As we all know, China is one of the countries with the largest species of freshwater fish in the world, with more than 800 species. Because fish inhabit rivers and lakes, its natural environment and natural color are difficult to be directly observed and recorded, and the previous scientific description is inevitably distorted. "China Freshwater Fish Primary Color Atlas" adopts new photography technology, directly shoots living specimens and simulates ecological environment, providing beautiful and intuitive pictures for people, which is of great practical significance for developing and utilizing freshwater fish resources in China and popularizing ichthyology knowledge, and also has certain value in ichthyology research and teaching.