The general principle of diet for patients with liver disease is: comprehensive nutrition, reasonable collocation and prevention of partial eclipse. Patients with liver disease should take enough vitamins, fats, carbohydrates and protein every day. Three meals a day should be reasonably matched, and meat and vegetables should alternate. Try to eat less spicy food and avoid the bad habit of partial eclipse. Drink a glass of milk every day, eat an egg, two or three pieces of lean meat (pig, cow, sheep, chicken, fish) and a piece of tofu, and exchange and match two kinds of vegetables (lentils, spinach, rape, celery, cucumber, mushrooms, fungus, etc.). Every day, eat two kinds of fruits (apples, pears, peaches and bananas). ). Try to avoid eating spicy hot pot, seafood, frying oil, animal offal and other indigestible foods. Meanwhile, we should give up drinking and smoking. Diet should eat some acidic vegetables and fruits, such as hawthorn, apricot meat, jujube, tomatoes and so on. In addition, mushrooms, fungus and other edible fungi are rich in polysaccharides, which is very beneficial to enhance the immune function of patients with liver disease. Green food is the best choice for protecting and nourishing liver. For fresh vegetables, patients can eat raw or cook soup and exchange it every day.

Patients with liver disease should also follow the principle of personalized diet according to their own priorities. For example, patients with liver cirrhosis mainly eat soft, cool and digestible foods, such as steamed bread, noodles, noodles, egg soup, ham sausage and so on. So as to avoid eating hard and overheated food, avoid getting angry and constipation, and avoid eating fried food, hard food (such as pancakes and radishes) and barbed food (such as carp, crucian carp and grass carp), because barbed food is likely to scratch patients' varicose veins. Patients with liver cirrhosis should not eat a lot of high-protein food in a short time, so as to avoid a sharp rise in blood ammonia concentration and cause liver coma. In addition to the above matters, patients with esophageal or gastric varices should avoid eating hard, crude fiber, fried, spicy and other foods that are difficult to digest, and should not eat too fast. Keep the stool unobstructed, don't use too much force to prevent varicose veins from bleeding. Patients with advanced cirrhosis should also pay attention to controlling high-protein diet to prevent hepatic encephalopathy.

Two simple prescriptions for nourishing liver and dietotherapy.

1. Therapeutic prescriptions for soothing liver, regulating qi, invigorating spleen and nourishing stomach: Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli 10g, Fructus Crataegi 9g, Poria cocos 10g, Coicis Semen 10g. One pair a day, after decoction, taken orally for 4 times, and the course of treatment is 2 months.

2. Therapeutic prescription for promoting blood circulation, nourishing yin, tonifying kidney and benefiting liver: Mulberry 10g, Ophiopogon japonicus 10g, Adenophora adenophora 9g, Placenta Hominis 9g and round meat 6g. One pair a day, after decoction, taken orally for 4 times, and the course of treatment is 2 months.

How to match the daily diet of patients with liver disease?

Common dietary collocation of patients with liver disease within 1 day.

60 grams of eggs-70 grams of eggs, quail eggs, and no more than 2 eggs containing essential amino acids.

Milk or dairy products 400 ml -500 ml low-fat milk, skimmed milk powder, yogurt and cottage cheese are rich in calcium, vitamins A and B2.

70 to 80 grams of lean meat, cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens, no meat, no skin, no bones. Protein and protein account for 0/6% to 25% of/kloc-.

70-90g of fish or shellfish, such as flounder, yellow croaker, shrimp, whitebait, cuttlefish, herring, carp, crucian carp, hairtail, clam snail and so on. , containing calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins A, B 1, B2, etc. , and contains 0.3%- 1 1% fat.

Beans or bean products tofu 159g-200g soybeans, cowpeas, peas, red beans, broad beans, etc. Dried beans, shredded beans, oily tofu, gluten and bean curd all contain plant proteins, and their unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial to lowering cholesterol. You must eat it every day.

Light vegetables add up to 350-400g of onion, cauliflower, bean sprouts, cabbage, aquamarine vitamins, mineral trace elements and fiber. Some fresh vegetables can be eaten raw after disinfection, while green beans and lentils should be cooked before eating.

Dark green vegetables such as spinach, string beans, lentils, rape, cauliflower, water spinach, green pepper, garlic sprout, celery, leek seaweed and Lentinus edodes, Undaria pinnatifida, laver, mushroom, Undaria pinnatifida, auricularia auricula, auricularia auricula, Hericium erinaceus, etc.

Potato 100g- 120g potato, yam, taro, sweet potato, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin B 1, c, etc. It is relatively stable after heating and should not be eaten too much.

400g-450g fruits, such as grapes, oranges, apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, pineapples and fragrant lychees, contain vitamin C, potassium and a lot of cellulose, so it is best to eat them fresh.

cereal

450 grams of rice

60 grams of bread

Rice, germ rice, millet, corn flour, dried noodles, flour, sesame and other staple foods needed for life provide calories and vitamin B groups, and are eaten regularly at each meal.

20 grams of sugar, white sugar, honey, maltose, take its sugar and sweeten it with it.

Soybean oil, peanut oil, vegetable oil, cream, salad oil, sesame oil and other 20 -30 grams of oil can promote the absorption of vitamins A, D, E and K, and the weight is normal.

Should not be used more.

avocation

Appropriate amount of cakes, biscuits, chocolates, melon seeds, walnuts, peanuts, various drinks, etc. Will increase the fun of life or eat regularly every meal according to the doctor's advice.

Note: Daily recipes can be combined according to the above food types and their target measurements, and adjusted with reference to the materials of food examples. Emphasize that protein, vitamins and trace elements should be ingested more than ordinary people. Conditioning methods should pay attention to cooking skills and control animal fat.

Patients with liver disease have dietary taboos.

Patients with fatty, sweet and spicy liver diseases have poor digestive function, and there are some problems in daily diet digestion. After eating greasy, sweet and spicy things, it is more likely to cause food accumulation in the stomach, which will cause excessive internal heat after a long time. Coupled with the evil of damp-heat in liver disease, the combination of two heat can lead to the aggravation of liver disease symptoms and affect treatment.

Too much fat, sweetness and taste can also make people fat. The three main metabolism of human body are in the liver. Patients with liver disease have decreased liver function, excessive fat intake, and fat particles are deposited on the surface of the liver, causing fatty liver and aggravating the condition. Excessive sugar intake can also easily lead to diabetes after hepatitis. Therefore, patients with chronic liver disease should pay attention to reasonable nutrition, and pay more attention to the rationality of diet on holidays.

Eat scientifically. The diet of patients with chronic hepatitis should be mainly high-protein plant food, and eat less animal protein and fat. Eat more vegetables and fruits containing vitamin C, such as spinach, apples and pineapples. In addition, foods with high vitamin K content, such as green tea, radish sprouts, Chinese cabbage, lettuce and so on. And foods rich in vitamin e, such as sunflower seeds, almonds and peanuts. , should also eat together. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the five flavors of sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty have their own affinity for the five internal organs. Acid enters the liver, bitter enters the heart, sweet enters the spleen, salty enters the kidney and pungent enters the lung. Long-term preference for a certain food will inevitably lead to the over-prosperity and over-decline of the corresponding viscera, as well as the over-prosperity or lack of nutrition between viscera, thus resulting in various diseases. If you eat some acidic food in moderation, it is good for your liver, but it also depends on your own situation. The dietary principle of traditional Chinese medicine is "tonic without delay", so it is very important for patients with chronic liver disease to have scientific diet aftercare.

Hepatitis B is a big three-yang disease, with active virus replication and strong infectivity. Pay attention to rest and personal hygiene, eat properly, avoid drinking, and check liver function every six months. Liver function (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) is less than double, which requires liver protection treatment, and more than double, which requires rest treatment. Transferred from the catering industry.

+-+-Approximate Big Three Yang

++++Hepatitis B virus replicates at a low level and is weakly contagious. Pay attention to rest, eat properly, avoid alcohol and liver function (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, less than one time need liver protection treatment, more than one time need rest treatment. Transferred from the catering industry. )

+++HBV carriers, whose replication basically stops, are basically non-infectious, pay attention to rest, eat reasonably, avoid alcohol, and check their liver function regularly (once a year).