Manchu-Han banquet originated in Qing Dynasty, and it is the most famous Chinese banquet in history, which combines the essence of Manchu-Han banquet. During the reign of Qianlong and Shen Jia, Li Dou wrote "Yangzhou Fang Shu", which recorded the menu of Manchu-Chinese banquet, which was the earliest record of Manchu-Chinese banquet.
Man-Han Banquet is a large-scale banquet with national characteristics in China. It not only has the characteristics of court dishes, but also has the essence of local flavor. Exquisite dishes and exquisite manners have formed a striking and unique style. Man-Han banquet was originally a banquet where two people sat together in officialdom. Generally, there are at least 108 kinds of dishes at the Manchu-Han banquet, and they are all finished in three days. The Manchu-Han banquet has a wide range of materials, fine materials and all-inclusive food. Exquisite cooking skills and strong local characteristics. To highlight the special flavor of Manchu dishes, barbecue, hot pot and shabu-shabu are almost indispensable dishes; At the same time, it also shows the characteristics of Han cooking, which is a treasure of Chinese food culture.
(Beijing Imperial Hotel divides Manchu-Chinese banquet into six kinds and gives them different names. )
Brief introduction of six kinds of banquets
Man-Han Banquet (1) Mongolian Pan Banquet
This banquet is a royal banquet hosted by the Qing emperor for Mongolian relatives who married into the royal family. Generally, a banquet is held in an aboveboard hall, accompanied by the first and second ministers of the Qing Dynasty. Emperors of all dynasties attached great importance to this feast and held it every year according to the rules. Mongolian relatives who accepted the banquet regarded the banquet as a great blessing and cherished the food given by the emperor at the banquet. The article "Qing Yuan banknotes * Mongolian banquet brings blessings" said: "When Prince Meng and others enter Beijing to give food, they will definitely go, saying that they bring blessings to their families. If you don't have tableware, you should wear it outside. Ping Jin embroidered pythons, which are often stained with soup, are dripping with nothing.
Man-Han Banquet (II) Courtier Banquet
The courtier banquet was held on the 16th day of the first month at the end of Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the emperor personally ordered the university students, and those who made meritorious deeds in the Nine big noble attended, and those who gave a banquet were honored. The banquet is held in Fengsan Selfless Hall, and the banquet follows the imperial banquet ceremony. They all use high chairs, write poems and drink alcohol every year. Mongolian princes and others also participated. The emperor used this to help his courtiers, and it was also a symbolic form of courtiers' contribution.
Manhan Banquet (III) Wanshou Banquet
The longevity banquet is the birthday banquet of the Qing emperor and one of the grand banquets of the imperial court. Empresses and princes, civil and military officials, are proud of providing birthday gifts. In the meantime, there are countless delicious foods. In case of a major birthday, the celebration will be more grand and grand, and the department will send someone to take charge of it. Clothing and jewelry, decoration and furnishings, music and dance banquets are all available. On the 10th day of October in the 20th year of Guangxu, Cixi celebrated her 60th birthday. In the eighteenth year of Guangxu, the imperial edict was issued, and a banquet was held about two months before her birthday. There are more than 29 170 pieces of glazed bowls, plates and saucers painted with longevity words and auspicious and festive patterns in Jiangxi. The whole celebration cost nearly12 million taels of silver, which is unprecedented in the history of China.
Man-Han Banquet (4) Thousand Banquets
Thousands of banquets began in Kangxi and flourished in Qianlong. It is the largest royal banquet with the largest number of diners in the Qing Palace. In the fifty-second year of Kangxi, a banquet for thousands of people was held in Yangchun Garden for the first time. Michelle Ye wrote a poem "Thousand Banquets" and won the banquet title. In the fifty years of Qianlong, a banquet was held in Gan Qing Palace for 3,000 people, and hundreds of white couplets were improvised. In the first month of the first year of Jiaqing, the imperial court of Ningshou Palace hosted a banquet for more than 1,000 people, including 3,566 people, and composed more than three impromptu poems. Later generations called the Thousand Banquets "an unprecedented act of grace".
Man-Han Banquet (5) Nine White Banquets
Nine hundred banquets began in the reign of Kangxi. In the early years of Kangxi, four tribes, including Mongolian Wesak, paid tribute to nine white horses every year, namely, a white camel and eight white horses. Think of this as a letter. After the Mongolian tribe presented a tribute, the emperor held a grand royal banquet to entertain the envoys, which was called the Nine White Banquet. Obey the rules every year. Later, Daoguang wrote a poem for this purpose: "Four pairs of silver flowers and a jade camel, Xiqiang Lao and Xian Di Luo Jing."
Man-Han Banquet (VI) Festival Banquet
Festival banquet refers to the banquet held by the Qing court according to the fixed holiday season every year. Such as: Yuan Day Banquet, Banquet, Spring Farming Banquet, End Lunch Banquet, Beggar Banquet, Mid-Autumn Festival Banquet, Double Ninth Festival Banquet, Winter Banquet, New Year's Eve Banquet, etc. Everything is in accordance with the rules and regulations of the festival. Although Manchu has its own dietary customs, after entering the Central Plains, it accepted the dietary customs of the Han nationality in large quantities under the needs of the integration and rule of Manchu and Han cultures. Due to the special position of the imperial court, the rules of food customs are all detailed one by one. Its eating method is closely related to folk customs and regions, so Laba porridge, Yuanxiao, Zongzi, ice bowl, realgar wine, Chongyang cake, Qiqiao cake and moon cakes are all available in Qing Palace.
A total of 108 dishes.
1. Four persons: assorted head box-one, dismounted two types (fruit powder, smoked wheat), soup slices and noodles for one person each-basin,
2. Four hot meats: goose skin sturgeon, crab yellow fresh mushroom, Hosta chicken and night shrimp.
3. Four chilled meats: crispy ginger eggs, Kyoto Yaohua pills, crispy fried crucian carp, and phoenix-eye waist.
4. Four pairs: pineapple, goose, mushroom, pork loin, cucumber, kidney flower, exposed bamboo shoots and chicken.
5. Four bowls: an official swallow, a phoenix, a big skirt, a wing and an elephant plucking Qin Yubao.
6. Four bowls: tiger-buckled dragon skin, stewed bear's paw with crane, fried wings with silver needle and Dinghu cuisine.
7. Four small bowls: fried shredded deer with plum blossom, dried snow coat with red, dried abalone slices and bamboo forest phoenix.
8. Everyone: Dangui in the middle of the month, cowardice in the war of words, snow ear in clear soup, deer and duck in water.
9. Four barbecues: whole roast suckling pig, Ruyi chicken-right, Yerba-Za, duck with sliced skin hanging on the stove-right.
10. Four cold elements: vegetarian hoof, vegetarian bamboo shoot tip, vegetarian noodle root and vegetarian tremella.
1 1. Four seats: steamed seafood, wide-bellied pigeon, oolong elbow, lightly grilled lamb leg.
12. Eight salty points: mother and son fresh shrimp dumplings, chicken rolls, cloud leg stuffing, crab-meat begonia fruit, fresh shrimp baked dumplings, stuffed fish maw, hibiscus chicken dumplings and crispy fried bass strips.
13. Eight kinds of desserts: rose fried cake, crispy pineapple ball, crispy butter lamp, square preserved lotus seed, mandarin duck tube with juice, sesame phoenix roll, colorful frozen cake and crystal fresh milk jelly.
14. The second beet: watermelon cup, frozen almond tofu.
15. Noodles: nine-inch dry noodles.
16.- Dry rice: white rice.
17.- porridge: rice porridge.
18. Four meals: salted eggs, milk, salted fish and stir-fry.
19.- soup: Volvariella volvacea egg flower soup
20. Four-heel soup: hot and sour teeth (with pig), ham soup (with the first dessert), Changchun soup (with duck slices) and grass soup (with noodles).
2 1. Four-heel products: Yu Lian (with suckling pig), Pianshar (with Ruyi chicken), Baba (with Pianpian duck) and Ruyi Juan (with Haba).
22.- Taobao, Bai Zi: The Bai Zi peach of Quelu Hummingmonkey is full. Two breakups: red melon seeds and fried silver almonds.
23. Four classics: raisins, walnut cakes, preserved apricots and dried longan.
24. Four sugars: sugar lotus seed, sugar wax gourd, sugar chrysanthemum cake and sugar coconut horn.
25. Four honey fruits, honey money orange, honey pomelo peel and candied dates.
26. Four sour fruits: sour onions, sour buckwheat heads, sour ginger and sour plums.
27. Four fruits: apple, sweet orange, litchi and Shatian pomelo.
28. Four kinds of fruits: water chestnut, lotus root, water chestnut, Wang Qiang and Wang Qianggou.
29. Four fruits: elephant raw banana, elephant raw Sydney, elephant raw four-season orange and elephant raw Chaozhou orange.