Oncomelania hupensis a mollusk, which is divided into male and female. It is amphibious and consists of a snail shell and a soft body. The front of the soft body is the head, neck, feet and mantle, and the back is the internal organs. The surface with longitudinal ribs is called "ribbed shellfish". The shell is about10mm long and 4mm wide. The light shell snail is a "light shell snail", which is slightly smaller than the ribbed snail, 6 mm long and 3 mm wide, and is more common in hilly areas.
Oncomelania snails breed in lakes and swamps: they are mainly distributed along the Yangtze River and around lakes in Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi and Jiangsu provinces. There are large beaches in winter, land in summer, and small areas in the lower reaches of the Pearl River. Oncomelania hupensis distributed in a large area, showing a flaky distribution.