1. Hosts with harmful characteristics include aquatic plants such as rice, water bamboo, water spinach and duckweed, and xerophytes such as sweet potato near the water area. After hatching, the eggs begin to bite aquatic plants such as rice, especially the tender parts. The main damage period is from transplanting to drying. It reduces the main tiller and effective tiller of rice, resulting in the reduction of effective panicle and yield.
2. Morphological characteristics This snail is a large aquatic snail with a shell appearance similar to that of a river snail. It has a spiral shell, which is big and brittle. The shell is right-handed and the spiral part is underdeveloped, and the spiral layer is generally 6 layers. The first layer of snail is bigger and flatter than snail, and looks like an apple, so it is named apple snail. The screw is oval and covered with cuticle protection. The head and abdomen can swim out of the shell for food. The head has a long horn and a short horn, and the eye point is on its short antenna. The color of snails varies with the environment and snail age, and young snails are generally gray; Snails are golden yellow, and there is a big "bubble" in the middle of the snail's back on the first floor, with the help of floating and breathing; Adult snails are mostly dark brown and shiny, with several thin longitudinal lines, and there is a thick lung straw on the left side of the snail body. The adult shell is thick, the shell height is 7cm, the larval shell is thin, the shell suture line sinks into the shallow ditch, and the shell navel is deep and wide. Oval, 2mm in diameter, pink to bright red at the beginning of spawning, and there is an inconspicuous white powder on the surface of the egg. Egg pieces are oval, with different sizes, eggs are arranged neatly, and the egg layer is not easy to fall off, showing bright red. There are only dozens of small pieces of eggs, and the big ones can reach more than 1000.
3. Living habits are 2-3 generations a year, with overlapping generations, and adult snails and young snails overwinter. Adult snails after wintering began to mate and lay eggs in mid-April, and young snails after wintering began to grow and mature in spring. Female snails don't lay eggs in water. When laying eggs, climb to a dry place above the water surface, such as stems, ditch walls, walls, ridges and weeds, lay eggs on the stems and leaves of aquatic plants and attach them. The egg period is usually about 10 day. The newly hatched larvae can crawl, fall into the water, gather in shallow water near the pool, or climb to wetlands and aquatic plants 2-3 cm above the water surface to swallow plankton, thus gradually adapting to life in water. After 3-4 months of development, the young snails are sexually mature. Except for laying eggs or migrating under unfavorable environmental conditions, they live in fresh water all their lives. In the case of drought, they close their shells and stay still for 3-4 months or longer. Each female snail can lay eggs many times. Generally, a mature female snail lays eggs every 5- 10 days. Eggs are pink and lay eggs for 20-90 minutes at a time. After laying eggs, they retract their abdominal feet and fall back into the water. One female snail can breed more than 0/000 young snails/kloc-on average, and more than 325,000 young snails can be bred in two generations a year, which is extremely fertile. Due to the overlapping generations, it is a burden from the value of the top four squid. There is a small spawning peak on 0- 15 days, and it stops spawning from the first half of June to 1 1 and gradually begins to overwinter.
Ampullaria canaliculata likes to live in fresh and clean water, often inhabiting the shallow water near the water, or adsorbing on the roots and leaves of aquatic plants in the water, or living outside the water for a short time. Its reliable and developed gastropods crawl on the bottom of the pool or attached objects and can swim slowly on the water surface, so it is very convenient for them to eat. Pomacea canaliculata is very sensitive to the change of environmental temperature. When the water temperature is about 28 degrees, it moves most frequently and grows fastest, and it can grow normally when the water temperature is 34 degrees in summer. However, when the water temperature drops below 12℃, the activity ability decreases obviously, and the water temperature of 8- 10℃ can safely overwinter. Ampullaria canaliculata is afraid of strong light, has little activity during the day and feeds on the water at night, so it is sensitive. In case the enemy hurts, it will sink to the bottom.
Pomacea canaliculata has a variety of feeding habits, likes plant feed and has a wide range of feed sources. The main feeds are duckweed, Chinese cabbage leaves, melon and fruit leaves, bran, maltose, corn flour and so on. Also eat a small amount of dead fish and livestock carcasses. Young snails mainly eat duckweed, humus and corn candy. In the field, snails are very big. When food is in short supply, they will harm rice.
The growth rate of Ampullaria canaliculata is related to environmental conditions, feed feeding, different growth stages and gender. In high temperature season, the water quality is good, the feed is sufficient and the growth is fast. On the contrary, the feeding capacity decreases and the growth slows down. The appendages of young snails grow faster, and the growth rate is relatively slow when the weight reaches100g. In addition, the growth rate of female snails is slightly faster than that of male snails. Under the condition of artificial breeding, feeding enough feed, the weight of newly hatched snails can reach about 25 grams a month, 50 grams two months, 3 months 100- 150 grams, 200 grams six months, and 400-450 grams a year.
Snails, also known as river snails and yellow snails, are produced in most areas of China, live in the sediments of lakes, rivers, swamps, ponds and paddy fields, usually crawl on underwater or wide-footed aquatic plants, and mainly feed on leaf juice and algae of aquatic plants.
Snail meat is delicious, fragrant, crisp and cheap when cooked. Its edible part contains protein 10.7g, fat10.2g, carbohydrate 4g, calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamine and various vitamins. There are many dishes with snails as the main raw material, and some of them are included in the restaurant menu, such as bad snails and fried quail with snails. Autumn is the season when snails breed the most.
Snails are not only delicious in meals, but also natural medicines. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that snails belong to Gastropoda mollusk, which is used as medicine with shell and meat. Snails are sweet, salty and cold. Into the heart, spleen and bladder meridian. "Notes on Materia Medica" records that snail "facilitates defecation, eliminates abdominal fever, beriberi, abdominal induration, red urine and edema of hands and feet".
There are many prescriptions of snail medicine commonly used by the people, and their main effects are: treating otitis media, proctoptosis, eczema in children, toxic swelling of hot sores, vomiting due to fever, systemic edema, damp-heat jaundice, stomachache and acid regurgitation, rickets in children, bacillary dysentery and urinary retention.
To put it simply (according to my personal observation for many years): Ampullaria gigas lays eggs; Snails lay eggs-that is, you can tell whether snails lay eggs or small snails by distinguishing them-if they lay eggs, they are long-lived snails; Snails are snails! ! !