Chief Physician Zhou Xun, Department of Nephrology

Among kidney diseases, a considerable number of patients present with elevated serum creatinine and urinary protein. Many kidney diseases with elevated serum creatinine have already occurred. Kidney failure, kidney disease with elevated urinary protein leaks nutrients from the urine and can also damage kidney function. This requires the development of further treatment plans to reverse, prevent or control renal failure and reduce proteinuria. At the same time, three meals a day must be coordinated.

In other words, if blood creatinine and urinary protein are high, kidney patients should not eat wrongly. They should remember the following five dietary points. In this way, kidney function can be protected without aggravating proteinuria.

1. Emphasis on eating foods based on high-quality protein

Different from non-high-quality protein, the amino acid pattern of high-quality protein is very close to the amino acid pattern of human protein. This type of protein is easily absorbed by the human body. The key to absorption and utilization is that less waste is produced after absorption and metabolism by the human body, and it is also less harmful to kidney disease patients with high blood creatinine and urinary protein. High-quality protein is very close to "complete protein". It is a protein that contains a complete range of essential amino acids in sufficient amounts and in appropriate proportions. For example, animal proteins such as eggs, milk, meat, fish, etc., as well as proteins from soybeans and their products, are all high-quality proteins. Kidney disease patients with high serum creatinine and urinary protein should appropriately increase the proportion of this type of high-quality protein in three meals a day, but there is a prerequisite, that is, the total protein intake cannot exceed the standard.

2. The diet should be mainly light, but not too "light"

We patients with kidney disease particularly emphasize a light diet. For example, low salt is the basic requirement, and meat should be eaten with less fat. How lean, the staple food can be carefully matched, use less oil rather than too much, cook less and grill more and steam more, and use onions, ginger and garlic wisely for seasonings. You must not understand a light diet as "eating no salt and only eating vegetarian food". In other words, less salt is not the better, nor does eating no meat mean a light diet.

3. Don’t neglect to avoid excessive consumption of high-potassium fruits and vegetables

Kidney disease patients with high blood creatinine and urinary protein have been complicated by acute renal failure or have progressed to chronic renal failure. There is often a potassium excretion dysfunction, which may lead to hyperkalemia or the risk of hyperkalemia. Therefore, patients with this type of kidney disease cannot ignore excessive consumption of vegetables and fruits with high or particularly high potassium content. Such vegetables and fruits are relatively common, such as seaweed, fungus, mushrooms, potatoes, kelp, bananas, winter dates, oranges and almonds. What is mentioned here about not eating too much vegetables and fruits high in potassium does not mean that you cannot eat vegetables and fruits. Although all vegetables and fruits contain potassium, not all of them cannot be eaten. Many vegetables and fruits do not have high potassium content. In addition, for those patients with kidney disease who have already developed hypokalemia, they do not need to excessively restrict their consumption of vegetables and fruits high in potassium.

4. Food with "heavy" flavors is taboo

Kidney disease with high blood creatinine and urine protein indicates renal failure, and the patient's blood pressure will also increase. It may also be accompanied by hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia, etc. This requires friends with kidney disease to strictly avoid "heavy" food with heavy salt, heavy oil, heavy purine, heavy sugar, heavy spicy food, heavy additives and heavy seasoning. For example, various pickled products, puffed foods, salty snacks, packaged foods with excessive additives, too greasy meat, chili and hot sauce, etc. are all heavy-flavored delicacies. Frequent or excessive consumption of these delicacies will aggravate blood creatinine and urinary symptoms. The condition of kidney disease patients with high protein levels will further increase their serum creatinine and urinary protein, and may accelerate the progression of the disease.

5. In principle, do not eat animal offal and meat soup

Serum creatinine and urinary protein are both high, and you have kidney failure. Of course, you cannot eat animal offal and meat soup. This is because not only are the phosphorus and purine contents relatively high in various animal offal and meat soups, but there may also be excessive heavy metals in the offal, while meat soups (especially those cooked over long fires) are not There are not many nutrients, but there are many harmful substances. These so-called "delicacies" are especially not suitable for friends with kidney disease who have high blood creatinine and urinary protein. People with kidney disease who eat more and often eat animal offal and meat soup will have a greater impact on the condition and can further increase blood creatinine and urine protein. Urinary protein.

To sum up, when kidney disease is just discovered or when kidney disease develops to a certain stage, it may lead to high blood creatinine and urinary protein. At this time, patients need to pay more attention to their diet. Don’t want to eat wrongly, kidney patients need to remember the above five dietary points.

Published simultaneously with the WeChat public account of the same name "Kidney First". The article is by the author Zhou Xun and may not be reproduced without permission.