1, food choice: eat enough food, the elderly should eat at least 12 kinds of food every day, take various measures to increase appetite and food intake, eat three meals, have more than 1-2 kinds of staple foods for breakfast, 1 egg, 1 cup of milk and vegetables or fruits; There are more than two staple foods in Chinese dinner, including 1-2 meat dishes, 1-2 vegetables and 1 bean products. Food should be full of color, smell and taste.
2. Choice of meals: For the elderly and people with weak body and obvious weight loss, the intake of meals may be limited, so special attention should be paid to increasing the number of meals and changing the mode to ensure adequate food intake. Three meals at 2 o'clock or 3 o'clock is ok, and each meal accounts for 20%-25% of the total energy of the whole day. The energy per meal is 5%- 10%. Meal time should be relatively fixed. Eating and drinking water is not recommended within one hour before going to bed, so as not to affect sleep. Some elderly people who eat less should pay attention to eating less soup, soup and rice before and during meals.
3. Precautions for cooking methods: Old people with poor chewing ability can cut food into small pieces or extend cooking time when cooking. Meat food can be cut into shredded pork or sliced meat for cooking, or chopped into minced meat to make balls. Fish and shrimp can be made into fish fillets, fish soup, shrimp and so on. For the elderly who have difficulty chewing and swallowing, you can choose soft food, semi-liquid food or paste food, and the liquid food should be thickened.
4. Drink water in moderation: In addition to paying attention to diet, the elderly should also take the initiative to drink water. The correct drinking method is to take the initiative to drink a small amount of water for many times, 50- 100 ml each time, 1 cup of warm water in the morning and 1 cup of water before going to bed. They should not drink water when they feel thirsty, and form the habit of drinking water regularly and actively. Old people should drink water every day.
Matters needing attention in Chinese New Year diet for the elderly
1, Chinese New Year is generally greasy, and the diet of the elderly must be light. Even if you start a new stove, you should keep your usual diet level: less salt, less oil, less sugar and balanced nutrition.
2. It is also the key for the elderly to control their food intake. If there are special diseases, some foods can't be eaten, or they can't be eaten in large quantities. For example, diabetics can't eat cakes. Even in the new year, patients with hypertension can't forget the doctor's instructions.
If you still have some tonics or special tonics in use at this time, I suggest you stop using them during the Spring Festival. Otherwise it conflicts with your diet, which may lead to overnutrition and garbage accumulation.
It is the easiest to eat bad stomach during the Spring Festival. Although fresh food is rich in nutrition, it is best to cook only one meal at a time, pay attention to hygiene and safety, and prevent diseases from entering the mouth. Leftovers should be wrapped in plastic wrap and kept in the refrigerator. It is best to prepare two sets of chopping boards and knives in the kitchen, and treat cooked food and raw food separately to avoid cross-contamination.
5, don't overeat during the Spring Festival, you can only eat eight points full, don't eat too much. Although overeating can solve the temporary craving, it will lead to indigestion after meals.
6, snacks contain a lot of calories or fried food, so snacks are the biggest taboo for the elderly in the New Year, so be sure to control your mouth. It is best to refuse to eat snacks. Candy, melon seeds, peanuts and other foods are not low in calories. Don't eat these things while watching TV.
For the health of the New Year, the elderly should drink more boiled water or tea. Drink at least 6 bowls (cups) of water (including soup) every day, and each bowl (cup) is calculated as 250cc. Don't add sugar to the drink. Adequate water can promote and improve constipation (constipation food), which is especially important for people with hypertension. Of course, water can also promote the excretion of waste in the body, which is helpful for the prevention and treatment of kidney calculi and urinary calculi.
8. Too much fat can lead to cardiovascular disease, diabetes (diabetic food) and hypertension in the elderly. Therefore, cooking methods include steaming, boiling, roasting, scalding, stewing, marinating, cold salad and so on. To reduce oil absorption.
9, chicken soup, broth in the refrigerator, you can remove the oil slick on the soup. It is best not to add monosodium glutamate in cooking to prevent excessive sodium glutamate.
10, to prevent sugary foods from making people fat, which also has adverse effects on the blood lipids of elderly men.
1 1, too much sodium (in salt, monosodium glutamate, soy sauce and pickled products) will make water stay in the body, cause edema, raise blood pressure (antihypertensive food), and affect the health of the elderly.
12. Festive diet is more likely to cause constipation. Eating more fruits can not only play a good role in clearing away heat and toxic materials, relaxing bowels, but also regulate and improve the metabolic function of the human body, prevent various diseases and improve health. Health. com reminds that fruits and vegetables have different digestion times and processes, so they should be eaten separately. Otherwise, a large number of enzymes in fruits will destroy the cellulose of vegetables and cannot be absorbed by the stomach.
13, drinking should be limited, and drinking on holidays should also follow this principle. Excessive alcohol can cause damage to the liver, brain, nervous system and digestive system.
14, press the point on time, and don't disturb the normal eating rules because of playing and sleeping, which makes the gastrointestinal tract unsuitable and causes digestive dysfunction.