What festivals do Li people have? 1. The Li nationality is an ancient nationality in southern China. They mainly live in Baoting, Changjiang, Baisha, Lingshui, Ledong, Dongfang and Qiongzhong autonomous counties in Hainan Province, Sanya and Tongshi (changed from 200/kloc-0 to Wuzhishan), and the rest are scattered in Haikou, Wanning, Tunchang, Qionghai, Chengmai and \ In addition, there are some Li ethnic groups in Guangdong, Guangxi and Guizhou provinces. According to the 2000 census, there are 12478 14 Li people, including1172181person in Hainan province.
Most festivals of Li nationality are the same as those of Han nationality, including Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Winter Festival and April 8th. In addition, there are many traditional festivals with their own national characteristics.
Brief introduction of Li nationality's customs, gathering places and major festivals;
Banquet Etiquette Li people in Hainan Province have a set of food etiquette for their guests. When having a meal, give it to the male guests first, and then to the female guests. The host and the guest sat opposite each other. When inviting wine, the host first raises the wine bowl with both hands, indicating to the guests that he is inviting wine, and then drinks the wine himself. Then, the valve rice wine was presented to the guests one by one. After the guests finished drinking, the host gave everyone a bite of meat and vegetables as a sign of respect. Usually, the host only drinks with the guests, but does not accompany them to eat, for fear that the guests are embarrassed to eat.
Reconciliation Etiquette In the Li nationality area of Hainan Province, there is a reconciliation etiquette, which is called "Richa" in Li language, which means "to give a good face". If both warring parties want a truce, they will each send a widow to act as a mediator. At the same time, both sides also have a representative. The widow first put some copper coins into a basin of clear water, and the representatives of both sides took the copper coins out of the water and wiped their eyes. Then, take each other's money and throw it away. Finally, propose a toast to each other to show reconciliation.
Sowing etiquette Li people in Hainan usually plant early rice around the vernal equinox in February of the lunar calendar and late rice around beginning of autumn in July. Before transplanting rice seedlings in each season, Woodenhead should first pick shoots with green leaves and hang them at home. Then Wood's wife puts on new clothes and a new skirt. Early in the morning, she planted 100 seedlings in the field corner, with leaves and rattan leaves beside them, indicating that the rice soul had been taken. After that, ordinary women in the village can plant rice seedlings in the fields. On the first day of transplanting rice, Wood and his wife can't rest in bed during the day, and they can't talk when they meet others on the road. It is believed that staying in bed during the day will slow down the speed of women transplanting rice; Talking with outsiders will leak news and take away good luck, which is not conducive to rice growth.
Funeral etiquette in Hainan Li nationality, when the patient is dying, the family still has to feed water and rice to show filial piety. After the death of a loved one, a gun was fired to mourn, and relatives and friends discussed the funeral ceremony together. Relatives and neighbors in the village carry pigs and pick wine to help. Wash the dead and put on new clothes. You must wear them backwards. If the deceased is a woman, she should also put black ash on her face to show her diligence before her death, which will be welcomed in the underworld.
The custom of Li nationality is that it is unlucky not to make a coffin before death. After death, the two brothers went up the mountain to cut down trees to make coffins. According to Li's habit, coffins are divided into four classes. The first-class coffin is made of fine wood, such as litchi, black ink and mountain silk. The user's funeral is to kill cattle, and the other three are to kill pigs. The second kind is made of bark, the third kind is a bamboo coffin made of bamboo, and the fourth kind is an open bag cushion coffin.
Li people in Hainan hold folk ancestor worship activities on the 14th day of the seventh lunar month every year. On this day, every family kills chickens to buy meat, and cuts five-color paper into paper clothes to sacrifice to their ancestors. In the evening, every family put a few sticks of incense in front of the door by their children to pay homage to their ancestors who were not sacrificed.
Sacrificial ceremonies for rice, male rice and female rice. Every year, when the rice is ripe, Li people hold ceremonies to sacrifice rice, male rice and female rice. Starting from the "fear of elegance" (the person who takes the lead in ploughing), each field is tied with four grains of rice, symbolizing the rice man and the rice woman, and a small rice ball is placed on the table, begging the rice man and the rice woman to eat enough and take care of the rice on their behalf, so as to bless the bumper harvest and the safety of all villagers. Rice men and women are generally kept by Weiya and placed on the lower floor of the barn. After the harvest in the second year, they can make wine and give it to everyone.
Li people mainly live in seven counties and two cities, such as Qiongzhong County, Baisha County, Changjiang County, Dongfang City, Ledong County, Lingshui County, Baoting County, Wuzhishan City and Sanya City, in the south-central part of Hainan Province, and the rest are scattered in Wanning, Tunchang, Qionghai, Chengmai, Danzhou and Ding 'an cities and counties in Hainan Province.
Introduction of major festivals: March 3rd (the third day of the third lunar month) is the largest traditional folk festival of Li nationality in Hainan province, and it is also a beautiful day for Li youth. Also known as love story and love story day, it is called "Fu Nian Fu" in Li language. It is held on the third day of the third lunar month every year. It is a traditional festival for the Li people in Hainan to mourn their hardworking and brave ancestors and express their yearning for love and happiness.
What are the customs of the Li nationality during the Spring Festival? The situation of Li nationality celebrating the Spring Festival is basically the same as that of Han nationality.
1, before the Spring Festival, every family will eat New Year's Eve dinner, brew New Year's wine and make lanterns (that is, a kind of rice cake). Lamp leaves can be stored for a period of time, that is, they become very tough. They can be sliced with a sharp knife and then baked or fried, which has a special flavor.
On New Year's Eve, we began to worship our ancestors, eat New Year's Eve and drink New Year's wine.
3. On the first day, you should stay at home behind closed doors, and on the second day, you should go out to visit relatives and friends, or go hunting in the mountains, or touch shrimps in the river, and hold various festivals with ethnic characteristics until the fifteenth day of the first month.
What are the traditional festivals in Hainan? Spring Festival; the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
If we introduce them in chronological order, we should first introduce the Spring Festival of Hainan people. Hainan's Spring Festival customs, which are deeply influenced by the Central Plains culture, are similar to those in the mainland, but influenced by Nanyang's "sea" culture in the exchange and development of history and culture, Hainan people's custom of celebrating the Spring Festival has gradually formed its own characteristics.
In the eyes of Hainan people, all folk customs are artificially created according to people's will and will. Therefore, in Hainan dialect, all folk behaviors begin with the word "do", such as doing Qingming and working as a wife (that is, getting married), while northerners "celebrate the New Year" and Hainan dialect calls it "do the Year". It should be noted that "Chinese New Year" means "Chinese New Year", that is, celebrating the Spring Festival. In the north, New Year is celebrated, while in Hainan, it is called "New Year".
Hainan people like to be lively and pursue a warm atmosphere, and setting off firecrackers is the best way to create this lively atmosphere. In Hainan, if anyone sets off the most firecrackers this year, the harvest of this family will be very good, and the harvest next year will be even better. The custom of Hainan people in the Spring Festival is to buy a few shad, steam them on New Year's Eve and save them until the second day of the first month to worship their ancestors. In order to celebrate the bumper harvest in the past year, Hainan people want to tell their ancestors that this year's harvest is the best, and the reunion dinner during the New Year is the most abundant. They eat big, fat chickens and have leftovers. Therefore, Hainan people will choose the biggest and fattest chicken when they worship their ancestors on New Year's Eve. By the next day, the fish had been stored at home for two days, and the chicken had just been eaten, which means more than a year. In Wenchang, almost every household has the habit of making "sugar cakes". The raw materials for making sugar cakes are very rich, including peanuts, sesame seeds, popcorn, sand red and so on. On New Year's Day, neighbors pay New Year greetings to each other, and all take out sugar cakes to entertain them, wishing each other a sweeter New Year than sugar. Hainan people also have a unique habit, that is, when visiting relatives and friends, they must bring their own sugar cakes. If they go home to pay New Year's greetings, they must bring their own sugar cakes and wish them a better harvest and a sweeter life in the new year. In order to pray for good luck, Hainan people still don't forget to put some big oranges on the platform of ancestor worship.
Junpo Festival
The largest folk festival in the northeastern cities and counties of Hainan. Junpo Festival is called the temple fair of Hainan people. After New Year's Day, February to March in the lunar calendar is the season for Hainan people to make trouble with military women. According to historical records, the Military Women's Day in Hainan is divided into "public period" and "women's period", and the "public period" is divided into "public period" and "small public period", which is a traditional folk activity to sacrifice ancestors and historical figures, mainly to commemorate the national hero Mrs. Xian. This traditional festival spontaneously produced by the people has a history of 1300 years. The way of commemoration remains unchanged from generation to generation, which is both mythical and shows the great achievements of historical figures. Festivals usually last for four days. On holidays, thousands of people from Haikou and Qiongshan go to the Xianfuren Temple in Xinpo Town of Qiongshan to worship. The worshippers burned incense and prayed in front of the statue of Lady Xian, and then received a flag of Xiaoling in Bai Tong and brought it back. There are 5 1 Xianfuren Temple in the whole province, and there are sacrificial activities where there are temples.
According to "Qiongshan County Records", for thousands of years, "there are endless prayers for hundreds of miles. Every Christmas, the four parties come together, and there is little space in the city." It can be seen that the excitement of the ancient military slope festival is no different from today. In memory of Mrs. Xian's folk custom, it will last for generations.
Hainan Island Flower Festival
On the fifteenth day of the first month of each year, some places in Hainan still retain folk festivals like Flower Festival. Today's Flower Festival comes from the previous custom of changing incense in Hainan Lantern Festival. In the past, there were no street lamps. In order to facilitate walking at night, people are used to lighting with a lighted candle. People in Lu Yu who don't have incense gave him some. Sometimes they meet friends, exchange incense sticks and say a few words of blessing to each other, which has evolved into a special way for people in Hainan Island to express their feelings. Later, with the appearance of electric light, people gradually found that flowers are more representative of the soul, light and flexible, and can avoid being burned by the flame of incense sticks when people are crowded, so they strongly advocated using flowers instead of incense sticks and branches and leaves. Since then, on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, a large number of people, regardless of nationality and age, will flock to government towns to attend the flower show. One flower stall after another. Girls and boys have flowers in their hands. If they meet a satisfied opposite sex or friend on the road, or take a fancy to the flowers in another person's hand, they will take the initiative to meet them, exchange flowers with them and wish each other well. This person can offer to exchange flowers with each other. Under normal circumstances, one party cannot refuse the other party's request for flower exchange. Mutual assistance >>
What are the customs of the Li nationality? Li nationality is a nation that advocates etiquette, and etiquette plays an important role in Li society. Rites are rich in content and involve many aspects of production and life.
Banquet Etiquette Li people in Hainan Province have a set of food etiquette for their guests. When having a meal, give it to the male guests first, and then to the female guests. The host and the guest sat opposite each other. When inviting wine, the host first raises the wine bowl with both hands, indicating to the guests that he is inviting wine, and then drinks the wine himself. Then, rice wine was presented to the guests one by one. After the guests finish drinking, the host sends a bite of meat and vegetables to everyone's mouth to show respect. Usually, the host only drinks with the guests, but does not accompany them to eat, for fear that the guests are embarrassed to eat.
Reconciliation Etiquette In the Li nationality area of Hainan Province, there is a reconciliation etiquette, which is called "Richa" in Li language, which means "giving lust". If both warring parties want a truce, they will each send a widow to act as a mediator. At the same time, both sides also have a representative. The widow first put some copper coins into a basin of clear water, and the representatives of both sides took the copper coins out of the water and wiped their eyes. Then, take each other's money and throw it away. Finally, propose a toast to each other to show reconciliation.
Sowing etiquette Li people in Hainan usually plant early rice around the vernal equinox in February of the lunar calendar and late rice around beginning of autumn in July. Before transplanting rice seedlings in each season, Woodenhead should first pick shoots with green leaves and hang them at home. Then Wood's wife puts on new clothes and a new skirt. Early in the morning, she planted 100 seedlings in the field corner, with leaves and rattan leaves beside them, indicating that the rice soul had been taken. After that, ordinary women in the village can plant rice seedlings in the fields. On the first day of transplanting rice, Wood and his wife can't rest in bed during the day, and they can't talk when they meet others on the road. It is believed that staying in bed during the day will slow down the speed of women transplanting rice; Talking with outsiders will leak news and take away good luck, which is not conducive to rice growth.
Funeral etiquette in Hainan Li nationality, when the patient is dying, the family still has to feed water and rice to show filial piety. After the death of a loved one, a gun was fired to mourn, and relatives and friends discussed the funeral ceremony together. Relatives and neighbors in the village carry pigs and pick wine to help. Wash the dead and put on new clothes. You must wear them backwards. If the deceased is a woman, she should also put black ash on her face to show her diligence before her death, which will be welcomed in the underworld.
The custom of Li nationality is that it is unlucky not to make a coffin before death. After death, the two brothers went up the mountain to cut down trees to make coffins. According to Li's habit, coffins are divided into four classes. The first-class coffin is made of fine wood, such as litchi, black ink and mountain silk. The user's funeral is to kill cattle, and the other three are to kill pigs. The second kind is made of bark, the third kind is a bamboo coffin made of bamboo, and the fourth kind is an open bag cushion coffin.
Li people in Hainan hold folk ancestor worship activities on the 14th day of the seventh lunar month every year. On this day, every family kills chickens to buy meat, and cuts five-color paper into paper clothes to sacrifice to their ancestors. In the evening, every family put a few sticks of incense in front of the door by their children to pay homage to their ancestors who were not sacrificed.
Sacrificial ceremonies for rice, male rice and female rice. Every year, when the rice is ripe, Li people hold ceremonies to sacrifice rice, male rice and female rice. Starting from the "fear of elegance" (the person who takes the lead in ploughing), each field is tied with four grains of rice, symbolizing the rice man and the rice woman, and a small rice ball is placed on the table, begging the rice man and the rice woman to eat enough and take care of the rice on their behalf, so as to bless the bumper harvest and the safety of all villagers. Rice men and women are generally kept by Weiya and placed on the lower floor of the barn. After the harvest in the second year, they can make wine and give it to everyone.
Love story March 3, the most important festival of Li nationality.
The festivals of the Li nationality are closely related to their calendars. Before liberation, the festivals of the Li nationality were mostly based on the lunar calendar in neighboring Han areas and areas where Li and Han nationalities lived together, and the festivals were similar to those of the Han nationality. For example, Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Ghost Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Winter Solstice and New Year's Eve. As far as Li nationality is concerned, the most grand and common festivals are Spring Festival and March 3rd.
Traditional festivals of all ethnic groups, major festivals of ethnic minorities in China.
Holiday time in major countries
Achang
On June 25th of the lunar calendar, the De 'ang Torch Festival.
Water-splashing Festival, April 15th of the lunar calendar.
Ten Dongxiang ethnic groups celebrate Huijie Festival in September of the lunar calendar.
Holy Day * * * Calendar March 12.
Water-splashing Festival on February 29th, Eid al-Fitr on September 30th.
The first day of the seventh lunar month, Eid al-Adha, and the tenth day of December.
Dong people on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.
Lulong Festival is from June to September in the lunar calendar.
Bai (ba)
March Street, March 15th, Dong Nian, November 19th.
Torch Festival, June 24th, Bull Run Festival, February.
Yutan will have New Year's Eve dinner on August 15th of the lunar calendar, from June to July of the lunar calendar.
Bonan i.
Holy Day * * * teaches Dulong March 12.
Katuiwa lunar calendar in the middle and late October.
Eid al-Fitr * * * calendar September 30th, Russian.
Easter in March and April in the solar calendar.
1February 10 is Eid al-Adha.
The Spring Festival is the first day of the first lunar month.
Brown
Ewenki nationality is on December 15th of Dai calendar.
Mikulu Festival, the 22nd day of the fifth lunar month.
Gaoshan nationality in the closing ceremony on September 15th in Dai calendar.
New year in December of the lunar calendar
The Gelao people celebrate the Water-splashing Festival on February 19th of the lunar calendar.
Lantern Festival, the first day of the first lunar month
Buyei (BY)
On the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, the Gelao festival falls on the third day of the third lunar month.
March 3, the third day of the third lunar month, the first day of the New Year, and the sixth and seventh lunar months.
Lahu people are on the first day of the eighth lunar month.
Kuzha Festival Dai calendar March
Korean nation
The first day of the first lunar month, Torch Festival, June 24th of the lunar calendar.
Shangyuan Festival, the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar, New Year, and December of the Dai calendar.
Cold food festival of Li nationality in the fifth day of the fourth lunar month.
The third day of the third lunar month.
On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, Dragon Boat Festival.
Harvest Festival in September of the lunar calendar
Hani ethnic group
October Festival, the first day of the tenth lunar month, Bathhouse Festival, and the third day of the first lunar month.
June Festival Lunar June 24th China Lunar New Year.
kazakh
The holy day is March 12, and the sword and pole festival is the eighth day of the second lunar month.
Eid al-Fitr * * * September 30th.
Xu Dulong Festival in February in Tibetan calendar
Eid al-Adha * * * Religious calendar1February 10 Lund Tibetan calendar April.
Hezhe ethnic group
The first day of the first lunar month of Hezhe nationality
Golden Festival on the 3rd day of 1 1 month/kloc-0.
***
Holy Day * * * Lunar March 12th Temple Fair Lunar April
On September 30th, Eid al-Fitr was taught to Jingpo people.
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
Christian calendar1February 10 Kirgiz Festival.
Holy Day * * * Calendar March 12.
Jino (JN)
Tieda Festival Lunar 1 Month Eid al-Fitr * * * September 30th.
Torch Festival Eid al-Adha * * *1February 10.
(geography)
Haji lunar calendar, the tenth day of June, the first day of the first lunar month.
the Mongol nationality
The traditional festivals in Mongolia mainly include the Lunar New Year, and the Mongolian language is "Chagan Saren", that is, Bai Yue. Mongolian New Year Festival, also called "White Festival" or "Bai Yue", is closely related to the whiteness of milk. In addition, there are Nadam, Horse Milk Festival and so on.
Korean nation
Its festivals are basically the same as those of the Han nationality, mainly including Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Senior Citizen's Day. There are also three family festivals, namely, the baby's first birthday, the family festival (60th birthday) and the wedding festival (60th wedding anniversary). Children, relatives, friends and neighbors will bless and celebrate the old man's birthday whenever he returns to festivals and wedding festivals in Jia Jia.
put on
The main festivals of the Dai people are the Songkran Festival, the Closing Festival and the Opening Festival, which are all related to Buddhism.
a surname
Dongxiang people, like other ethnic groups with religious beliefs, have three major festivals every year, namely Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Holy Day, all of which come from the religion of * * *.
Brown
Hounan Festival is an annual grand festival of Bulang people, which is held on the seventh day after Tomb-Sweeping Day in March of the lunar calendar, that is, April in the solar calendar 13- 15. During the festival, the main activity is to throw water at each other, and the ceremony is held in full accordance with the primitive traditional way of the Bulang people-the custom of welcoming Japan, so people call it the Festival of Welcoming Japan.
Female (female)
The main festivals are: Spring Festival, which is called "Jigamu" or "Sisi Festival"; Fairy Festival, also known as Flower Festival, is a traditional festival of Nu people living in Gongshan area, which lasts from March 15 to 17 every year. Sacrificing to the Valley God, angrily calling you "You are", formerly known as Bijiang County ... >>
What are the living habits of the Li nationality? Li nationality is a nation that advocates etiquette, and etiquette plays an important role in Li society. Rites are rich in content and involve many aspects of production and life.
1, banquet etiquette
Hainan Li nationality has a set of food etiquette for entertaining guests. When having a meal, give it to the male guests first, and then to the female guests. The host and the guest sat opposite each other. When inviting wine, the host first raises the wine bowl with both hands, indicating to the guests that he is inviting wine, and then drinks the wine himself. Then, rice wine was presented to the guests one by one. After the guests finish drinking, the host sends a bite of meat and vegetables to everyone's mouth to show respect. Usually, the host only drinks with the guests, but does not accompany them to eat, for fear that the guests are embarrassed to eat.
2. Reconciliation etiquette
In the Li nationality area of Hainan Province, there is a kind of reconciliation etiquette, which is called "Richa" in Li language, which means "to give a good face". If both warring parties want a truce, they will each send a widow to act as a mediator. At the same time, both sides also have a representative. The widow first put some copper coins into a basin of clear water, and the representatives of both sides took the copper coins out of the water and wiped their eyes. Then, take each other's money and throw it away. Finally, propose a toast to each other to show reconciliation.
3, sowing etiquette
Li people in Hainan usually plant early rice around the vernal equinox in February and late rice around beginning of autumn in July. Before transplanting rice seedlings in each season, Woodenhead should first pick shoots with green leaves and hang them at home. Then Wood's wife puts on new clothes and a new skirt. Early in the morning, she planted 100 seedlings in the field corner, with leaves and rattan leaves beside them, indicating that the rice soul had been taken. After that, ordinary women in the village can plant rice seedlings in the fields. On the first day of transplanting rice, Wood and his wife can't rest in bed during the day, and they can't talk when they meet others on the road. It is believed that staying in bed during the day will slow down the speed of women transplanting rice; Talking with outsiders will leak news and take away good luck, which is not conducive to rice growth.
4. Funeral etiquette
In Hainan Li nationality, when the patient is dying, his family still has to feed him with water to show filial piety. After the death of a loved one, a gun was fired to mourn, and relatives and friends discussed the funeral ceremony together. Relatives and neighbors in the village carry pigs and pick wine to help. Wash the dead and put on new clothes. You must wear them backwards. If the deceased is a woman, she should also put black ash on her face to show her diligence before her death, which will be welcomed in the underworld.
The custom of Li nationality is that it is unlucky not to make a coffin before death. After death, the two brothers went up the mountain to cut down trees to make coffins. According to Li's habit, coffins are divided into four classes. The first-class coffin is made of fine wood, such as litchi, black ink and mountain silk. The user's funeral is to kill cattle, and the other three are to kill pigs. The second kind is made of bark, the third kind is a bamboo coffin made of bamboo, and the fourth kind is an open bag cushion coffin.
5. Ritual etiquette
Li people in Hainan hold folk ancestor worship activities on the 14th day of the seventh lunar month every year. On this day, every family kills chickens to buy meat, and cuts five-color paper into paper clothes to sacrifice to their ancestors. In the evening, every family put a few sticks of incense in front of the door by their children to pay homage to their ancestors who were not sacrificed.
Sacrificial ceremonies for rice, male rice and female rice. Every year, when the rice is ripe, Li people hold ceremonies to sacrifice rice, male rice and female rice. Starting from the "fear of elegance" (the person who takes the lead in ploughing), each field is tied with four grains of rice, symbolizing the rice man and the rice woman, and a small rice ball is placed on the table, begging the rice man and the rice woman to eat enough and take care of the rice on their behalf, so as to bless the bumper harvest and the safety of all villagers. Rice men and women are generally kept by Weiya and placed on the lower floor of the barn. After the harvest in the second year, they can make wine and give it to everyone.