Basic introduction Chinese name: funeral mbth: funeral affairs pinyin: sāng shì ㄙㄤㄕㄧˋ antonym: wedding etiquette: funeral service, explanation of funeral service and other words, funeral procedures, basic concepts, funeral service of Han nationality, funeral service of Buyi nationality and explanation of words. "Zhou Li Local Officials and Cattle People": "Funeral drinks cattle together." Nan Shi Song Ji Shang Wudi: "Bronze nails are forbidden at funerals." Lu Jue, written by He Bangge in the Qing Dynasty, said: "Lu Gu has made great contributions. He was tired of smallness and couldn't bear the disturbance of funeral, so he left the boat and landed. " Zhu Ziqing's back: "The situation at home these days is very miserable, half is funeral and half is father." 2. Especially coffins. "The Biography of Fu Zhanchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": "Gan Longdi received a funeral and gave a coffin. Doctor Taizhong was buried with him and asked the evil spirits to bury him. " "Southern History Song Ji Shang Wudi": "The envoys and Qiu held a memorial service and were buried with A Jin." Funeral procedures for handling death procedures:
After the death of a relative, the family or unit of the deceased must obtain a death certificate: if the death is normal, the medical and health institution will issue a medical death certificate; In case of abnormal death, a death certificate shall be issued by the public security and legal departments at or above the district or county level. Cancel account:
The family of the deceased took the death certificate to the resident police station to cancel the account. Contact cremation:
1) Call or send someone to the funeral home or funeral service station for cremation, and register the name, address, age, sex, cause of death, time of death, location of the body and the domicile of the deceased;
2) Registration name, address, telephone number and relationship with the deceased;
3) Scheduled service items and service time. Pick up the body:
According to the scheduled time, the family members waited for the hearse to pick up the body at the designated place with the death certificate. Cremation of remains:
1) The body was transported to the funeral home;
2) Body cosmetic surgery;
3) Say goodbye to the body;
4) cremate the remains, buy urns and get a cremation certificate;
5) collect ashes. Ashes placement:
Put the ashes in the selected way and get the ashes storage certificate. Since then, the family members have come to the cemetery to offer sacrifices with this card. The basic concept of obituary: After death, sending letters to relatives and friends immediately is called "funeral service". At the same time, publishing information about the death of a loved one is called "obituary": at noon or at night the day after death, it is called "income" and "income". Before the ceremony, the coffin was placed. Then, the deceased was wrapped by the dutiful son, with his back facing the sky, and put into the coffin. Cotton and toilet paper were stuffed around him, and two cakes and 1 nine rings were stuffed in the sleeve of the deceased, which was called "beating the dog". Before covering the coffin, the family members of the deceased wiped the mouth, nose, ears and eyes of the deceased with cotton balls dipped in sesame oil. Then, the heir "tied" the coffin lid and nailed it to death. The whole family wept bitterly, and neighbors, relatives and friends went to mourn with paper, silk and fruit. After death, the whole family cried bitterly and parked the body on the coffin bed. In front of the coffin bed, there are incense tables and offerings. The filial daughter burned seven and a half knives (1 knife, 100 sheets of paper) and burned paper carts and horses outside the door, which was called "coffin burning cart". Paper feeding: Filial son carries a dustpan with incense, wine and paper money to Wudao Temple to worship ghosts and gods. Other relatives cry after Filial son, which is called "paper feeding" or "reporting to the temple". Hanging paper: After someone dies, villagers and neighbors buy some "burning paper" to mourn and comfort their families. Most people who hang paper are women. The daughter-in-law of the deceased saluted and accompanied the sacrifice. Kowtowing to filial piety: relatives and friends mourn before the spirit, and dutiful sons kowtow to filial piety. It means that the old man died and the younger generation was guilty, kowtowing and apologizing to relatives and friends. List approval: the list of the family members of the deceased is hung on the door, male left and female right. When my father died, the book on the book list was "Therefore, I first took the exam that year and died"; Mother's death is on the list, "so I die first, year month day, natural death". Farewell: After entering the door, the dutiful son took the broom, the entrusted paper and the old clothes of the deceased, and took the spirit tablet to Wudao Temple to meet the deceased. Drummers played funeral music. All undertaker walked around the temple, told the dead to get on the bus, and then put the life paper and old clothes into the paper car to burn. The filial son cries, relatives and friends bow to the north, and the filial son responds, which is called "seeing off" and commonly known as "receiving funeral". Funeral: also known as biography, refers to the etiquette of burying the dead. Before the funeral, relatives and friends saluted in front of the coffin, which was carried out of the courtyard and parked outside the door. The drummer played funeral music, and the eldest son or other heirs broke the filial son's basin and carried the banner in front of the coffin. The eldest daughter-in-law held the jar, followed by other children and relatives and friends, and walked to the cemetery. The coffin was carried by 8 people, 16 people, 32 people and 64 people. The man walked in front, the woman rode behind, and the son-in-law of the deceased scattered paper money along the road. Pregnant women can't go to the cemetery. Birds and beasts, cash cows, yin and yang families, boys and girls with colored paper are all sent to the cemetery for burial in pairs. On the way to the funeral, when the coffin carrier put the coffin to rest, his son knelt in front of the coffin and kept crying until he was lifted up again. After arriving at the cemetery, the funerary objects were burned first, then the coffin was put into the hole, the eldest son was buried in the first milling soil, others were buried in the grave, and the evocation coffin was inserted in the grave and rested in peace. At the time of burial, the daughters-in-law grabbed a handful of soil in front of the tomb, commonly known as "robbing money." It is said that whoever gets home first will get rich first. Fu San: On the third day after the funeral, you are going to pay homage to the grave. At that time, sacrifices such as pigs, chickens and tofu will be used to burn incense booths and paper horses, which is called "Fu San". The funeral is over. After that, every year, the whole family will prepare sacrifices to visit the grave. Sacrifice Day: On the third day after the deceased was buried, relatives went to the grave to offer sacrifices, and 7 poles were inserted horizontally, vertically and horizontally in front of the grave, indicating "inserting a house for the deceased". The grave has been filled up again, which is called "round grave". Sacrifice every 7 days until July 7. On the May 7th Festival, the memorial service was large, and all the children at home came to burn paper in front of the grave. The deceased died 100 days, called "one hundred days", and all the children arrived. On the first, second and third anniversary after death, a ceremony was held, and children, relatives and friends came to the grave to pay homage with paper, silks and offerings; Give a banquet to entertain friends and relatives, which is called "anniversary celebration". Filial piety: direct descendants of the deceased, approving horses (Manchu in this county, not horses); Collateral descendants, Dai Xiao does not recognize hemp. When the deceased has great grandchildren, it is called "white". Great-grandson Dai Xiao has red stripes on his shoes and hat. Holding an offering to mourn, the closest relative gives 1 mourning hat; Distant relatives give filial piety 1, men tie their waists and women tie their heads. The children of the deceased have been in mourning for 3 years, their parents have died, and their shoes are all white; Only 1 died, and most of the uppers were covered with white cloth. During the period of filial piety, children do not pay New Year greetings to their elders, nor do they hold happy events. Coffins: coffins vary in size and thickness. The coffins of the rich are all made of pine and cypress, the coffins of the poor are all made of willow, poplar and miscellaneous wood, and the word "longevity" is engraved on the front of the coffin. Poor people also have reed mats for burial. Rich families don't prepare coffins until they are over 60 or 70 years old, and poor families or people who died of sudden illness don't start making coffins until they die, which is called "catching up with thermal engineering". Wreath: a ring-shaped memorial made of flowers or paper flowers, dedicated to the deceased to express mourning and commemoration. Elegiac couplet: A couplet attached to a wreath to mourn the dead. After the founding of New China, * * * at all levels proposed to change the customs and simplify the funeral. Collection of accounts (consorts in Guanzhong area want to send accounts to express their condolences) 1960, all communes in the county have built cemeteries, moved old graves to cemeteries and buried them with thin coffins. /kloc-0 started cremation in June 1969, and/kloc-0 basically realized cremation in the whole county in June 1975. Funerals are beginning to increase again. Centenarians die of red, not black and white. Before the founding of New China, the funeral of the Han nationality was more complicated (taking Tianjin as an example), emphasizing feudal etiquette. The main process is as follows: before the death of the elders, the younger generation stayed with them until their death, which is called "death". Change clothes: When the deceased died, he took off his old clothes, put on a shroud, and tied his legs with white threads, the number of which was equal to the age of death. Mourning: Send a letter to relatives and friends immediately after death, which is called "mourning". After death, the whole family cried bitterly and parked the body on the coffin bed. In front of the coffin bed, there are incense tables and offerings. The filial daughter burned seven and a half knives (1 knife, 100 sheets of paper) and burned paper carts and horses outside the door, which was called "coffin burning cart". Paper feeding: Filial son carries a dustpan with incense, wine and paper money to Wudao Temple to worship ghosts and gods. Other relatives cry after Filial son, which is called "paper feeding" or "reporting to the temple". Hanging paper: After someone dies, villagers and neighbors buy some "burning paper" to mourn and comfort their families. Most people who hang paper are women. The daughter-in-law of the deceased saluted and accompanied the sacrifice. Kowtowing to filial piety: relatives and friends mourn before the spirit, and dutiful sons kowtow to filial piety. It means that the old man died and the younger generation was guilty, kowtowing and apologizing to relatives and friends. List approval: the list of the family members of the deceased is hung on the door, male left and female right. When my father died, the book on the book list was "Therefore, I first took the exam that year and died"; Mother's death is on the list, "so I die first, year month day, natural death". The funeral customs of Buyi people in Maguan county are complicated, and there are several rituals: comforting and shouting for the dead. As soon as he died, he shouted to the dead, that is, "you have to lose your heart because you can't stand the sky." If you go, you should take the ecliptic instead of the hairy grass tree. If you go, drink cold water instead of light soup. Bathing the dead, getting a haircut, changing clothes and putting some money (putting some broken money under the dead man's tongue) means that the dead have clothes, food and money. Tie the hair band around the victim's waist with white cotton thread. At the age of the deceased, tie a few, plus a father, mother, heaven and earth. Choose "Ji Shi" to put the deceased in the coffin. After the cushion is covered, pat the coffin with golden bamboo branches and peach branches. While filming, he shouted, "the living soul comes out and the dead soul goes into the coffin." The coffin stopped in the middle of the hall and lit an ever-burning lamp under it. Relatives came to pay their respects, the dutiful son kowtowed with a filial stick, and the mourners burned paper money to pay homage to the dead. Dai Xiao, the dutiful son, is a vegetarian, avoiding five meats, and washing dishes and chopsticks with grey water. Don't sit on a high stool, go upstairs, sleep in a high bed, don't spread the floor around the coffin in a room, and keep teaching; Drinking sesame soup after burial is the end of meat, and then you can drink, eat oil and eat meat. Get up early and be greedy for black: the dead who live to be a hundred years old should fast, and the rich ask a Taoist priest to fast for one, three, five or seven days. The deceased stopped in the hall, and the Taoist priest took the descendants of the deceased and sang the filial piety songs of "Chao An" and "Mourning of the Ancestors". The contents were: first, telling the sufferings of the deceased before his death, and second, telling the sadness of future generations to the deceased. How old is the victim? Add one for heaven, one for earth, one for father and one for mother. Please ask Mr. Taoist to find Long Mai's grave, which is considered as an auspicious day for the funeral. During the funeral, there will be gongs and drums and firecrackers. The dutiful sons of men and women mourn around the coffin, lie on the road and build a three-step bridge. One or two steps forward, the third step is to turn around and take the lead. The funeral is sent to the cemetery, and the dutiful son digs first. After digging, draw eight diagrams in the middle of the well with vermilion, realgar and rice, then put a rooster into the well and say, "Jump into the well." The coffin well "warms up" the money, then moves the coffin into the well and sets the direction. First, the dutiful son holds three earth coffins, and then the helper digs out the earth to build coffins and graves. After the burial, in the evening, the Taoist family was invited to "summon the soul". The dutiful son kept filial piety for three years, and the wedding ceremony did not sit in the chief seat, but sat in the side seat: the filial piety did not stick the red couplet, and it took three years to stick the yellow-green couplet. From the day of death, money paper will be burned every seven days, until May 7, when the son will change clothes and wash his mourning belt. Filial piety handkerchief is wrapped for one hundred days, burned for another one hundred days, and washed for the first anniversary. Fasting used to be mostly for wealthy families. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the education of breaking superstitions was carried out, and the funeral customs were gradually simplified.