1, Nurhachi
Qing Taizu Aixinjue Luo Nurhachi (1February 2, 5591-1September 30, 626) was the founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the founding king of the later Jin Dynasty. At the age of twenty-five, he began to unify the ministries of Jurchen, and Ming Shenzong Wanli was forty-four (16 16).
Nurhachi's military career lasted for 44 years. Historically, he was an excellent military commander. In military strategy and command art, he concentrated his forces and conquered the city one by one, attacking the city from the inside, fighting with iron horses and making a quick decision, which reflected his superb wisdom.
In the Battle of Salhu, he adopted the strategy of "Let's go several ways, and I will only go one way", that is, "Concentrate our forces and divide them one by one", which became a classic example in the military history of China.
His achievements in military organization, military training, military command and military art are remarkable.
Especially in the art of operational command, he can skillfully use and give play to many military principles, such as attaching importance to reconnaissance, making good use of Nurhachi's imperial sword, luring the enemy into depth, setting an ambush according to risks, skillfully using suspected soldiers, driving and riding, concentrating forces, dividing troops into one place, gathering forces in one place, making a quick decision, using inter-line tactics, and combining internal and external forces.
2. Huang taiji
Huang taiji (1592165438+1October 28th-1643 September 2nd1), also translated by Huang taiji. Nurhachi, the eighth son of Aisingiorro, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, was an outstanding strategist and politician in the early Qing Dynasty, a late Jin Khan and a Mongolian Khan, and the founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty.
In the ninth year of Tiancong (the eighth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, 1635), on October 13th, Huang Taiji ordered the surname to be changed to Manchuria. In the tenth year of Tiancong (the ninth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty 1636), in April, Minister Baylor asked for the seal of Huang Taiji on the grounds that people were far away and the national conditions were growing, which was not allowed.
On April 5th of the same year, officials from Baylor of Manchuria, Erzhen of Gushan of Mongolia, Erzhen of Bagushan, Liushu Shangshu, Kong, Geng, Shang, Baylor of Mongolia, foreign governors, Manchu, Mongolian and Han officials and civil servants gathered together.
Dourgen holds a word table, Baddary holds a Mongolian word table, and Kong Youde holds a Chinese character table, leading Baylor's ministers and officials to kneel at the palace gate. Huang taiji is in the inner building, conveyed by the imperial guards. Huang taiji's life is full, and three Confucian ministers in Mongolia and Han hold the table. Minister Baylor knelt down and kowtowed, and the left and right columns stood by for orders.
Three Confucian ministers knelt before the imperial court to read the watch. Express praise for Huang Taiji's civil and military skills, obeying God's will and the people's hearts. Please be honored. All the instruments and things are complete, just waiting for permission. After listening to this, Huang Taiji agreed and vowed to be more diligent, concerned about the country and diligent.
The news came from the Confucian officials, and all the people kowtowed with joy. The next day, I decided to hold the Tang Jiyi ceremony on April 1 1. At that time, it will officially worship heaven and earth, and will be honored as "Emperor Kuan Wen Ren Sheng", and the name of the founding country will be Qing. In fact, it will change the post-Jin Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.
3. Fu Lin
Aisingiorro Fu Lin (1638 March15-161February 5th), the ancestor of the Qing dynasty (1643-16/in office). The ninth son of Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty was born in Yongfu Palace, Shenyang Forbidden City, and his biological mother was Bolzigit of sourdrang queen. Shunzhi, year number, reigned for eighteen years.
Fu Lin was an emperor who studied hard and worked hard to govern the country. In the study of ancient books, he was interested in Confucius, Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Youjian. From the ideological activities of these characters, he realized the truth of governing the country and the people, and formed his thoughts on governing the country. He really wants to do something.
4. Michelle Ye
Aisingiorro Michelle Ye (1654-1722,65438+February 20th), the fourth emperor of the Qing dynasty (161-kloc-0/722 reigned), was the second emperor after the Qing dynasty made Beijing its capital. Year number Kangxi.
Emperor Kangxi was the longest reigning emperor in the history of China. He won the wars against San Francisco and Russia, wiped out the Ming and Zheng regimes in Taiwan Province Province, and showed Kangxi's military command ability.
On the other hand, Kangxi defeated his political rival Ao Bai in his teens and used the "literary inquisition" to crack down on Han dissidents in his old age. Kangxi held "Duolun Meng Hui" to replace the war and Huairou Mongolian ministries; It is intended to guarantee the territorial control of Heilongjiang by the Qing government through treaties.
He started the prosperous period of Kanggan, was a wise monarch and a great politician, and some even called him "the emperor of the ages".
5. Yin Zhen
Yong Zhengdi (0678 1678 13 February -0735 18 10 month), namely, sejong of the Qing dynasty, the fifth emperor of the Qing dynasty and the third emperor after making Beijing his capital, was honored as Tutuoban in Chirade in Mongolia. The fourth son of Emperor Kangxi, whose mother is Empress Xiao Gongren, namely Wu Yashi, was born in Yonghe Palace in the Forbidden City.
Yong Zhengdi is as diligent as Emperor Kangxi in politics. Later generations collected 360 volumes of passbook approved by Zhu 13. During the Yongzheng period, "Diligence is the first, ruling the world" and "doing things in the morning".
6. Li Hong
Aisingiorro Hongli (17 1 1 September 25th-1February 7th, 799), the sixth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, was the fourth emperor after Beijing made its capital. The year number "Qianlong" means "Heaven prospers".
Emperor Qianlong was the king who ruled for the longest time in the world. Some people say that the creator of the ruling record should be attributed to Louis XIV, the French "sun king", but his actual ruling time is only 50 years. Emperor Qianlong held autocratic imperial power for 64 years and never shared it with others.
Emperor Qianlong is one of the luckiest kings in the world. First, he was in good health all his life, and he didn't encounter any great disasters. Secondly, he succeeded to the throne at the age of 25, and the process of obtaining the highest power was very smooth without any twists and turns.
Third, he ascended the throne at a just historical node. Before that, the rule of Shunzhi, Kangxi and Yongzheng for 9 1 year (1644 to 1735) had laid a good foundation for Li Hong.
7. Armadillo
Aisingiorro [yó ng yǐ n] (1760165438+1October13-65438+September 2, 2080), formerly known as Yan Yong, was the seventh emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and the Qing army entered. Jiaqing year, twenty-five years in office.
Compared with his parents and grandparents, Emperor Jiaqing was a mediocre son of heaven with neither political courage nor innovative spirit, nor political talent nor courage. The word "Yong" is the main character of Emperor Jiaqing.
Jiaqing was an era in which the Qing Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline: it inherited the "prosperous period of kanggan" of "making great efforts to govern, expanding the territory, striving for four specialties, and making great efforts to govern", and opened the "salty and declining world" of the Opium War, the signing of Nanjing, the allied forces entering Beijing and the emperor fleeing.
The internal contradictions in Qing society accumulated for 180 years, and Jiaqing emperor played the historical role of the Qing empire from its peak to its decline.
8. Yongning
Aisingiorro Yongning (1782.9.16—1850.2.25), formerly known as Mianning, was renamed Mianning after he acceded to the throne. He was the eighth emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the sixth emperor after the Qing Dynasty made Beijing its capital. He was the only emperor in the Qing Dynasty who succeeded to the throne as the eldest son.
During Ning Min's reign, he rectified the bureaucracy, consolidated the salt policy, opened the sea, put down the rebellion in Zhang Geer, banned opium, and managed government affairs diligently. However, his talent was limited, and social disadvantages were hard to return.
In the 20th year of Daoguang (1840), the Opium War broke out between China and Britain and China was defeated. In the twenty-second year of Daoguang (1842), he was forced to sign "treaty of nanking" which humiliated his power and country. In the following eight years, Yongning forbeared and refused to change, but domestic troubles and foreign invasion intensified, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement was also brewing, and the Qing Dynasty was in crisis.
9. Play games
Aisingiorro Yikun (1831July17-1861August 22nd) was the ninth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, the seventh emperor after Beijing was its capital, and the last emperor with actual sovereignty in the history of the Qing Dynasty and China.
He made great use of Han ministers, severely punished corruption, and the reform was stronger than that of Jiaqing and Daoguang monarchs. Among the emperors of past dynasties, the fate of Emperor Xianfeng was almost the worst.
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the largest peasant uprising in China's history, made him catch up. The 3000-year invasion of China by western powers brought him to the booth.
The decline of feudal society in China for thousands of years also met him. He was on a wrecked ship that had been sailing for 200 years. He has nowhere to hide, and he is duty-bound and powerless to return to heaven. He was saddened by this and hated it for life.
Zai Chun 10
Isingiro Zai Chun? (April 27th1856-1875 65438+10/2) namely, Mu Qingzong, the tenth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and the eighth emperor after the Qing Dynasty made Beijing its capital.
Among the twelve emperors of the Qing Dynasty, Zai Chun was indeed the youngest. The whole world is lamenting that Zai Chun is pathetic and accomplished nothing in his short life. In fact, Zai Chun didn't really do nothing. During his reign, there was a new policy of tongzhi. Empress Wang Yi presided over government affairs, cooperated with each other and carried out the New Deal.
Zai Tian 1 1
Aisin-Gioro Zaitian (187 1 August 14-19081October14), the eleventh emperor of the Qing dynasty and the ninth emperor after Beijing, was known as Guangxu in history. His father, Prince Yi Xuan, and his biological mother, Ye Henala Wanzhen, are sisters of Empress Dowager Cixi. Be in power for 34 years
During the implementation of the New Deal, Guangxu issued imperial edicts according to the opinions and demands of Kang and Liang, and carried out reforms in politics, economy, military and culture to varying degrees. This is of historic and progressive significance to the development of China's national capitalist economy, especially to the liberation of people's minds.
12, Puyi
Aisin Giorro Puyi (1February 7, 906-1June 967 5438+001October 17) was the last emperor in the Qing Dynasty and the last emperor in the history of China. Obsidian, Hao Haoran's word. Also known as the Qing Emperor or the Emperor of Xuan Tong.
He is the great-grandson of Daoguang Emperor Ning Min, the grandson of Prince Yi Xuan, the eldest son of Regent Zai Feng, and his mother Su Wan Guarga EULAN SPA01. He went from 1909 to 19 12, 1 7 July1to19/7 July/kloc-0.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Qing Dynasty Monarch