Madder, alias grass, blood sorrow, Dishumu, Huoxue Dan, Tudanshen, Hongneixiao, etc. Rubiaceae, a perennial climbing herb, has several to dozens of tufted roots, purple-red or orange-red skin, four leaves alternate, long stalks, and the shape of leaves varies greatly, such as oval, triangular oval, wide oval to narrow oval, berry ball, and turns black after red. The flowering period is June-September, and the fruiting period is 8-65438+1October. Born in hillside roadsides, ravines, fields, thickets and forest margins, it is excavated in spring and autumn. Has the effects of cooling blood, stopping bleeding, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Indications: hemoptysis due to blood heat, postpartum abdominal pain due to blood stasis, traumatic injury, rheumatic joint pain, etc.