, move away debris from your head and chest, and cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes when you smell gas or poisonous gas; avoid Remove weak collapsed objects and other objects that may easily cause falling above the body; expand and stabilize the living space, and use bricks, magic sticks, etc. to support broken walls to prevent further deterioration of the environment after aftershocks.

Get out of danger. If you can't find a way out of danger, try to save your energy, hit objects that make noise with rocks, and send out a cry for help. Don't cry, be impatient, or act blindly. This will consume a lot of energy and physical strength, and try your best to Control your emotions or close your eyes to rest and wait for rescuers to arrive. If you are injured, try to bandage it to prevent excessive bleeding.

Sustain life. If you are buried under the rubble for a long time and the rescuers have not arrived, or you have not heard the call for help, you must find a way to maintain your life. You must save water and food in the shock-proof bag, and try to find food and drinking water if necessary. Your own urine can also quench your thirst.

Mutual rescue after the earthquake

After the earthquake, it is impossible for external disaster relief teams to rush to the disaster relief scene immediately. In this case, in order to save more people buried under the rubble , lost precious lives, and the people in the disaster area actively participated in mutual rescue, which is the most timely and effective way to reduce casualties, and also embodies the noble virtue of "saving people in danger".

The sooner the rescue time is, the greater the hope of rescue. According to relevant data, the survival rate of those rescued 20 minutes after the earthquake was over 98%, and the survival rate of those rescued one hour after the earthquake dropped to 63%. Among those who could not be rescued 2 hours after the earthquake, the number of people who died from suffocation accounted for 58%. They were not killed by building collapse during the earthquake, but died of asphyxiation. If they could be rescued in time, they could have survived. In the Tangshan earthquake, hundreds of thousands of people were buried in the rubble. People in the disaster area restored their lives to most of the buried people through self-rescue and mutual rescue. Mutual rescue operations involving people in disaster areas have played an irreplaceable role in the entire earthquake relief effort.

Rescuing people after an earthquake must be done quickly

Rescuing people after an earthquake should be done quickly, with accurate goals, appropriate methods, and the principle of growing mutual rescue teams. The specific method is: save those who are nearby first, whether they are family members, neighbors, or strangers, and do not seek far away; save those who are easy to save first, so that the mutual rescue team can be quickly strengthened; save young adults and medical staff first, so that they can Play a full role in disaster relief; save "lives" first and "people" later. During the Tangshan earthquake, a rural woman saved a person by only exposing her head to avoid suffocation. Then she went to save another person, saving dozens of people in a short period of time.

Methods to rescue people

Effective rescue methods should be adopted based on the actual post-earthquake environment and conditions. The purpose is to safely remove the buried people from the rubble. rescued.

After understanding and searching, it is determined that there are people buried in the ruins, and then the location of the buried pressure is determined, and the rescue signal is transmitted to the ruins by shouting or tapping.

During the rescue process, special attention should be paid to the safety of the buried personnel. First, the tools used (such as iron bars, hoes, sticks, etc.) should not injure the people buried in the pressure; second, they should not destroy the support conditions around the space where the people buried in the pressure are, causing new collapses and putting the people buried in the pressure in danger again; The third is to communicate with the enclosed space of the buried people as soon as possible to allow fresh air to flow into the people. If there is too much dust during excavation, water should be sprayed to reduce the dust to prevent the buried people from suffocating; fourthly, the buried people will be buried for a long time and it will be difficult to rescue them for a while. Try to deliver drinking water, food and medicine to those buried under pressure to maintain their lives.

Before carrying out a rescue operation, there must be a plan and steps. Consideration must be given to where to dig and where not to dig, where to use a hoe and where to use a stick.

In the past, rescuers acted blindly, trampling the roof of the house on the head of the buried person, and killing the buried person. Therefore, scientific analysis and actions are required during the rescue process to receive the results. Good rescue results and blind actions often cause new harm to the rescue targets.

Rescue and care

First, expose the head of the buried person from the rubble, and remove the dust from the mouth and nose to ensure smooth breathing. For serious injuries, , those who cannot leave the pressure-burdened place on their own should try to carefully remove the buried pressure objects on and around them, and then lift the buried people out of the void. Do not forcefully drag them.

For those who are hungry, thirsty, injured, suffocated, and have been buried for a long time, they should cover their eyes with dark cloth after being rescued to avoid strong light stimulation. , bandage or send to a medical center for rescue treatment.

Key Points of Shock Absorption

Whether to run or hide during an earthquake, most experts in our country believe that the best way to avoid earthquakes is to avoid the nearest place during the earthquake and quickly evacuate to a safe place after the earthquake. . Shock absorbers should be chosen indoors under (beside) objects that are strong and can protect the body, in a place that is easy to form a triangular space, in a place with small openings and supports, and in an open and safe place.

The body posture should be:

Lie down and wait, squat or sit down, curl up the body as much as possible, and lower the body's center of gravity.

Grasp a sturdy object such as a table leg.

Protect your head, neck, eyes, and cover your mouth and nose.

Avoid crowds of people, don’t crowd around, and don’t light open fires because there may be flammable and explosive gases in the air.

School shock absorbers

When classes are in progress, students should quickly hold their heads, close their eyes, and hide under their desks under the instructions of the teacher.

When in the playground or outdoors, you can squat down without moving, protect your head with your hands, and be careful to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects.

Don't go back to the classroom.

Evacuation should be organized after the earthquake.

Don’t jump off the building! Don't stand outside the window! Don't go to the balcony!

Classes should be held outdoors when necessary.

Home earthquake isolation

The earthquake warning time is short, and indoor earthquake isolation is more realistic. The triangular space formed after the collapse of indoor houses is often a relatively safe place for people to survive. It can be called a shock-absorbing space. This mainly refers to the space formed by large collapsed bodies and supports.

The places where triangular spaces are easy to form indoors are:

Under the edge of the kang, near solid furniture;

The roots and corners of interior walls;

Kitchens, toilets, storage rooms and other places with small openings.

Avoid earthquakes in public places

Follow the instructions of the on-site staff, do not panic, do not rush to the exit, avoid crowding, avoid the flow of people, and avoid being squeezed into the wall Or at the fence.

In theaters, gymnasiums, etc.:

Squat down or lie under benches;

Be careful to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and fans;

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Use a schoolbag to protect your head;

After the earthquake passes, follow the instructions of the staff and evacuate in an organized manner.

In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibitions, subways, etc.:

Choose sturdy counters, products (such as low furniture, etc.) or beside pillars, as well as interior corners, etc. to squat on the spot. When going down, protect your head with your hands or other objects; avoid glass doors, windows, glass showcases or counters; avoid tall and unstable shelves containing heavy or fragile items; avoid tall or hanging objects such as billboards and chandeliers.

In a moving electric (car) car:

Hold the handrails to avoid falling or being bruised; lower your center of gravity and hide near the seat.

Get off the bus after the earthquake has passed.

Outdoor shock absorbers

Choose open areas to avoid shocks on the spot:

Squat or lie down to avoid falling;

Don’t mess around Run and avoid crowded places;

Do not return indoors casually.

Avoid tall buildings or structures:

Buildings, especially those with glass curtain walls;

Street bridges and overpasses;

High chimney, under water tower.

Avoid dangerous, tall or hanging objects:

Transformers, telephone poles, street lights, etc.;

Billboards, cranes, etc.

Avoid other dangerous places:

Narrow streets;

Dangerous old houses and dangerous walls;

Parapet walls and high facades , under the awning;

A place where bricks, tiles, wood and other materials are stored.

How to save yourself after a strong earthquake

1. After an earthquake occurs, you should actively participate in rescue work. You can put your ear against the wall to listen for any survivors.

2. Expose the injured person’s head first and keep breathing smoothly. If there is suffocation, perform artificial respiration immediately.

3. Once buried, try to avoid weak collapsed objects above the body, and try to use masonry, wooden sticks, etc. to support the broken walls and reinforce the environment.

4. An earthquake occurs in an instant. Everyone should save themselves first and then start rescue. Rescue the easy first, then the difficult; rescue the near first, then the far.

How to identify earthquake rumors

1. Correctly understand the actual level of current earthquake predictions at home and abroad. The medium and long-term predictions currently made by humans on a larger time scale have a certain degree of credibility. , but the success rate of short-term forecast is still relatively low.

2. It should be clear that in our country, the authority to issue earthquake forecasts lies with the government, and no other unit or individual has the authority to issue earthquake forecast information. When dealing with earthquake rumors, we must not believe them, do not spread them, and report them promptly.

3. Learn common sense about earthquakes and eliminate the fear of earthquakes.

4. Don’t believe rumors and buy blindly.

When a major earthquake strikes, experts recommend three principles for family members to avoid shocks:

Principle 1: Make the right decision based on local conditions. Everyone's environment and situation during an earthquake vary greatly, and the methods of shock absorption cannot be the same. Specific situations need to be analyzed in detail. These conditions include: whether you live in a bungalow or a building, whether the earthquake occurred during the day or at night, whether the house is strong, whether there is shock-absorbing space indoors, how far you are from the door, and whether the outdoors is open and safe.

Principle 2: Act decisively and avoid hesitation. Whether the shock absorber can be successful or not depends on the critical moment. You must not look forward or backward or hesitate. If you live in a bungalow to avoid earthquakes, you must act decisively, either to take shelter nearby, or to go out in an emergency, and do not go back and forth.

Principle 3: Lie down and wait for a decision, do not rush out.

The ancients once recorded in "Records of Earthquakes": "When you suddenly hear a sudden change, don't rush out, lie down and wait. Even if the nest is overturned, you can hope to finish the eggs." This means that when an earthquake occurs, don't rush out of the room. Instead, you should seize the time to survive and find a suitable place to avoid earthquakes. Squat down or sit down and wait for the earthquake to pass. This way, even if the house collapses, people can still be safe.

Three major strategies for shock-absorbing high-rise buildings

Experts suggest that in a metropolis like Beijing, which is dominated by buildings, residents should consciously master some scientific and applicable shock-absorbing strategies.

Strategy 1: Stay calm during the earthquake and go outside after the earthquake. This is an international standard for earthquake avoidance. Many examples of earthquakes at home and abroad show that in the short moment of an earthquake, people are most likely to be killed or injured when entering or leaving a building. Therefore, experts warn that if the indoor shock-absorbing conditions are good, you must first choose indoor shock-absorbing. If the building is not earthquake resistant, run out of the room as much as possible.

According to relevant national standards, residential buildings in Beijing should have the ability to withstand earthquake damage with an intensity of 8 degrees. Experts suggest not to panic when an earthquake occurs, but to keep your vision wide and mobile so that your camera can move. In particular, remember that you should not stay in bed; do not run to the balcony; do not run to the corridor or other crowded places; do not jump from the building; do not use the elevator. If you are in the elevator during an earthquake, you should leave as soon as possible. If the door cannot be opened, Squat down with your head in your hands. In addition, put out the fire and cut off the power immediately to prevent burns, electric shock and fire.

Strategy 2: The shock absorber position is crucial. To avoid earthquakes in a building, you can assess the situation according to the building layout and indoor conditions, and find a safe space to take shelter. It's best to find a place that creates a triangular space. It is safer to squat next to the heater. The bearing capacity of the heater is large. The network structure and elasticity of the metal pipes are not easy to be torn, and they are not easy to be thrown out even when the earthquake shakes greatly. The heating pipes have good ventilation and are not easy to cause injuries to people. Suffocation; water trapped in pipes can also prolong survival. More importantly, trapped persons can send messages to the outside world by hitting the heating pipes, and the position of the heating pipe close to the outer wall is conducive to getting rescue as quickly as possible.

What needs special attention is that when hiding in small spaces such as kitchens and bathrooms, try to stay away from stoves, gas pipes and easily breakable dishes. If the kitchen or bathroom is located in a corner of the building and the partition wall is a thin wall, do not choose it as the best place to absorb shocks. In addition, do not get into cabinets or boxes, because once people get in, they immediately lose mobility, their vision is blocked, and their limbs are tied. Not only will they miss the opportunity to escape, but it is also not conducive to rescue; the lying posture is also not good, and the human body's The plane area increases, the probability of being hit is 5 times greater than standing, and it is difficult to maneuver and change position.

Strategy 3: Stay close to water but not fire, stay outside rather than inside. This is an important principle to ensure timely assistance from others in urban earthquake disasters. Do not go near gas stoves, gas pipes and household appliances; do not choose a location inside the building, try to get as close to the exterior wall as possible, but do not hide under the windows; try to get as close to the water source as possible. Once trapped, try to contact the outside world, except using your mobile phone. In addition, you can tap on pipes and radiators, or turn on a flashlight. (Cai Wenqing Fu Yang)

Tips for home shock absorbers

1. Seize the time and take emergency refuge. If you feel the shaking is very light, it means the source of the earthquake is far away. Just hide under solid furniture. The time from the beginning of a major earthquake to the end of the vibration process is only a dozen to tens of seconds, so it is most important to seize the time to avoid shocks and do not waste time.

2． Choose a suitable shock-absorbing space. Safer indoor shock-absorbing spaces include: load-bearing wall roots and corners; places with water pipes and heating pipes, etc. The most unfavorable places in the house for shock absorption are: unsupported beds; under suspended ceilings and chandeliers; on surrounding unsupported floors; near glass (including mirrors) and large windows.

3． Protect yourself. First, be calm. After choosing a shelter, you should squat or sit down, face down, and rest your forehead on your arms; or grab a table leg or other solid object around you to avoid falling or losing control of your body during the earthquake. Injury; protect your head and neck, lower your head, and cover your head or back of the neck with your hands; protect your eyes, lower your head, and close your eyes to prevent injury from foreign objects; protect your mouth and nose. If possible, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel. To prevent dust and poisonous gas.

10 Things to Know During an Earthquake

1. For the safety of yourself and your family, please hide under tables and other solid furniture

During large shaking times About 1 minute. The first thing you should consider is the personal safety of yourself and your family. First, take shelter under a sturdy table with a low center of gravity and hold on to the legs of the table. In situations where there is no table or other places to hide, you should protect your head with a cushion or other objects.

2. Turn off the fire immediately when shaking, and put out the fire immediately when there is a fire.

During a major earthquake, there may be situations where fire trucks cannot be relied on to put out fires. Therefore, the efforts of each of us to turn off and extinguish fires are important factors in controlling earthquake disasters to a minimum.

Get into the habit of turning off the fire even if there is a small earthquake.

In order to prevent the fire from causing a catastrophe, it is extremely important not only for the family members, but also for the neighbors to help each other and put out the fire early.

During an earthquake, there are three opportunities to turn off the fire:

The first opportunity is when there is a small shaking before a big shaking

When sensing At the moment of a small shaking, they immediately greeted each other: "Earthquake! Turn off the fire!" and turn off the heating stove, gas stove, etc. that are in use.

The second chance is when the big shaking subsides

When a big shaking occurs, turn off the fire, and the kettle placed on the gas stove or heating stove will fall down. It's very dangerous.

After the big shaking stopped, shout again: "Turn off the fire! Turn off the fire!" and turn off the fire.

The third chance after the fire

Even if a fire occurs, it can still be put out within 1-2 minutes. In order to put out fires quickly, always place fire extinguishers and fire buckets close to the fire site.

3. Do not run outside in a panic

After an earthquake occurs, if you run outside in a panic, broken glass, roof tiles, billboards, etc. will fall and hit you. It's very dangerous on your body. In addition, cement prefabricated board walls, vending machines, etc. are also in danger of collapse. Do not approach these objects.

4. Open the door and ensure the exit.

In houses with reinforced concrete structures, the shaking of the earthquake will cause the doors and windows to be misaligned, making it impossible to open the door. There have been cases where people were locked in the house. case. Please open the door and secure the exit.

Always think about how to escape if you are locked in the house, and prepare ladders, ropes, etc.

5. In outdoor situations, protect your head and avoid dangerous places

When the ground shakes violently and you are unstable, people will hold on and hold on. What kind of psychology. Most of the doorposts and walls around you will become objects of support. However, these things that look sturdy are actually dangerous.

During the 1987 submarine earthquake in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, many people were killed and injured due to the collapse of cement prefabricated walls and door pillars. Be sure not to take shelter near cement prefabricated board walls, door pillars, etc.

In busy streets and building areas, the most dangerous thing is that glass windows, billboards and other objects fall down and injure people. Be careful to protect your head with your hands or a handbag.

In addition, you should also pay attention to the vending machine tipping over and injuring people.

When in a building area, depending on the situation, it is safer to enter a building to take shelter.

6. Follow the instructions of the staff when in department stores and theaters

The most terrifying thing in department stores, underground shopping malls and other places with a large number of people is chaos. Please follow the instructions of store staff and security personnel.

As far as earthquakes are concerned, underground streets are said to be relatively safe. Even if a power outage occurs, emergency lighting will turn on immediately, so please act calmly.

In the event of a fire, it will immediately be filled with smoke. Evacuate with your body lowered and never smoke.

If you take the elevator

In the event of an earthquake or fire, the elevator cannot be used. In case you encounter an earthquake while taking the elevator, press all the buttons for each floor on the operation panel. Once it stops, leave the elevator quickly and evacuate after confirming safety.

Elevators in high-rise buildings and recent buildings are equipped with devices to control their operation. When an earthquake occurs, it will automatically move and stop on the nearest floor.

If you are locked in the elevator, please contact the management office for help through the dedicated phone in the elevator.

7. Cars are parked on the side of the road and are prohibited from driving in controlled areas.

When a major earthquake occurs, the car will feel like its tires are deflated, making it difficult to control the steering wheel and drive. You must pay full attention to avoid intersections and pull over to the side of the road. In order not to hinder the passage of evacuees and emergency vehicles, the middle part of the road must be cleared.

Most roads in the urban center will be completely closed to traffic. Pay full attention to your car radio and follow the instructions of the police if they are nearby.

When it is necessary to evacuate, to avoid being involved in a fire, please close the car windows, put the car keys in the car, do not lock the car doors, and act together with the local people.

8. Be careful of landslides, rockfalls or tsunamis

On mountain sides and steeply sloping areas, there is a risk of landslides, rockfalls and tsunamis. You should quickly evacuate to a safe place.

On the coast, there is a risk of tsunamis. If an earthquake or tsunami warning is issued, please pay attention to the information on the radio, TV, etc., and evacuate to a safe place quickly

9. When evacuating, walk on foot and carry the minimum amount of belongings

When a fire caused by an earthquake spreads and burns, posing a danger to life or personal safety, take evacuation measures. In principle, the evacuation method is based on citizen disaster prevention organizations, streets, etc., and is led by the person in charge and the police to evacuate on foot, and the items carried should be minimal. Never use cars or bicycles to evacuate.

For the evacuation of patients and others, the cooperation and mutual assistance of local residents is indispensable. From usual times, it is necessary for neighbors to agree on evacuation methods in advance.

10. Don’t listen to rumors and don’t act rashly

When a major earthquake occurs, people are easily shaken psychologically. To prevent chaos, it is extremely important for everyone to act calmly and based on correct information.

Grasp correct information from portable radios, etc. Trust the information you get directly from the government, police, firefighting and other disaster prevention agencies, never believe irresponsible rumors, and do not act rashly.

Daily preparations

1. Are your home’s security measures foolproof?

Daily preparation is the basis for minimizing damage.

Take measures to secure wardrobes, kitchen cabinets, refrigerators, etc. to prevent them from falling over.

Tape transparent film or tape on the glass of kitchen cabinets, windows, etc. to prevent the glass from flying around when broken.

In order to prevent cabinet doors from opening due to earthquake shaking and items inside falling out, hinges are installed on cabinet and closet doors to secure them.

Do not place TVs, vases, etc. in high places.

To prevent injuries caused by glass fragments scattered on the ground, always prepare thicker slippers.

Pay attention to the placement of furniture to ensure a safe space.

Pay full attention to the management and storage of kerosene heating stoves and other fire appliances and dangerous goods.

Reinforce cement prefabricated panel walls to make them strong and resistant to collapse.

2. Are emergency supplies ready?

(1) Drinking water (2) Food, baby milk powder (3) First aid medicines (4) Portable radios, flashlights, dry batteries (5) Cash, valuables (6) Underwear, towels, toilet paper etc.

3. Establish a cooperation system for neighborly mutual assistance from normal times

When a major earthquake occurs, it can be expected to cause huge disasters in a wide area. In this case, it is impossible for fire engines and ambulances to be on call at all times. Therefore, it is necessary to communicate with local residents through street and other organizations from ordinary times, and establish a mutual assistance and cooperation system to deal with fires and casualties.

From normal times, neighbors should discuss a mutual assistance and cooperation system in case of emergency.

Actively participate in citizen disaster prevention organizations.

Actively participate in disaster prevention training.

Emergency preparation for earthquakes

In areas where destructive earthquake forecasts have been issued