Headache refers to a kind of disease characterized by head pain caused by acute head meridian or malnutrition and unfavorable resuscitation. Headache is a common clinical symptom, which can appear alone or in the process of various diseases.
Western medicine believes that headache refers to the pain in the front part above the eyebrows and the back part above the occipital part, that is, the upper part of the skull. Headache is one of the most common clinical symptoms, which can be seen in internal and external diseases, nervous system diseases, mental diseases, five senses and other diseases, especially nervous system diseases, and its etiology is very complicated. The incidence rate is high, and almost 90% people in the population have headaches all their lives. This paper mainly discusses the common headaches in internal medicine, such as vascular headache, tension headache, trigeminal neuralgia, post-traumatic headache, some intracranial diseases, neurosis and some infectious diseases, as well as headaches in facial diseases.
Etiology of headache
Where to? Zhu Yangzhi's meeting? ,? Qingyang House? It is also the place where the marrow sea is located, occupying the highest position in the human body. The essence of the five internal organs and the qi of clearing yang in the six internal organs are all injected into the head, and the three yang meridians of the hands and feet are also injected into the head. Headache can occur if the evil of six evils is cleared away, which hinders the clearing of yang, or phlegm and blood stasis block meridians and inhibit meridian qi, or liver yin deficiency and hyperactivity of liver yang, or qi deficiency and poor clearing of yang, or blood deficiency and ignorance, or kidney essence deficiency and bone marrow emptiness.
The causes of headache are nothing more than exogenous diseases and internal injuries. Exogenous diseases are mostly caused by the invasion of six evils, and internal injuries are mostly related to emotional exhaustion, diet fatigue, servant injury, physical weakness, chronic illness, lack of endowment, overwork and other factors, as described in detail below.
First, feel the external evil.
Careless living, feeling the evil of wind, cold, damp and heat, the evil spirit is on the top, and the qi of clearing yang is blocked, which makes people have a headache. Because wind is the length of all diseases, among the six evils, the common cold is the main one, often accompanied by cold and dampness.
Second, emotional disorder.
Depression, emotional frustration, liver failure, qi stagnation and hyperactivity of yang, or liver depression and hyperactivity of yang are all symptoms of headache. If the liver fire is depressed for a long time, it will consume yin and blood, liver and kidney deficiency, poor blood and essence, and headache.
Third, congenital deficiency or fornication.
Congenital deficiency or overwork in the house makes kidney essence insufficient for a long time. The kidney controls the bone to produce marrow, and the marrow is connected with the brain, and the brain marrow depends on the continuous metaplasia of kidney essence. If the kidney essence is deficient for a long time and the brain marrow is empty, there will be a headache. If yin impairs yang, kidney yang is weak, and clearing yang is underdeveloped, it can also cause headache, which is rare in clinic.
Fourth, long-term dietary fatigue and physical weakness.
Spleen and stomach are the foundation of the day after tomorrow and the source of qi and blood biochemistry. If the spleen and stomach are weak, the source of qi and blood is insufficient, or the vital qi is damaged after illness and blood deficiency can cause headache. If it is due to improper diet, excessive drinking, or overeating spicy and greasy food, spleen loses health and transportation, and phlegm is endogenous, which hinders clearing yang and clearing orifices, it is a headache with phlegm.
Five, head trauma or long-term illness into the network.
Trauma from falls, head trauma, or long-term patients with blocked collaterals, stagnation of qi and blood, blood stasis in brain collaterals, pain and headache.
treatment according to syndrome differentiation
First, exogenous headache
1. Wind-cold headache
Symptoms are headache, sharp pain, backache, and I often like to wrap my head. You can see the evil wind and cold at the same time, and your mouth is pale and not thirsty.
If the exogenous wind-cold affects the body surface, the meridians of the sun go up and down along the neck, and the wind-cold attacks the surface, so that the sun cannot pass through the qi, so the headache is associated with the neck. Cold is yin evil, which leads to stagnation, so the pain is more intense, and I like Baotou, and my mouth is pale and not thirsty; Wind-cold is bound to the muscle surface, which is not restrained in the center, so it is evil.
It is advisable to dispel wind and cold.
2. Wind-heat headache
Symptoms include headache and swelling, and even cracking. Fever, foul wind, blushing, thirst, constipation and Huang Chi can be seen at the same time.
Wind and heat attack from the outside, disturbing the orifices. Wind-heat belongs to yang evil, and it is hot in nature, so it causes headache, abdominal distension, even chapping and blushing. Wind-heat stagnation in muscle surface leads to fever and evil wind; Excessive heat hurts body fluids, so thirst, constipation and yellow urine.
It is advisable to treat wind and clear heat.
3. Rheumatoid headache
Symptoms include headache. You can also see heavy limbs, low body heat, chest tightness, anorexia, unfavorable urination and loose stools.
If rheumatism is exogenous, because dampness is yin evil, its nature is heavy and turbid, rheumatism invades, external muscles are bound to the surface, and the upper Mongolia is clear of orifices, so the yang does not rise, so the headache is wrapped and the body heat does not rise; Spleen governs transport and transformation, and governs limbs. The spleen is wet and sleepy, which leads to chest tightness, heavy limbs and lethargy, unfavorable urination and loose stools.
Treatment should dispel wind and overcome dampness.
Second, internal injuries and headaches.
1. Liver-yang headache
Symptoms include swelling and pain in the head, or traction pain, and headaches are mostly on both sides. You can also see dizziness, irritability, restless sleep at night, or hypochondriac pain, redness and bitter taste.
If the mood is not smooth, Yang is used because of the yin of the liver, and the liver yang is excessive, which interferes with the clearing of the orifices, resulting in head swelling and pain, or pain when pulling; Shaoyang meridians run along both sides of the head, so headaches are mostly on both sides of the head; Wind-induced dizziness belongs to the liver, liver failure, hyperactivity of liver yang, and disturbance of meridian orifices, so headache and dizziness; Excessive liver fire disturbs the mind, leading to restlessness at night; Liver and gallbladder qi stagnation turns into fire, and liver yang is hyperactive, so hypochondriac pain, bitter taste and red face.
The treatment should be calming the liver and suppressing yang.
2. Kidney deficiency and headache
Symptoms are headache and emptiness. You can also see dizziness, tinnitus, low back pain, mental fatigue and nocturnal emission.
Old age or fornication, kidney essence deficiency, because the kidney governs the production of marrow, the brain is the marrow sea, kidney deficiency is not glorious, and the mind is empty, so the mind is empty and painful, dizziness and tinnitus; The waist is the house of the kidney, and the essence of kidney deficiency is not solid and nocturnal emission, while the female does not bind the pulse.
It is advisable to tonify kidney and replenish essence.
3. Headache due to blood deficiency
The symptoms are dull and persistent pain. You can also see palpitations, irritability, fatigue, pale face and dizziness.
Due to insufficient biochemical resources, or excessive consumption, insufficient yin and blood, blood deficiency can not be proud of the head, so pale face, headache and dizziness; Blood deficiency leads to mental dystrophy, so palpitation is easy to panic; . Blood deficiency easily leads to qi deficiency, which leads to mental fatigue.
Appropriate nourishing yin and blood.
4. Headache due to qi deficiency
Symptoms include dull pain, intermittent attacks and aggravated fatigue. You can also see dizziness, mental fatigue, shortness of breath, laziness, spontaneous sweating and pale face.
Spleen is the foundation of nurture. Improper diet will damage the spleen and stomach, and spleen deficiency will lead to insufficient biochemical sources, insufficient qi and blood, insufficient middle qi, unclear yang and insufficient nourishing qi, so the headache will be dull and painful, and it will stop and continue. It hurts in labor, so it hurts even more when it comes to labor; Deficiency of middle qi and persistent qi deficiency will lead to mental fatigue, shortness of breath, laziness and pale face; If the appearance of the hand guard is not firm, it will spontaneously sweat.
Treatment should be beneficial to qi and clear away profits.
5. Phlegm-turbid headache
Symptoms include headache, dizziness and severe falls. You can also see chest pain, nausea, dizziness, fatigue and weakness.
Due to improper diet, or fatigue, or injury of seven emotions, the spleen loses health, gathers dampness and produces phlegm, and phlegm is blocked in the middle, clearing yang and turbid yin does not rise, clearing the orifices and losing nutrition, and turbid yin is covered, resulting in headache and dizziness. Phlegm blocks the chest and diaphragm, and stomach qi goes up, so chest tightness and flatulence are annoying; The spleen and yang are not lucky, and the limbs are not nourished, so they are tired and weak.
Treatment should be based on eliminating dampness, resolving phlegm, inducing diuresis and relieving pain.
6. Blood stasis and headache
Symptoms are severe headache, or tingling, which lasts for a long time and the pain is fixed. It can be seen that the day is light and the night is heavy, and there is a history of head injury or long-term headache.
Head trauma, blood stasis, or long-term headache, pain for a long time into the collaterals, leading to blood stasis blocking the brain veins, so the headache is intense and persistent, and the pain is fixed; During the day, yang is abundant, and qi and blood run smoothly. At night, yin is abundant and qi and blood are not running smoothly, so the headache is light during the day and heavy at night.
Treatment should promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, promote qi circulation and relieve pain.
distinguish
First, dizziness
Headache and dizziness can occur alone or at the same time. Compared with them, the causes of headache are exogenous and internal injuries, and dizziness is mainly internal injuries. Clinical manifestations, headache is mainly pain, dizziness is mainly dizziness.
Second, what a headache.
True headache is a sudden severe headache, or progressive headache, often accompanied by jet vomiting, or neck stiffness, or hemiplegia, hemianopia, dizziness, and even limb syncope and convulsions.
Prognostic outcome
Exogenous headache generally has an acute onset and a short course. After the treatment of eliminating pathogenic factors, the headache quickly improved and disappeared. If the headache is getting worse, accompanied by neck strength, frequent vomiting, and even syncope and convulsions, the condition is critical and dangerous. Headache caused by internal injuries usually has a slow onset, a long course and recurrent attacks. Most of them can gradually improve or even recover after treatment. If the headache is aggravated progressively, or accompanied by stiff neck, or accompanied by visual impairment, nosebleed, tinnitus, or crooked mouth and tongue, the condition is dangerous and the prognosis is poor; If headache is accompanied by dizziness and limb paralysis, you should pay attention to the omen of stroke to prevent it.
nurse
First, it is suitable for living.
Patients with headache should pay attention to rest, keep the environment quiet and the light should not be too strong. Improper living habits can induce or aggravate headaches.
Second, strengthen physical fitness.
Exogenous headache is caused by the invasion of exogenous pathogens, so it is necessary to adapt to the changes of the four seasons, have suitable cold and temperature, and take part in physical exercise regularly to enhance physical fitness and resist the invasion of exogenous pathogens.
Third, regulate emotions.
Emotion plays an important role in the onset of headache. Patients should maintain emotional comfort, avoid excessive pressure and avoid negative emotions such as anger and depression. Especially for headaches caused by internal injuries, you should feel comfortable and avoid mental stimulation.
Fourth, eat moderately.
Those with hyperactivity of liver yang should abstain from fatty meat, sweet greasy and spicy hair, so as not to cause heat and wind, and aggravate the condition. Because there is phlegm, the diet should be light, and don't eat fat and sweet products, so as not to help damp and produce phlegm. Those with insufficient essence and blood should strengthen their diet and eat more flesh-and-blood products such as spinal cord, milk and bee milk. Patients with various headaches should quit smoking and drinking.
Fifth, supplemented by massage.
You can choose appropriate head massage to dredge meridians, regulate qi and blood and prevent headaches.
Causes of colds and headaches, physical factors
Various reasons that can cause inflammation and injury inside and outside the brain; Tumor compression and other reasons lead to vascular traction, extension, displacement and expansion; Meningeal stimulation; Muscle contraction; Direct stimulation of the sensory nerves innervating the head and face can cause headaches.
Neuropsychiatric factors
When the body and mind are badly stimulated by the external environment, they will often have anxiety, anxiety and other emotions, which will lead to migraine attacks. According to the survey, 84% of patients with depression will be accompanied by migraine symptoms. At the same time, all kinds of unpleasant or anger, anxiety, excitement and other serious emotional stimuli in life or work will make you feel unwell and suffer from migraine.
Dietary factors
Eating too much coffee will dilate blood vessels and stimulate nerves to cause migraine; And when you eat too cold ice cream, you will also feel headache; Alcohol in alcohol acts on blood vessels after drinking too much, which can also cause headaches, which is caused by improper diet. According to experts' statistics, the foods that are easy to induce headaches are chocolate, alcoholic beverages, raw dairy products, lemon juice, cheese and red wine.
Sleep factor
This is a common cause of migraine. Headache is caused by serious lack of sleep, and intense work can also cause similar symptoms.
Disease factors
Lesions such as eyes, ears, nose and sinuses, teeth and neck will stimulate nerves, and the reflex or diffusion effect of head and face will cause reflex or involved migraine.
Treatment of colds and headaches After a cold, you must keep indoor ventilation, reduce going out and physical activity, and drink more warm water. When you have a cold and headache, put a clean towel in the washbasin, soak it in proper amount of hot water, wring out the water slightly, and press it flat on the wind pool point of the patient's eyes, nose or head and neck to relieve the symptoms.
Or the massage method that can be adopted; The five elements of the head are combined, and the [five elements] are pressed from front to back. [Baihui] [Sun] [Fengchi] [Fengfu] Massage, 65,438+000 times each, pushing the back from top to bottom. Press it and it will take effect immediately. Taking a deep breath at the same time is effective for headache caused by hypoxia.
Use musk analgesic ointment or musk zhuifeng ointment (or Shangshi analgesic ointment) to treat all kinds of colds. Spread two pieces of 5 cm musk ointment and a little powder in Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule evenly on the ointment, and stick them on Yongquan point in the center of both feet, once a day, and massage for 2 ~ 3 minutes. A common cold can be relieved or cured in 1 ~ 3 days.
Therapeutic tea can relieve and improve headache very well. The benefits of therapeutic tea lie not only in its unique taste, but also in its unique health-preserving efficacy, such as eliminating fatigue and prolonging life. The ancient Tianning tea is very good and healthy for headaches. If you keep using it, you can get rid of your headache.
Etiology and treatment of neuropathic headache;
① Acute intracranial infection includes meningitis, encephalitis and brain abscess caused by various pathogens.
② Acute sinusitis, maxillary sinusitis and frontal sinusitis often cause pain in maxillary sinus and forehead, accompanied by purulent nose.
③ Acute intraorbital cellulitis is mostly caused by paranasal sinusitis, characterized by swelling and pain in the eyes and the affected side, exophthalmos in the affected side, redness and swelling of eyelids and conjunctiva, and obvious increase in intraocular pressure.
④ Acute cavernous sinus thrombosis is caused by head and face infection, especially furuncle around eyes or mouth. Due to improper extrusion, bacteria enter the cavernous sinus, leading to infection and thrombosis. The onset of the disease is sudden, with severe pain in eyes and forehead, eyelid edema, exophthalmos and central fixation.
⑤ Systemic infectious diseases are common in colds, acute tonsillitis, pneumonia and septicemia. Headache is caused by toxin stimulation and vasodilation when you have a fever.
Treatment of neuropathic headache;
Relaxation therapy, as an auxiliary therapy of drug therapy, is a therapeutic method to relax muscles and relieve anxiety through subjective imagination and objective measures. Relaxation therapy, as an important part of psychological and behavioral therapy to relieve anxiety, can obviously relieve various nervous headaches, migraines, insomnia, anxiety, depression and neurasthenia caused by mental factors. As we all know, mental anxiety, nerve excitement and other factors can cause muscle spasm of scalp and neck and back, resulting in scalp contraction, which leads to headache, dizziness, tension or emotional stimulation, accompanied by nervous system symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, palpitation, hyperhidrosis, neck and back pain, tinnitus, inattention and memory loss, such as depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.
Its pathogenesis is anxiety? Muscle spasm, these two factors are mutually causal, and after a long time, it creates a vicious circle: anxiety? Spasm? Headache? The treatment of insomnia is based on its pathogenesis: restraining anxiety? Relieve spasms. Non-drug therapy is mainly relaxation therapy. There are many reasons for headaches and sleep disorders. The key to treating headache and sleep disorder is to adjust and restore the balance between excitement and inhibition of human nervous system. Relaxation training can relax bones, muscles, ligaments, blood vessels and nerves of the whole body. With relaxing music and proper temperature, we can adjust the neuropsychology, balance the excitement and inhibition of the nervous system, achieve physical and mental relaxation, and transform the activities of the body's autonomic nervous system into a direction conducive to relaxation and sleep, thus improving headache and sleep.
Relaxation therapy is guided by the holistic view. Besides local muscle relaxation training, it also emphasizes the whole body relaxation training of deep breathing, so it is easier for patients to enter a relaxed state, and at the same time, they can achieve a deeper level of relaxation, and patients' reactions are also fast. Another feature is that the psychosomatic relaxation method makes it easier for patients to have a pleasant peak experience after relaxation through benign language induction and special visual imagination training, thus improving patients' previous bad emotional experience. On the basis of relaxing the whole body muscles, patients can experience mental and psychological relaxation at the same time. Therefore, simultaneous relaxation of body and mind is a prominent feature of psychosomatic relaxation therapy, which can be considered as a psychophysiological therapy. Psychosomatic relaxation therapy has no side effects, and because it has the effect of treating body and mind, it is especially suitable for patients with headache and sleep disorder accompanied by emotional disorder and behavior disorder.
Relaxation therapy can effectively relieve stress and has a good therapeutic effect on insomnia caused by stress. The headache of neurosis patients is functional headache, mostly head weight and head pressure. Relaxation therapy has an unparalleled effect on such symptoms, and it also has a significant effect on psychosomatic diseases such as anxiety, neurosis, neurasthenia, hypertension, colitis, coronary heart disease, asthma and gastric ulcer.
Headaches mostly occur in the nerves, blood vessels and muscles of the head or neck outside the skull. These muscles or blood vessels may swell, tighten or be stimulated to put pressure on the nerves, so that the nerves will send painful messages to the brain, which will lead to headaches.
Babies also have headaches. Parents always think that adults will have headaches. In fact, babies also have headaches, but he still can't express clearly. According to medical statistics, about 90% school-age children have experienced headaches, and the incidence will increase with age.
1, Preliminary Analysis of Headache Causes
Headaches are not uncommon in children. They may be mild or severe, temporary or persistent, or recurrent. Because of the different parts and accompanying symptoms, we must combine the medical history, physical examination and necessary auxiliary examination to make a comprehensive analysis to find out the reasons.
2, baby headache signal
Headache can't be expressed or described clearly, and it is easy to be ignored by adults, so parents must pay attention to the tiny signals of baby headache. When a young baby has a headache, he will cry, hit him on the head or hit him on the head. A baby who can express may say that he has a headache, pointing to his head and saying that he hurts here, and so on. Long-term headache may affect appetite, sleep and study, and some babies may even have developmental retardation or behavioral deviation. Therefore, when the baby has a suspected headache, you can ask a specialist to check it, because further evaluation is very important for the effective treatment of the baby's headache.
To help your baby relieve headache and deal with it, it is up to the doctor to judge the cause of the headache. However, most common headaches can be relieved by home care and avoiding medication. You can let the baby:
(1) Lie down in a cool, dark and quiet room. Put a cold wet towel on his forehead or eyes.
(2) Relax and take a deep breath slowly.
Don't take medicine at will until the exact cause of headache is found out. The use of over-the-counter painkillers can temporarily relieve headache symptoms, but it may affect the correct diagnosis. It is best to consult a doctor before taking the medicine.