First, carefully edit the teaching content and cultivate students' divergent thinking.
It is necessary to choose teaching content that is conducive to stimulating students' curiosity and mobilizing students' learning enthusiasm and initiative. Bacon said, "Curiosity is the bud of knowledge." Therefore, the teaching content should be novel and interesting, fully arouse and stimulate students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning, which is helpful to cultivate and protect students' learning week and confidence. Use scientific, reasonable and interesting teaching methods to attract students and let them learn actively. Inspire them to express their desire for beautiful things and creative impulse. It is often said that interest is half the battle, and the teaching contents, teaching forms, teaching methods and means should be rich and vivid. Teachers should carefully select and edit the content, reform the traditional teaching content, teaching methods and teaching mode, make use of colorful modern teaching facilities and technical conditions, and strengthen the enlightening and interesting learning content to meet the requirements of the development of the new era.
It is necessary to choose content that is conducive to cultivating students' knowledge transfer and divergence. In art education, "art is a way to achieve a goal, not an end. The purpose of art education is to make people more creative in the process of creation, no matter where this creativity will be applied. If a child grows up, he will get higher creativity from his aesthetic thought and apply it to his life and career, then an important goal of art education will be realized "(Rothfeld), which depends on whether it is conducive to the development of students' comprehensive quality, the cultivation of students' creative ability, the improvement of students' personality quality and the transfer of knowledge. The arrangement of courses should be flexible, giving students room to give full play to their imagination. Guide students into the teaching plan, and don't force them to choose freely. For example, in the course of "Skillful Hands", students are guided to develop rich imagination and draw various patterns based on their hands, and students are interested in painting. The teacher arranged red, yellow, green, purple and other pigments in the front with a cuvette, without any special instructions, but told the students to go to the front to get them if necessary. At this time, the classroom is immersed in an atmosphere of joy and freedom. The students have a lot of whimsy, and some draw two big cocks with red faces according to their hands. Their big tails are really beautiful, with red, yellow and green stripes and colorful. Other students drew a white dove that only symbolizes peace. The white feathers of the dove are as beautiful as the pure hearts of the students. At this time, a little girl who is usually inconspicuous in class appears in the students' sight. She walked slowly to the front of the painting, rolled up her small sleeves and held out her small hand. Her left hand was painted big red and her right middle finger was painted green. The teacher walked behind and returned to her seat, only to find her left hand printed on the paper with a little red handprint. The teacher was puzzled and didn't know what she would do next. I saw that she put the middle finger of her right hand on the red handprint, and the teacher suddenly realized, wow, what beautiful flowers! Red flowers and green leaves are really beautiful. The scene of the noodle team caused ripples in the teacher's heart. What clever students and beautiful pictures! I was deeply moved. At the same time, the teacher's heart also poured out a feeling-shame. At that time, the teacher just wanted the students to decorate the picture, but he didn't expect that he could "draw" such an imaginative picture in this way. The teacher thinks he has a heavy burden. For another example, in the class of "singing, reading, doing and passing on", I tried to collect some pictures of Peking Opera masks and costumes on the Internet with my laptop and put them on the TV in the classroom. Students are interested. The contents of the liaison class ask questions, impart knowledge and assign homework. Students are very enthusiastic about doing things and thinking. In the lesson of "colored lines", I drew a straight line on the blackboard and asked everyone: What can this be? The students' answers were colorful: some talked about telephone poles, bamboo flutes and a wall, while others talked about zebra crossings, fluorescent lamps and sausages. The classroom atmosphere is lively and the students are overjoyed. This allows students to think without any restrictions.
Second, attach importance to the development of teachers' own quality.
Innovative teachers should take the lead in implementing innovative education in art education. Teachers' innovative spirit plays a vital role in cultivating students' innovative ability. On the one hand, teachers shoulder the responsibility of imparting technical knowledge and cultivating artistic ability to students in the teaching process. Teachers' teaching ideas, teaching methods adopted, classroom atmosphere created and standards for evaluating students will have a great impact on students' innovative ability. On the other hand, teachers' own innovative quality also plays an exemplary role in cultivating students' innovative quality. If teachers have a great sense of innovation and constantly show the tendency of innovation in teaching activities, then students' innovative ability will be stimulated and promoted invisibly. Therefore, teachers should change from imparting knowledge to guiding students' learning methods. Teachers should integrate the new concept of students into teaching and give full play to students' subjective initiative. In teaching methods, teachers should enhance the interest of teaching, create a lively classroom atmosphere, and regard the teaching process as a process of sharing experiences between teachers and students. In terms of teaching methods, teachers can adopt the methods of teacher-student interaction and equal participation in classroom teaching. Classroom teaching can be divided into the following steps: First, freestyle painting: For example, in class, teachers can first show model paintings, guide students to observe, and then ask them to think independently and paint according to their own ideas. Teachers can also use language, action, visual demonstration, physical objects, audio-visual teaching and other means to stimulate students' inner spiritual awakening. The second is guided painting, which is rational painting, and attaches importance to acquired training, which is the stage of absorbing knowledge. The key here is to teach students how to live. For example, when drawing the underwater world, teachers can first show students videos about the underwater world, let them know about the creatures in the ocean, and then let them close their eyes and draw their own imagination on paper. Using this method can not only stimulate students' imagination, but also keep their innocent nature and basic characteristics, which is helpful for us to better understand their psychology and cultivate their innovative consciousness. Third, for understanding painting: this is the stage of developing students' understanding. From sensibility to understanding, from routine to creation, lies in guidance and development. Children's imagination is extremely rich, guiding students to learn painting attentively, and returning the acquired consciousness to the innate subconscious.
In the teaching process, art teachers should also organize students to adopt the methods of cooperation and group learning as much as possible, cultivate students' ability of cooperation and communication, and mobilize each student's learning potential and enthusiasm. Teachers can also create teaching situations according to students' age characteristics, guide students to choose their favorite forms to create according to their own interests, hobbies and specialties, and then combine the works into a complete cooperative product, learn from each other, cultivate students' collective concepts, and make the classroom atmosphere more harmonious. Harmonious teacher-student relationship and classroom atmosphere can make students more willing to actively participate in learning, which will make the classroom more lively.
Third, carry out various forms of extracurricular activities, and use the "discovery method" to stimulate each student's interest in learning and exploration, and to stimulate and improve their innovative ability.
Carrying out colorful extracurricular activities in a planned and organized way is not only to broaden students' knowledge horizons, but more importantly, to further highlight students' dominant position in learning, strengthen students' sense of ownership, stimulate students' strong interest in learning, and encourage students to carry out activities creatively, so as to comprehensively improve students' various practical abilities and improve their comprehensive quality. A series of extracurricular activities should be carried out. Suhomlinski said: "There is a deep-rooted need in people's hearts, that is, to be a researcher, explorer and discoverer. This demand is stronger in the inner world of children. " In the past, the spoon-feeding teaching method based on "teach-accept" has exposed its disadvantages. As the main body, students must actively participate in learning and discover knowledge by themselves. Whatever they can do, they should be allowed to do it by themselves. We should respect students' individual differences and pay attention to the cultivation of students' subjective consciousness. "Where students can think for themselves, they should be allowed to think for themselves, think for themselves and explore for themselves." Advocate the practicality of teaching, encourage students to ask questions in class, operate by hands, seek discovery and creation in practice, be enthusiastic about the principle of "learning by doing, playing in learning and blending scenes", and advocate liberating students' brains and hands in interesting and situational teaching, learning by doing, playing in games and experiencing through experience. It shows that the remarkable feature of curriculum reform is to design teaching links with "exploration and attempt" as the core. Let students really experience the fun of learning and the art of playing in "doing, learning and playing". For example, when talking about lying hand-made "flying paper", you can let them fully experience it while playing with the paper and find the problem of paper rotation. For example, "Why can't my notes turn?" Then guide the children to find the problems in their notes by comparing with their peers and draw the conclusion that "small notes must have wings". At the same time, we will guide students how to turn a wingless note into a series of production processes, so that students can try it themselves, find out their own shortcomings in the attempt, and then modify it themselves to get better and more perfect results. The teacher changed from a translator to a tour guide. Students change from a listener to an active operator. And try to make teachers become students and let students be teachers to teach. Another example is the lesson of "Beautiful Feathers", which can be integrated into the new lesson with many holes. In the key description of feather characteristics, you should look for feathers before class and use "look" in class. The teaching method of "touch and play" allows students to actively participate in the learning process, stimulate students' interest in exploration and activate their creative thinking. Just as the poem vividly illustrates the internal relationship between hand and brain and creation: "People have two treasures, hand and brain, and only by hand and brain can they create. "It is necessary to cultivate students to gain personal experience through independent participation in learning activities, and gradually form a psychological tendency of being brave in questioning, being willing to explore and striving for knowledge in daily study and life, and stimulate positive desire for exploration and innovation. Another example is: extracurricular sketching, excellent homework exhibition, going out to visit, holding special lectures, interest group activities, etc. Through these activities, students' enthusiasm for learning is high, and their innovative ability is fully tapped and brought into play. For example, in the lesson Picturesque Autumn, after teaching the basic sketch techniques, I led the students out of the classroom to sketch, and the students drew their own unique works by adding, moving and sketching. And made a special exhibition on campus, and the response was enthusiastic.
Fourth, establish a scientific and correct evaluation mechanism to encourage, support and promote innovation.
Scientific and reasonable evaluation can promote and improve students' learning enthusiasm. Evaluation should enable students with different innate qualities, different intelligence levels and different personality characteristics to develop through artistic activities, so that each student can fully feel the joy and pride brought by success, so that students can establish self-confidence and consciousness in their studies; Teachers should never look at students' art works from an adult's perspective, let alone take "cleanliness and neatness" and "likeness" as the standard of measurement, otherwise students will lose their interest in learning art and their sense of freedom in creation. The childhood experience of the famous Walter Disney is worth learning. In elementary school, he painted the flowers of the teacher's homework "potted flowers" into human faces and the leaves into hands. This magical fantasy was not praised, but was beaten by the teacher, which almost made the artist die early.
Evaluation should encourage exploration and innovation, put an end to boredom and repetition, and attach importance to the cultivation of personality. The book Learn to Live written by UNESCO points out that "in the process of creating artistic forms and beautiful feelings, we gain aesthetic experience, which are two ways for us to perceive this eternal world. Just like the ability to think clearly, one's imagination must also be developed, because imagination is the source of artistic creation and scientific invention. " Naisbitt, a famous futurist, pointed out: "In the era of knowledge economy, what we need most is creativity." So I treat students' homework like this: first, whether they have a sense of innovation, second, whether they draw well, and third, whether they draw seriously or not; Late submission of homework is allowed, and quality is important; Homework will be reviewed face to face without going into the office. After the homework is assigned in each class, the last homework will be reviewed. In this way, we can affirm the success of the work in person, point out the shortcomings of the work, even modify the plan ourselves, and discuss it between teachers and students or praise it on the spot.
Fifth, cultivate students' innovative thinking in evaluation.
Art teaching evaluation is an important link to promote students' all-round development, improve the quality of art teaching and cultivate students' innovative thinking. Display and evaluation of students' art works. Artistic works express the author's feelings and wishes through material materials. Compared with teachers, students know each other's hobbies better, communicate feelings more easily, and understand the connotation of their works of art better.
In Mr Yao's "funny funny stories" class, the works of each group of students are displayed on a small shelf. Students finish their own works first and enjoy others' works like exhibitions. Students communicate while watching, which is conducive to equality and self-confidence of all students. What is more commendable is that in such a rare environment and opportunity, all students can get an open communication environment and opportunity to feel, discuss, learn, communicate, understand and trigger.
Mr. Tao Xingzhi said: "Let's emancipate our eyes, throw away colored glasses, look at the facts and look at the future;" Emancipating the mind and pulling off the headscarf of the spirit can make sense and think far; We should open our mouths, enjoy freedom of speech, talk about everything and tell the truth; Emancipate your hands, throw away your contact gloves, operate boldly and forge ahead: liberate space, free students from the birdcage of culture and fly to nature, and the big society will look for and capture them. "Let us dare to explore children's innovative ability, promote the harmonious development of students' personality with the subjective spirit of Hongyang people, and strive to cultivate innovative talents.
On how to cultivate students' innovative ability in art classroom teaching The purpose of art education is to cultivate students' subjective ability and personality by stimulating and awakening students' subjective consciousness, and to participate in their own development process with a positive attitude and promote the cultivation of creative ability. As art teachers, we must carry out creative teaching according to the needs of social development and students' needs, and then cultivate students' innovative ability.
How to cultivate students' innovative ability in art classroom teaching. Teaching goal is the soul of teaching activities, which has the function of guiding, regulating, encouraging and evaluating the teaching process. Effective teaching depends to a great extent on teachers' understanding and grasp of teaching objectives. Teachers can better understand and grasp the teaching objectives and focus on the teaching objectives in classroom teaching, which can minimize randomness, blindness and fuzziness and improve the pertinence, pertinence and effectiveness of teaching.
How to effectively improve students' perception and image in art classroom teaching shows that the spatial distance between teachers and students greatly affects the intensity and time of students' active participation in teaching. Therefore, teachers can take the initiative to walk around the classroom to get close to the students behind them, thus shortening the psychological distance between teachers and students and creating conditions for all students to actively participate in classroom teaching.
How to cultivate and improve students' innovative ability in English classroom teaching? In the teaching process, teachers should clearly put forward and explain the significance and importance of the subject content, and also understand what practical problems can be solved by the knowledge they have learned through life examples, so that they can feel the ubiquity of mathematics in life, realize the importance of mathematics learning, and stimulate and cultivate correct learning motivation.
How to effectively improve and develop students' image perception and thinking ability in art classroom teaching is one of the values of art curriculum in the nine-year compulsory education stage. Nowadays, students are under great academic pressure and have less after-school life. For students, there is little contact time after art class. How to use effective design and strategies in classroom teaching to improve students' perception and thinking ability of images has become particularly important.
How to improve students' reading ability in classroom teaching: First, pay attention to cultivating students' reading interest.
Interest is the best teacher. Cultivating students' interest in reading is a long-term and arduous task for Chinese teachers. While advocating students' independent reading, we should also teach them reading methods so that they can really enjoy reading.
First of all, recommend books according to the different periods of students' study. According to the investigation, students' interest in reading varies with age, years of study, gender, personality and psychological characteristics. Generally speaking, fairy tales, myths, fables and folktales are the main subjects in primary schools, while senior students are interested in biographies, legends and thrillers in addition to stories, which can be said to have entered the literary period. Girls generally like to read books with storylines, while boys are interested in history, geography, sports and science. Therefore, teachers can understand students' hobbies and introduce them in a targeted way. For example, when instructing students to read the article "Looking at the sky from a well", I prepared a picture of a related story by using the curious age characteristics of students. First, I show the pictures and ask the students to guess "What are the birds and frogs talking about?" The students talked about it one after another and expressed their opinions, which aroused their interest in reading and eager to read the stories of birds and frogs.
Secondly, make full use of the illustrations in the text to stimulate reading interest. The thinking of junior students is mainly intuitive thinking, and the understanding of abstract thinking needs the assistance of intuitive images. However, China's textbooks are rich in illustrations and vivid pictures. In reading teaching, according to the characteristics of students' thinking in images, skillfully using these illustrations is conducive to cultivating students' reading interest. For example, when studying the article "Spring", I first let students observe the illustrations and tell the characteristics of spring in order, and then encourage students to question and ask questions that they don't understand. I throw it to the students for discussion, and guide them with illustrations in time and then read the text. Let the students practice dialogue with their classmates during the discussion. The whole class is full of active atmosphere. Such doubts not only deepen students' understanding of the text, but also stimulate their interest in reading the text more easily.
Second, we should pay attention to the guidance of students' reading methods.
On the basis of cultivating students' interest in reading, strengthen the guidance and training of reading. The forms of reading should be diversified, such as example reading, guiding reading, individual reading, group reading and role reading. An article should also be read in various forms, rather than sticking to one method. If the form adopted is too simple, it will often inhibit children's creativity and expressiveness. However, the more reading forms of each article, the better. Teachers should be good at choosing interesting and acceptable forms for reading teaching according to students' reality, so as to improve students' reading ability. At the same time, teachers should also teach students the skills of reading aloud. Only by mastering the skills can students read expressive and infectious articles and their own feelings, thus deepening their understanding of the text and achieving the purpose of reading training. For example, when reading the seventh paragraph of The Little Gecko Borrows its Tail, let the students know who this paragraph is mainly about. What did they say? what did you say ? Then ask the students to read aloud in an appropriate tone according to this paragraph and the hints. Teachers can guide students to think: Why does mother say with a smile? Because he listened to the story of the little gecko borrowing his tail, he felt that the child didn't understand that his tail had the ability to regenerate, so there was no need to borrow it. At the same time, other people's tails are all useful and can't be lent to him. He loves the little gecko in his heart, so he said with a smile that he should slow down his reading and read his care and love with emotion. "The little gecko turned around and cried happily." Why did he "cry with joy"? Because he didn't borrow a tail after all the hardships, he turned around and found that he had another tail. What a surprise! Little gecko was overjoyed when he didn't know that his tail could regenerate. He reads loudly and speaks faster. The "new tail" should read the stress and the tone that he is excited about the regenerative ability of his tail. Another example is "The big, light and soft tail is like a parachute" in "The Squirrel's Tail", which requires us to show the characteristics of the big tail in reading aloud. I asked the students to connect with the reality of life and what is light and soft to arouse the feeling of "light and soft big tail", so the students read this sentence in a soft and gentle tone.
Third, develop the habit of thinking while reading.
Zhu once said: "There are three kinds of reading: heart, eyes and mouth." That is to say, in various forms of reading aloud, we should also pay attention to asking students to read with heart, eyes and mouth, rather than unconsciously, which requires cultivating students to develop the habit of thinking while reading. To cultivate the habit of thinking while reading, teachers should be good at asking questions and encourage students to explore. If students have doubts in their studies, it will arouse their curiosity Setting questions can induce students' thinking, attract students' thinking activities and speech activities to the problem situation, and make students concentrate on thinking about problems. At the beginning of training, the teacher can ask questions, so that students can read purposefully and consciously. When students understand what to think when reading the text, their thinking will have a clear purpose. The questions asked by the teacher should be moderate in difficulty, and students with different acceptance abilities are required to answer different questions. For example, when teaching "I want a gourd", we should solve the problem of "where is the fault of the gourd grower", and ask questions at different levels, so that students can discuss first: "Why did the small gourd grow well in the first place? Why did it turn yellow later? " Then lead the students to discuss: "What is the relationship between leaves and fruits?" Further question: "There are worms in gourd leaves. Why do gourd growers think it is unnecessary to destroy them? " Finally solve the problem: "What happened to the gourd grower?" Ask and ask in this way, so that students can understand the text while reading and thinking. Another example is to teach the fable "Look at the sky from a well". At the end of the article, only the frog teased the bird, and the bird asked the frog to jump out of the wellhead to see the outside world, but did not say whether the frog jumped out of the wellhead. So I instructed the students to imagine how the frog jumped out of the wellhead, what he saw when he jumped out of the wellhead, and will he return to the bottom of the well? Through imagination, students not only practiced speaking, but also understood the truth contained in the text.
Fourth, focus on accumulating and cultivating a sense of language.
"Chinese Curriculum Standard" clearly points out: "Chinese teaching should pay attention to the perception, accumulation and application of language, and improve students' Chinese literacy as a whole. "Language sense is people's correct, sensitive and rich feelings about language and writing, and it is a kind of ability to accumulate and grasp language and writing. Without accumulation, it is impossible to cultivate a good sense of language and to have real reading ability. Of course, it is impossible to learn Chinese well. Therefore, to learn Chinese well, accumulation is a key link. To implement this link, students should form the habit of reading books and newspapers, collect and exchange books and materials with their classmates, expand the scope of reading, broaden the reading channels, and accumulate their favorite idioms, aphorisms, quips, quips and other language materials during reading. The accumulation of these language materials will become a lifelong nutrition for students, and once used, students' reading ability will be greatly improved. In the process of accumulating a large number of language materials, students should also cultivate their good sense of language. Cultivating a sense of language is nothing more than guiding students to study hard and let them understand the author's writing intention in the process of reading. Without reading, it is impossible to cultivate a sense of language, just as without a swimming pool, it is impossible to learn to swim. For example, Guilin Landscape is beautiful in scenery and literary talent. It depicts the beautiful scenery of Guilin's mountains and rivers in a beautiful style and expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of loving the mountains and rivers of the motherland. In teaching, I let students read the text with music, let students watch the pictures of Guilin landscape, and let students who have personally visited Guilin landscape talk about their true feelings, thus stimulating students' love and yearning for Guilin landscape. On this basis, with music reading, performance and retelling, students can understand the characteristics of Guilin landscape in reading, imagine the beautiful scenery of Guilin in reading and enjoy the beautiful and spectacular pictures in reading, so that students will feel immersive and integrate themselves into beautiful words. This will not only deepen students' understanding and emotional taste of the text, but also promote the accumulation of language. From the perspective of language sense training, it will also train students to enrich and expand the ability of suite language.
How to improve students' innovative ability in primary school Chinese classroom teaching, teachers should not only grasp the conclusion of knowledge, but also understand the development of knowledge. Teachers should be good at creating inquiry situations, inducing hands-on operation, eye observation, brain thinking and oral expression. Explorers reap the joy of discoverers and winners. The aesthetician Rogers pointed out that teachers should form a good classroom atmosphere and participate in the whole teaching more fully and enthusiastically.
How to improve students' innovative ability in physics teaching, with the main connotation of improving people's quality, changing life style and cultural mode, especially developing children's innovative ability and improving scientific literacy, has become an important topic of education reform in 2 1 century. The new curriculum ideas and objectives have brought us opportunities and challenges. We should re-recognize and position our role, actively participate in the curriculum reform, and grow and progress together with the new curriculum reform.