2. More sunshine: sunlight can promote the synthesis of vitamin D, and the metabolism of calcium depends on the role of vitamin D; Ultraviolet rays in sunlight can promote the formation and absorption of calcium in the body, maintain normal calcium and phosphorus metabolism, increase calcium in bones and improve bone hardness.
3. Take preventive measures before getting sick: the elderly should not go to places where there are many people and cars. Don't go out when it rains, snows or there is water or ice on the ground, so as not to fall and break. Don't climb stairs or climb mountains, and don't walk on steep slopes, because the elderly are weak, unresponsive and prone to fall. When you go out, you must walk slowly. If you have dizziness, deafness, dizziness and other symptoms, you should try to reduce going out. When you have to go out, you should be helped to walk or walk with crutches. Before going to the toilet at night, you should sit on the edge of the bed for a while, so that the leg muscle strength is in an excited state to prevent the occurrence of temporary hypotension when the body position changes. When taking a bath, prepare a small stool, wear pants and shoes to prevent falling.
Diet adjustment: Eating more vegetables, protein and a diet rich in vitamins can prevent the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. The diet should be light in the early stage of fracture, which is conducive to removing blood stasis and swelling, and heavy in the later stage. Choosing a proper diet to supplement liver and kidney is beneficial to fracture healing and functional recovery.
5. Close observation: After the injury, if you suspect a fracture, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time. Necessary temporary fixing measures should be taken during the transfer. If the upper limb fracture is fixed with a wooden board, the length of the wooden board should exceed the upper and lower articular surfaces of the fracture site. You can also tie the broken arm and chest together and fix it. For lower limb fractures, the affected limb can be tied together with long wooden boards, the length of which exceeds the heel from armpit to bottom, or the affected limb can be tied together with another healthy limb for fixation. Spinal fracture should be moved to the board by two people in parallel and tied and fixed. For cervical spine fracture, sandbags should be placed on both sides of the head before being sent to the hospital to limit head movement. If there is bleeding, the wound should be temporarily bandaged with a clean cloth and then bandaged with a tourniquet. Generally, the ligation time of tourniquet should not exceed 1 hour at a time, and the tourniquet can be loosened 1 ~ 2 minutes every1hour to see the blood flow, which can prevent limb ischemia and necrosis caused by too long ligation time. After fracture fixation with plaster and other methods, it is necessary to closely observe the changes of skin color and swelling of the injured limb within 24 hours. If the swelling is aggravated and the skin is bruised and purple, you should see a doctor immediately, relax or remove the plaster to prevent limb ischemia and poor reflux caused by too tight plaster fixation. The fixed period of fracture should be reviewed regularly according to the doctor's advice.
Functional exercise: under the guidance of a doctor, actively exercise uninjured joints, every hour 100 times a day, to avoid joint stiffness, contracture and muscle atrophy. Self-massage combined with light massage can promote local blood circulation and is beneficial to the recovery of fracture.