1. Stamp collecting refers to the collection, arrangement and research of stamps and philatelic products. Stamps are known as "national business cards". When issuing stamps, every country will choose the best, most beautiful, most representative or memorable things in its own country, and display them on the stamps after careful design. It covers politics, economy, culture, military and other aspects, and all walks of life have everything, making the small stamp between squares an all-encompassing museum and a small encyclopedia with rich knowledge.
2. Types of stamps and philatelic products
Commemorative stamps are commemorative stamps issued by major events, important people, etc.
Ordinary stamps can be used for a long time, printed many times, with large circulation and various denominations, and are suitable for all kinds of mail.
Foreign special stamps generally refer to stamps printed for special functions and uses.
Military stamps refer to stamps specially issued by the State Post Bureau to soldiers and their families for free or low-cost delivery to troops, or ordinary stamps stamped with special files of military post offices.
Airmail stamps are stamps specially used for sticking airmail. Mostly airplane patterns.
Parcel stamp A stamp issued by the postal department for mailing parcels.
Welfare stamps stamps issued by the postal department to help social welfare undertakings or charities raise funds.
Lack of funds is a certificate that postal departments should pay additional postage when they find that the sender has not posted or posted enough postage in the mail and recover the arrears from the owed object.
It was impossible to punch holes in non-porous stamps before the invention of non-porous stamp punching machine, or due to the limitation of conditions.
Due to special circumstances or considerations, the face value of a stamp without face value is not indicated on the front of the stamp, but is filled in when it is sold.
Printing In some specific cases, a printed or non-printed piece is properly printed with words or face value and temporarily used as a new printing.
Official Stamps Official stamps are stamps used by government agencies to pay for official mail.
Electronic stamps are sold by vending machines printing stamps of different denominations according to different postage, also called automatic stamps.
The exchange of stamps is the exchange of special stamps, also known as the exchange of printing paper.
Glowing stamp This stamp can glow in a dark room because it is coated with a special material.
A souvenir sheet is a set of stamps printed on the same piece of paper.
The stamp sheetlet can be the same as the original stamp, or it can be designed separately, and the face value can be different from the original stamp.
There are many kinds of stamps, including registered stamps, telecom stamps, news stamps, insurance stamps, telephone stamps, savings stamps, tax stamps, receipt stamps and so on.
Three. Elements of stamps
A stamp generally consists of elements such as pattern, face value, name of issuing country, engraving and perforation.
Fourth, the standing tools for collecting stamps.
1. Tweezers
Step 2: Magnifier
3. Tooth measuring ruler
Protective bag
5. Philatelic documents The philatelic catalogue records the issuing time, price, name, serial number, specifications, stamp quantity, circulation, designer, stamp pattern, etc. of the collected stamps. According to it, stamps can be collected and sorted purposefully, and activities such as identification, research and appreciation can be carried out. Stamp collecting magazines are an important way to know the latest news, master the latest research results, broaden your horizons and increase your knowledge.
In addition, stamp albums, inserts and stickers are all indispensable supplies for collecting and sorting stamps.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) stamp collection and identification
There are two kinds of stamp collecting, one is collecting stamps according to national and regional catalogues, and the other is collecting stamps according to special topics. Theme stamp collecting can be based on the stamp pattern or the date of issue, or you can choose the theme according to your major, hobby, stamp source, etc. After choosing the stamp collecting method and theme, you can collect stamp products purposefully.
Getting stamps is nothing more than ordering or buying stamps from stamp companies, buying stamps in the postal market, collecting stamps from mail and exchanging stamps with others. When buying stamps from the postal market and exchanging stamps with others, you must have certain identification ability to avoid being cheated.
The most stamps in the world
The world's first stamp 1840 was issued by Britain on May 6th. The design is a profile of Queen Victoria of England, with a face value of one penny and a black stamp, commonly known as "black penny".
The world's earliest commemorative stamp 187 1 was issued by Peru to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the opening of the earliest railway in South America (Lima-Laikaluma). Some people think that 1893, the sixteen stamps issued by the United States in memory of the navigator Columbus are the first set of commemorative stamps in the world.
The world's earliest airmail stamp 19 17 was issued by Italy. It is printed with three lines of words from ordinary stamps. Air mail test,1965438+May 2007, Turin-Rome-Turin.
The earliest unpaid stamp in the world, 1945, was issued by the former Dutch bream (now Indonesia). Others think that 1859 was first published in France.
The world's earliest parcel stamp 1879 was issued by Belgium. Others believe that it was issued by Italy in 1884.
The world's earliest express stamp 1885 was issued by the United States.
The world's earliest charity stamp 1897, issued by New South Wales (now a state in Australia), has a face value of a penny and a half, but it was sold at a price 20 times higher than the face value, and all the proceeds were used for charity. It is also said that 1905, during the Russo-Japanese War, the stamps issued by Russia to help orphans of fallen soldiers were the earliest charity stamps.
The world's earliest official stamp 1854 was issued in Spain.
The world's earliest newsprint stamp 185 1 was issued by Austria. The face value is not marked on the face, but can only be distinguished according to the different colors.
The world's earliest military stamp 1898 was issued by Turkey. Others believe that 190 1 was issued in France.
The world's earliest registered stamp 1865 was issued by Colombia. Others believe that it was issued by 1888 Panama.
The world's earliest Christmas stamp 1898 was issued by Canada.
The world's earliest insurance stamp 1865 was issued by Colombia.
The world's earliest printed stamp 1879 was issued by Turkey. It is stamped with the words "printed matter" and can also be used as newsprint stamps.
The world's earliest convertible stamp 1884 was issued by the Netherlands.
The world's earliest barometric mail stamp 19 18 was issued by Italy.
The world's earliest maritime postal stamp 1850 was issued by the Turkish navy. It is used to pay the postage for the mail delivered by naval vessels. There is no face value, only the words "postage paid", and the amount must be filled in the stamp.
The world's earliest telecom stamp 1864 was issued by Prussia.
The world's earliest pro-stamp 1937 was issued by Czechoslovakia (two kinds). Put it on the mail and let the recipient accept it personally.
The world's earliest braille stamp 1979 was issued by Brazil. There are two kinds of Braille on the face, which are issued as charity stamps.
The world's earliest Sunday stamp, 1925, was issued by Bulgaria and was specially used for posting letters on Sundays. Its income is used as the maintenance fee of the postal staff sanatorium.
The world's earliest denomination-free stamp 190 1 to 1903 was issued by Babacos. Its face value was filled in with a pen when it was sold.
The earliest postscript stamps in the world were issued by Belgium at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century. At the bottom of the ticket are a pair of tickets with the words "No delivery on Sunday" printed on them.
The world's earliest wordless stamp 1874 was issued by Austria. There is only one "messenger" head on the ticket. This ticket is specially used to deliver newspapers.
The world's earliest triangular stamp 1853 was issued by the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa on September 2nd. Design is a goddess, symbolizing the Cape of Good Hope.
The world's earliest circular stamp 1852 was issued by India.
The world's earliest oval stamp 1886 was issued by Mexico.
From 1963 to 1964, Tonga and Sierra Leone successively issued banana-shaped and topographical special stamps.
The world's earliest coil stamp 1908 was issued by the United States. It prints thousands of stamps on a long piece of paper, then rolls them into coils and sells them one by one in the ticket vending machine.
The earliest promissory note 1895 in the world was issued by Luxembourg. It was introduced to Britain on 1904, and then it was imitated by other countries.
The world's earliest metal stamp 1955 was issued by Hungary to commemorate the 25th anniversary of its aluminum industry. The pattern shows a plane passing through the metallurgical industrial zone.
The world's earliest silk stamp 1958 was issued by Poland to commemorate the 400th anniversary of its postal service. This design is an ancient mail car.
The world's earliest three-dimensional plastic stamp 1969 was issued by Bhutan to commemorate Apollo's landing on the moon, with a total of seven stamps. The picture shows the rocket landing on the moon.
The world's earliest record stamp 1973 was issued by Bhutan. It is made of plastic, and there is a pocket-sized compressed record outside the stamp. The name and face value of the country are near Central Park, and Bhutan's national anthem and folk songs are recorded outside.
The world's earliest phosphorescent stamp 1957 was issued by Britain. After being irradiated by the ultraviolet lamp in the letter sorting machine, the surface of the stamp shows bright phosphorescence.
The earliest fragrant stamps in the world were issued by Cuba in the 1950s. It is made by mixing oranges, fennel seeds, lemons and other spices.
The world's earliest leaf stamp 1982 was issued by Gabon on the occasion of the 22nd National Day. It uses a special process to print the pattern on the leaves of Okumi.
The world's earliest electronic stamp 198 1 1 was issued by the Federal Republic of Germany on February 2.
The world's largest stamp 1979 10 was issued by Marshall on1October 30th. It is one hundred and sixty millimeters long. 1 10 mm wide. It is bigger than an ordinary envelope and has a face value of 75 cents. The pattern is a bird's eye view of the island. There is a line printed on the top of the stamp: "Let peace come to the earth".
The world's smallest stamp 1856 was issued by mecklenburg Sprehn Bem in northern Germany. The specification is 9×9 mm, because it is not practical, it will soon be abandoned.
The longest stamp in the world, 19 13, was issued in China. The size is 247.8 1×69.89 mm. The highest value stamp in the world is 1946. 16 On July 3rd, Hungary was issued due to economic collapse, with a face value of 50,000 billion pongo.
The world's smallest stamp 1946 is issued by Hungary, with a face value of only 0/6 cents per thousand dollars/kloc-0.
The most expensive stamp in the world, 1856, is issued by British Guiana with a face value of one cent. Because it is an orphan handed down from generation to generation. When 1980 was auctioned in the United States, the price was $850,000, and with tax, the buyer actually paid nearly one million dollars.
The most widely distributed commemorative stamp in the world, 1932, accounts for two-thirds of the bicentennial stamps issued in the United States, and * * * issued 4,222198,300 pieces.
The earliest university stamps in the world were issued by Oxford University and Cambridge University from 187 1 to 1886. It was used to transfer books and credits between schools, but it was stopped because of the intervention of the post office.
The world's earliest self-adhesive stamp 1964 was issued by Sierra Leone. The adhesive on the back of this stamp doesn't have to be wet. When you use it, just take off the protective paper on it.
The largest private stamp collection in the world, collected by Maurice Burroughs of France, was sold at auction for $3.25 million.
The largest national stamp in the world. This is the stamp collection of the British Museum. Royal Mail has a collection of 400 volumes, valued at more than $2.5 million.
The stamps with the most languages in the world are United Nations stamps. Stamps are usually marked in Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian.
The world's earliest "ticket in the ticket" 1940 was issued by Mexico. The design is the world's first stamp "Black Penny". Others believe that it is a stamp issued by 1935 Portugal.
The country with the largest number of "residual votes" in the world is Afghanistan. During the period from 1870 to 1892, the post office in Afghanistan did not use the postmark to sell tickets, but tore a hole or some new stamps by hand. These "residual tickets" are very precious now.
The World's Earliest Exhibition of Metal Reproduced Stamps Since June 1980, the International Postmaster General's Association has issued a set of silver reproductions of the world's earliest stamps, including 73 kinds (including a silver ticket of China "Dragon"), which are reproduced as they are and gilded. The back of the stamp is stamped by the association, and the stamp introduction is attached.
The earliest postmark in the world is 166 1. The postmark was first used by the British Post Office and designed by Henry Bishop, then the post secretary. The date and the moon are marked in lowercase letters in this small garden. Later, the philatelic community called this postmark "Bishop Postmark". 1840 After issuing stamps in Britain, it is used to stamp stamps with the postmarks of other knights. The postmark is stamped on the edge of the envelope.
The world's earliest souvenir sheet 1937, held the Paris International Stamp Exhibition and issued a souvenir sheet. The world's earliest musician stamp 19 19 was issued by Poland. The design is Padlevski. He is the Prime Minister of Poland, as well as a pianist and composer.
The world's earliest detective stamp 1979 was issued by San Marino. A full set of * * * five pieces, the patterns are the heads of famous detectives in five novels. The first is Sherlock Holmes.
The world's earliest Olympic stamp 1896 was issued by Greece for the first Olympic Games. A full set of twelve tickets with twelve designs related to the ancient Olympic Games.
The world's earliest map stamp 1887 was issued by Panama. The design is the territory of Panama, but the country name printed on the stamp is Colombia, because Panama was then a province of the Greater Colombia Federation. The world's earliest Antarctic stamp 1933 was issued by the United States to commemorate Major General Bird's second polar aviation expedition.
The world's earliest animal stamp 185 1 was issued by Canada. A beaver is printed on the stamp.
The world's earliest ship stamp 1847 was issued in Trinidad, South America. It was designed according to the steamboat "Madame Merrio".
The world's earliest national flag stamp 1895 was issued by South Korea.
The world's earliest red cross stamp 1889 Portuguese red cross stamp has no face value.