Traditional Chinese medicine can regulate the body's immunity, restore and enhance the immune system function of postoperative patients, and has synergistic attenuation effect with chemotherapy, especially the protective effect on digestive tract reaction and hematopoietic inhibition caused by chemotherapy, so it has been paid more and more attention not only in China but also in some developed countries in the world. For postoperative patients with colon cancer, Chinese medicine generally adopts the methods of invigorating qi and spleen, clearing away heat and detoxifying. According to the results of syndrome differentiation, it can also be combined with the method of dredging collaterals and dispersing stagnation. The specific medication varies from person to person, and individualized treatment is carried out according to different stages of illness, different constitutions and different syndromes.

(1) Chinese patent medicines

1. cinobufotalin injection: cinobufotalin 20ml+5% glucose 500ml, once a day, can be used alone or in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

2. cinobufotalin oral liquid: 10 ~ 20ml/ time, taken orally three times a day, combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, has the functions of alleviating the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, maintaining liver and kidney functions and protecting bone marrow. For advanced patients who cannot tolerate radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it can also be used alone.

(2) Treatment based on syndrome differentiation.

1. damp-heat accumulation type; Pulsatilla soup.

Pulsatilla 30g Cortex Fraxini 15g Rhizoma Coptidis 3g Cortex Phellodendri 9g Caulis Sargentodoxae 15g Herba Patriniae 15g Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 15g Herba Portulacae 15g Flos Hibisci 12g Radix Actinidiae 30g.

2. Stasis toxin internal resistance type: Gexia Zhuyu decoction is modified.

Peach kernel 9g safflower 9g Radix Paeoniae Rubra 9g Radix Angelicae Sinensis 9g Rhizoma Chuanxiong 6g Oletum 9g Rhizoma Cyperi 9g Rhizoma Corydalis 15g Rhizoma Curcumae 15g Manicure 9g Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 30g

3. Spleen deficiency and qi stagnation type: Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction.

Radix Aucklandiae 6g Fructus Amomi 3g Radix Codonopsis 15g Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 12g Poria cocos 12g Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae 6g August Zagreb 12g Fructus Aurantii 9g Linderae 9g Green Sepals 9g Aquilaria 9g.

4. Spleen and kidney yang deficiency type: Lizhong decoction.

Codonopsis pilosula 15g fried atractylodes 12g stir-fried ginger charcoal 3g nutmeg 9g psoralea corylifolia 12g Schisandra 6g Evodia 3g aconite 6g cinnamon 3g.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) immunotherapy

It can improve the anti-tumor ability of patients and has developed rapidly in recent years, such as interferon, interleukin, transfer factor, tumor necrosis factor and so on. , and gradually widely used, not only can improve the immune ability of patients, but also can cooperate with chemotherapy.

Colon cancer is better after treatment, with a survival rate of over 50% for at least 5 years after radical operation, over 80% for early patients and only about 30% for late patients.

After colon cancer surgery, you should go to the hospital regularly for check-up and rehabilitation measures. The survival time after specific treatment is related to your physique, rehabilitation environment and postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

At present, the cause of colon cancer has not been really understood, and doctors have different views on whether colon cancer can be inherited.

A family was investigated abroad. In 75 years, * * * has more than 650 blood relatives, 96 of whom are patients with malignant tumors, most of which are colon cancer, accompanied by adenocarcinoma of other organs. It has been found that the risk of colon cancer among compatriots is five times higher than that of the general population; Family factors of colon cancer are more common than other digestive tract cancers. So many doctors believe that genetic factors are related to colon cancer.

food therapy

(1) Lingzhou

20 water chestnuts with shells, honey 1 spoon, and appropriate amount of glutinous rice. (1) Wash and mash water chestnuts, put them into a crock and add water to cook them into a semi-paste. ② Add appropriate amount of glutinous rice to cook porridge, and add honey to taste when porridge is cooked. Take it regularly, which is beneficial to the function of moistening the stomach and intestines.

(2) Chop the eggs with lotus root juice.

8 grams of ebony, eggs 1 piece, and proper amount of lotus root juice. Mix the dark plum kernel and lotus root juice, put them into eggs, seal them with wet paper and steam them. Twice a day, each time 1 dose, has the functions of promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding, cooling blood and hematochezia.

(3) Qumaigen Decoction

60 grams of fresh koji wheat root or 30 grams of dried root. Wash it with rice swill first, and add water to fry it into soup. Daily 1 dose has the effect of clearing away heat and promoting diuresis.

(4) Poria cocos eggshell powder

Poria cocos 30g, egg shell 9g. Melt Poria and egg shell, and grind into powder. Twice a day, each time 1 dose, with boiled water. This medicated diet has the function of nourishing liver and regulating qi, and can be used for patients with obvious abdominal pain and bloating, or radish porridge.

(5) Mulberry pork soup

50g of mulberry, jujube 10, and appropriate amount of lean pork. Mulberry is cooked with jujube, pork and salt until cooked. Often taken, it can tonify the middle warmer and replenish qi, and is used for people with small abdominal distension.

(6) Heidi soup

5 fresh lotus seeds, if there is no fresh lotus seeds, you can use dried lotus seeds instead and add a little rock sugar. Wash lotus seeds first, cut into pieces, add appropriate amount of water, decoct for 1 hour, then take soup and add rock sugar. Three times a day, this meal can be used for those who have the functions of clearing heat and cooling blood, stopping bleeding and hematochezia.

(7) Houttuynia cordata lotus seed soup

Houttuynia cordata10g. And 30 grams of lotus seed meat. Take it twice every morning and evening. It has the functions of clearing away heat, eliminating dampness, purging fire and detoxicating. Suitable for people in a hurry.

(8) Stewed large intestine with papaya

Papaya 10g, fat pig's large intestine 30cm. Put papaya into the cleaned large intestine, tie both ends tightly, and stew until cooked. Eating soup and intestines, this diet has the functions of clearing away heat and regulating stomach, promoting qi circulation and relieving pain.

(9) Leech seaweed powder

Leech 15g, seaweed 30g. Dry leech and seaweed are ground into fine powder and divided into 10 packets. 2 packets a day, taken with yellow wine, this meal has the functions of removing blood stasis, clearing away heat and detoxifying.

(10) Lingyiteng decoction

Water chestnut 10, coix seed 12g, fresh perilla 12g. Tear perilla into pieces, and then decoct with water and coix seed. 3 grams a day, clearing away heat and toxic materials, strengthening the spleen and promoting diuresis.

(1 1) Braised pork intestines with cinnamon and sesame.

50 grams of cinnamon, 60 grams of black sesame, and about 30 centimeters of pork intestines. After cleaning the pig's large intestine, put cinnamon and sesame into the large intestine, tie both ends tightly, add water to cook, remove cinnamon and black sesame and season. Eat soup and intestines. This meal can be used for patients with qi deficiency, small abdominal distension and frequent defecation.

(12) Rhubarb and Sophora japonica honey beverage

Raw materials: 4 grams of rhubarb, 30 grams of Sophora japonica, 0/5 grams of honey/kloc-,2 grams of green tea.

Method: First, remove impurities from raw rhubarb, wash it, dry it in the sun or dry it in the sun, cut it into pieces, put it in a casserole, add appropriate amount of water, boil it for 5 minutes, and then remove residues and leave juice for later use. Put Sophora japonica and tea leaves in a pot, add appropriate amount of water, boil, pour in raw rhubarb decoction, leave the fire, cool slightly, and mix well with honey while it is hot.

Usage: Take it twice in the morning and evening.

Efficacy: clearing away heat and toxic materials, cooling blood and stopping bleeding. This dietotherapy prescription is suitable for patients with colorectal cancer with hematochezia, scarlet blood and hematochezia after cancer operation.

(13) purslane Sophora japonica porridge

Raw materials: fresh purslane100g, Sophora japonica 30g, japonica rice100g, and brown sugar 20g.

Methods: First, fresh purslane was picked up, washed, blanched in boiling water pot, fished out, neatly packed and cut into pieces for later use. Sorting Flos Sophorae Immaturus, cleaning, air drying or sun drying, and grinding into fine powder for later use. Wash the japonica rice, put it in a casserole, add some water, and boil it over high fire. When the porridge is ready, add the fine powder of Sophora japonica, the crushed purslane and brown sugar, and then simmer until it boils.

Usage: Take it twice in the morning and evening.

Efficacy: Sophora japonica is cool and bitter, and has the functions of clearing away heat and blood, clearing liver and purging fire to stop bleeding. This dietotherapy prescription is suitable for hematochezia and scarlet caused by patients with colorectal cancer.

Syndrome differentiation treatment of traditional Chinese medicine

Heat-toxic hyperactivity type

clinical picture

Abdominal distension and pain, frequent defecation, pus and mucus in stool, loss of appetite, yellow greasy fur and thready pulse.

Dietotherapy medicated diet

1, hawthorn Tianqi porridge: 20 grams of hawthorn, 5 grams of Tianqi (ground), 60 grams of japonica rice, honey 1 spoon, add appropriate amount of water, and cook porridge twice a day.

2, sea cucumber fungus pig intestine soup: 60 grams of sea cucumber, fungus 15 grams (water hair), pig intestine 1 about 50 cm (washed and cut into small pieces), boiled and seasoned.

3. Xiang Lian stewed pork intestines: Radix Aucklandiae 1 0g, Radix Chuanxiong 6g, pork intestines1segment (washed) 30cm, and Radix Notoginseng 5g. Put Radix Aucklandiae, Rhizoma Coptidis, and Radix Notoginseng together into the fat sausage, tie both ends tightly, stew the intestines with water, and take medicine and soup to eat the fat sausage.

Qi stagnation and blood stasis type

clinical picture

Abdominal distension and pain, hard abdominal mass, dark purple or purulent stool, or acute and heavy interior, dark purple tongue or ecchymosis, thin yellow fur, thin and astringent pulse.

Dietotherapy medicated diet

1. Pig blood crucian carp porridge: pig blood 200g, crucian carp 100g, rice 100g. Scaled crucian carp, removed intestinal impurities and gills, cut into small pieces, and cooked porridge with pig blood and rice. 65438+ 0-2 times a day.

2. Water chestnut, coix seed and notoginseng lean broth: water chestnut 15 tablets, coix seed 20g, notoginseng rice 5g, lean meat 60g (chopped), boiled until cooked, and salted.

Yin deficiency of liver and stomach

clinical picture

Abdominal pain is faint and the lump is palpable. Dry stool is granular or small and flat, with bitter taste and dry mouth, anorexia or vomiting, red tongue and rapid pulse.

Edible medicated diet

1, auricularia auricula+0.5g (water hair), daylily 30g, silky fowl 1 (about 500g) to remove hair and viscera. Stew black-bone chicken for 1 hour first, then add black fungus and water lily leaves until everything is cooked and rotten, and add salt to taste as seasoning.

2. Fairy porridge: 60 grams of raw Polygonum Multiflori Radix, 0/00 grams of japonica rice/kloc, 6 red dates (denuded), and appropriate amount of brown sugar. Decoct Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Take the thick juice, remove the residue, and put glutinous rice and red dates into a casserole to cook porridge. When the porridge is ready, add brown sugar to taste and cook for a while.

3. Shuangshen Zhuxu Soup: Codonopsis pilosula 30g (finely cut and wrapped with gauze), sea cucumber 200g (soaked), kelp 50g, pig spine 50g (finely cut), appropriate amount of water, boiling with strong fire, simmering for 3h, seasoning with salt, removing Codonopsis pilosula residue, and eating meat with soup.

Dietary principles and requirements of colon cancer

First, diet therapy.

The main physiological function of colon is to absorb water and store food residues to form feces. The glands of colonic mucosa can secrete thick mucus, which is alkaline and can neutralize the fermentation products of feces. When colon cancer occurs, physiological function is destroyed, defecation function and general condition are affected, and symptoms such as diarrhea, defecation difficulty and weight loss appear. If you still don't pay attention to diet, eating some indigestible foods and cancer-promoting foods will aggravate the progress of colon cancer and make the whole body fail. Patients with colon cancer must pay attention to their daily diet.

Studies have proved that high-fat diet can promote the occurrence of intestinal tumors, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids, which can reduce blood lipid but promote cancer. Cholesterol itself does not cause cancer, but at the same time it reacts with cholic acid, which can promote cancer, indicating that cholic acid is a cancer-promoting factor. Therefore, patients with colon cancer should not eat too much fat, the total fat accounts for less than 30% of the total heat energy, and the proportion of animal and vegetable oil should be appropriate. In other words, in a day's meal, including the amount of fat in the food itself, plus cooking oil, the daily fat should be below 50 grams. Some friends are afraid of coronary heart disease and control animal fat very strictly. They often take vegetable oil as the main ingredient, and even don't eat animal oil, which will cause too much peroxide in the body. Because the carbon chain in vegetable oil is unstable and easy to oxidize, if you eat some animal fat properly, it will make the carbon chain stable and not easy to oxidize, and reduce the formation of free radicals in the body. Therefore, we must eat scientifically and pay attention to the reasonable proportion of oil. It is suggested that the ratio of saturated fatty acids to polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids is 1: 1: 1.

Pay attention to eat more vegetables rich in dietary fiber, such as celery, leek, cabbage, radish and other green leafy vegetables. Vegetables rich in dietary fiber can stimulate intestinal peristalsis, increase defecation times, and take away carcinogenic and toxic substances in feces. If colon cancer bulges into the intestinal cavity and the intestinal cavity narrows, it is necessary to control the intake of dietary fiber, because excessive intake of dietary fiber will cause intestinal obstruction. At this time, digestible, soft and semi-liquid foods should be given, such as millet porridge, lotus root powder thick soup, rice soup, porridge, corn porridge, egg soup and tofu. These foods can reduce the irritation to the intestine, pass through the intestinal cavity smoothly and prevent intestinal obstruction.

Patients after colon cancer surgery should follow the doctor's advice to eat and drink like other patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Diet should start from soft, gradually adapt to the body, and then add other diets. Be careful not to eat too much fat, and mix with sugar, fat, protein, minerals, vitamins and other foods reasonably. There should be cereals, lean meat, fish, eggs, milk, various vegetables and bean products every day, and the amount of each should not be too much. Only in this way can we supplement all kinds of nutrients needed in the body. If you can't eat normally in the early postoperative period, intravenous fluid replacement should be given priority to. Pay attention to strengthening nursing and diet nutrition after operation to promote the recovery of patients.

In the early stage of intestinal cancer, stool changes often occur, sometimes constipation, sometimes diarrhea and bloody stool. Some patients have constipation and diarrhea alternately. Therefore, patients with early colorectal cancer should pay attention to adjusting their stools and eat more foods with more crude fiber in their diet, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, bananas and vegetables. But the processing should be careful to avoid the stimulation of the tumor site by too rough food. Foods rich in cellulose can make the stool have real capacity, which can not only prevent constipation, but also prevent diarrhea to some extent and ensure regular defecation every day.

Patients with advanced colorectal cancer have intestinal stricture due to the growth of malignant tumor invading the intestine, which blocks defecation to varying degrees and reduces food intake. At this time, we should pay attention to giving patients foods rich in nutrition and low in crude fiber, such as eggs, lean meat, bean products, flour and rice, and young leaf vegetables. And told patients to drink more honey water and eat more bananas and pears, among which honey has the best laxative effect.

Patients with intestinal cancer should not eat spicy food. Peppers, peppers and other foods have a stimulating effect on the anus and must not be eaten.

Second, one-day recipes for example (postoperative recovery period)

Breakfast: millet porridge (50 grams of millet), corn flour cake (50 grams of corn flour) and Chinese cabbage (50 grams of Chinese cabbage).

Meal: 1 apple (200g apple).

Lunch: steamed stuffed bun (50g eggs, Chinese cabbage 100g, celery 100g, flour 100g) and soup (50g tomatoes, 50g cucumbers and starch 10g).

Meal addition: make a small bowl of lotus root starch 1 (lotus root starch 30g, sugar 10g) and 2 vegetable biscuits (flour 20g).

Dinner: 50 grams of rice porridge (50 grams of rice), steamed bread (50 grams of flour), mixed tofu (North tofu100g), and steamed garlic mixed with tomato sauce (eggplant100g).

Meal: Sweet milk (fresh milk 250g, sugar 5g) and cake 50g.

10g edible oil, 6g salt.