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Why are the old revolutionary areas all poor areas?
The old liberated areas in Shaanxi Province, including the Shaanxi-Gansu, Sichuan-Shaanxi, Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi revolutionary base areas during the Second Revolutionary Civil War and the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia anti-Japanese base areas during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, are now part of Shaanxi's administrative jurisdiction, distributed throughout northern Shaanxi, most of southern Shaanxi and a few counties and townships in Guanzhong. There are Shenmu, Hengshan, Jingbian, Dingbian, Suide, Mizhi, jia county, Wubao, Qingjian, Zizhou, Yan 'an, Yanchuan, Zichang, Ansai, Zhidan, Wuqi, Ganquan, Fuxian, Luochuan, Yichuan, Huanglong, Huangling, Yijun and Xundun, which belong to the first-class old districts. 7 counties (cities) such as Ningshan. Jingyang, Binxian, Shangzhou, Fuping, Luonan, Yang Shan, Zhen 'an, Zhashui, Nanzheng, Chenggu, Yangxian, Xixiang, Mianxian, Zhenba and Lantian have 15 counties (cities). There are old areas in the whole province. The old area 1 13500 square kilometers, accounting for 55.1%of the whole province; The population is 8.895 million, accounting for 26. 15% of the total population of the province. The old revolutionary base areas made great contributions to the China revolution during the war. However, due to historical and natural factors, the old revolutionary base areas are still relatively backward in economy, with weak financial resources, financial difficulties and low level of public services. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council are very concerned about the old revolutionary base areas. The central finance has always attached great importance to supporting and helping the old revolutionary base areas. In addition to increasing support for the provinces where the old revolutionary base areas are located through a unified transfer payment system, special support policies have also been formulated. (1) Establishment of special transfer payment for old revolutionary base areas. Since 200 1, the central government has set up a separate transfer payment for the old revolutionary areas during the agrarian revolution. The scale of funds increased from 502 million yuan of 20/kloc-0 to1700 million yuan in 2006. In order to give full play to the efficiency in the use of funds and let the people in the old liberated areas feel the warmth of the CPC Central Committee, the central government has made it clear that the provincial and municipal governments should allocate the transfer payment funds from the central government to the old revolutionary areas to contiguous old revolutionary areas that have made significant contributions to the China revolution and have financial difficulties. Used to help the people in the old revolutionary base areas improve their production and living conditions. It is also required that qualified areas can arrange some funds in the budget to increase the scale of transfer payments to the old revolutionary areas. (2) Implement preferential tax policies. Enterprises newly established in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, remote areas and poverty-stricken areas may have their income tax reduced or exempted for three years with the approval of the competent tax authorities. In addition, the old revolutionary base areas can also enjoy the current preferential tax policies for regions, industries and industries. Attached is the poverty alleviation document of Shaanxi Province: Notice of the Office of the Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development of Shaanxi Province on Printing and Distributing the Main Points of Work in 2007 (No.5 of Shaanxi Government Office [2007] 2007 65438+10.9). Municipal Poverty Alleviation Offices (Bureaus): The main points of work of Shaanxi Leading Group Office for Poverty Alleviation and Development in 2007 are hereby printed and distributed to you, please follow them. Please combine them. Key points of Shaanxi leading group office for poverty alleviation and development in 2007. In 2007, the general idea of poverty alleviation and development in our province is to take Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents as the guidance, conscientiously implement Scientific Outlook on Development, comprehensively implement a series of central decision-making arrangements since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the spirit of the Eighth and Ninth Plenary Sessions of the Tenth Provincial Committee, adhere to the development-oriented poverty alleviation policy, and regard poverty alleviation and development as the overall situation of rural work in poverty-stricken areas. With the goal of stably solving the problem of food and clothing for the poor and increasing their income, with the whole village as the main body and industrialization poverty alleviation and professional skills training as the two wings, we will conscientiously do a good job in resettlement, science and technology poverty alleviation, utilization of foreign capital and social poverty alleviation, further strengthen leadership, strengthen measures, innovate mechanisms, pay close attention to implementation, accelerate the pace of poverty alleviation, and promote all-round economic and social progress in poverty-stricken areas. In order to lay a solid foundation for promoting the construction of modern agriculture, building a new socialist countryside and building a harmonious Shaanxi, the main goal is to plan to build/kloc-0.3 million key poverty-stricken villages, relocate 85,000 poor people, train 50,000 poor people in labor transfer skills, and strive to solve the problem of food and clothing for 400,000 rural poor people and poverty alleviation for 600,000 poor people. Ensure that the per capita net income growth of farmers in poverty-stricken areas is higher than the average growth level of the province. The first is to implement the regional poverty alleviation strategy and solve the problem of concentrated contiguous poverty. According to Governor Yuan's instructions of "further strengthening planning, implementing overall relocation, and doing a good job in sector strategy", according to the distribution characteristics of "three blocks and two lines" poverty in the province, regional poverty alleviation plans and policies and measures are formulated in different categories. In view of the poverty problem, starting from the main factors that cause poverty, the regional poverty alleviation strategy is vigorously implemented, and efforts are made to solve the problem of concentrated contiguous poverty in key areas and accelerate the process of poverty alleviation and development in the province. Solve the problem of water use in mountainous areas, increase the relocation of immigrants, and fundamentally change the living conditions of the poor. Problems such as water circuits should be highlighted along the Huangshi mountainous area to solve the "bottleneck" constraint of infrastructure. According to the characteristics of the basin, comprehensive control measures are taken in Qinba Mountain area of southern Shaanxi. Focus on solving the problem of poverty alleviation in key villages and poor people. In the northern foot of Qinling Mountain and the arid zone of Weibei, the overall strength of county economy is strong, so as to ensure the first realization of poverty alleviation. Intensify the poverty alleviation and development in the old revolutionary base areas, and formulate the Support Policy for Poverty Alleviation and Development in the Old Revolutionary Base Areas of Shaanxi according to the "four inclinations" measures put forward by the Northern Shaanxi Construction Committee (expansion) meeting, starting with investment, projects, talents and policies. Accelerate the pace of poverty alleviation in the old revolutionary base areas. The second is to speed up the pace of poverty alleviation in the whole village, enhance the sustainable development capacity of poverty-stricken areas, and solidly promote the construction of a new socialist countryside with poverty alleviation and development as the main content. Continue to regard the whole village as the main battlefield for tackling poverty, and increase the construction of key villages in accordance with the idea of "overall planning by the government, binding funds, comprehensive development and overall promotion", starting with the poorest villages. Focusing on infrastructure, industrial development, village appearance and village-level team building, we will speed up the improvement of production and living conditions in poor villages, increase the income of poor people, implement the contiguous development strategy, improve the overall benefit of poverty alleviation and development, establish a follow-up management mechanism for key village construction, clarify the property rights of infrastructure projects, implement management and protection responsibilities, and ensure the completion of one. Promote the sustainable benefit of the project. According to the idea of "government guidance, farmers' voluntary, unified planning and land resettlement", we should effectively aim at poverty, do a good job in the selection of relocation targets, continue to implement the "1+5" resettlement housing subsidy standard, fundamentally change the living and development environment of relocated poor households, consolidate the resettlement achievements in recent years, strengthen the follow-up industrial support and follow-up services, and truly realize the goal of moving out and staying. Third, deepen the reform of poverty alleviation loan management system, do a good job in industrialized poverty alleviation, conscientiously do a good job in the pilot reform of poverty alleviation loan management system, sum up experience in time, actively explore new ways of industrialized poverty alleviation, and improve the credit poverty alleviation fund management system. In accordance with the principle of "market orientation, project coverage, leading role and loan support", we will select suitable projects, give priority to supporting a number of leading enterprise projects that are influential and have good market prospects and can drive the poor people to increase their income, focus on cultivating and developing regional leading industries, promote agricultural industrialization and promote the rapid economic development in poverty-stricken areas. Focus on microfinance to help the poor, do a good job in organization, coordination and service, strengthen the tracking and monitoring of the implementation of household loans, and improve the household rate and efficiency of poverty alleviation loans. Ensure that poor households have industries, loans, good income and poverty alleviation. The fourth is to highlight professional skills training and comprehensively do a good job in poverty alleviation through science and technology. First, focus on the implementation of the "Rain and Dew Plan", strictly control the selection of trainees, training quality, job placement and fund reimbursement in accordance with the idea of "government-led, market operation, training and employment", earnestly do a good job in professional skills training and strive to increase investment. Effectively realize the goal of "training one person, finding one job and getting rid of poverty". Second, do a good job in practical technical training for farmers in poverty-stricken areas, and implement the "Hundred Million Project" according to the principle of "practicality, practicality and effectiveness" for different economic regions and different leading industries (that is, organize 100 experts to contact 1000 key poverty alleviation villages. Further improve the scientific and technological level of poor people in developing agricultural production. At the same time, we will conscientiously implement the demonstration project of poverty alleviation through science and technology, select a number of poverty alleviation projects in poor areas that are combined with the construction of local leading industries to give key support, and promote industrial development, scientific and technological progress and farmers' income in poor areas. Third, do a good job in the training of leading cadres of the party and government and the backbone of the poverty alleviation system in poverty-stricken areas. Constantly improve the ability to organize and implement poverty alleviation and development and lead the masses to become rich. Fifth, do a good job in preparing for the fifth phase of the World Bank project, continuously expand the field of foreign poverty alleviation, strengthen organizational leadership, formulate implementation plans, implement responsibilities and funds from all sides, create conditions for the start and implementation of the project, and strengthen the follow-up management of the Qinba World Bank poverty alleviation project and the ADB Yulin project. We will continue to do well the Chunhua Project of Korea Cooperation Agency, the Xunyi Project of Huayi Bank and the Community-led Baishui Pilot Project of the World Bank, consolidate the achievements of the project construction, establish a long-term mechanism to ensure the continuous efficiency increase of the projects, continuously strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in poverty alleviation, actively strive for new international cooperation projects such as Belgian aid poverty alleviation projects, and broaden new areas of foreign poverty alleviation. Actively create a good social atmosphere, continue to do a good job in the liaison service of the central ministries and commissions' designated poverty alleviation consultants in Shaanxi and Beijing, actively cooperate with and help them complete the designated poverty alleviation tasks, adhere to the idea of "leadership-led, departmental guarantee, designated assistance and social participation", continue to do a good job in the "two links and one package" designated poverty alleviation work, strengthen policies and measures, strengthen inspection and assessment, implement Baocun's poverty alleviation responsibility, and improve the incentive mechanism. Improve the effectiveness of designated poverty alleviation work. Do a good job in organizing and mobilizing private enterprises to participate in poverty alleviation and development, and mobilize more private enterprises to participate in poverty alleviation and development in accordance with the principle of "voluntariness and mutual benefit". Guide and organize all sectors of society to carry out various forms of poverty alleviation activities such as "send warm, offering love", and form a good atmosphere for the whole society to care, support and participate in poverty alleviation and development. Seven. Do a good job in coordination. Strengthen the integration of poverty alleviation and development resources. While making good plans, making overall arrangements for various poverty alleviation projects, and integrating poverty alleviation and development funds and comprehensive agricultural development projects, we will continue to strengthen the integration of poverty alleviation and development funds and other funds supporting agriculture. Actively promote poverty alleviation models such as "two districts" in Yan 'an City and "Xishan Breakthrough" in Baoji City, take the whole village as a platform and grasp the hand, strengthen organization and cooperation, and actively improve services. On the basis of intensifying the integration of internal resources, we will continue to promote poverty-stricken cities and counties (districts) to do a good job in the integration of poverty-stricken resources, guide the funds of various agricultural support projects to key poverty-stricken villages and immigrant villages, increase the investment in poverty alleviation in the whole village, and strive to establish government-led, departmental linkage, market allocation and through active exploration. Form a strong synergy for poverty alleviation and development. Eight. Increase investment in poverty alleviation and development and strengthen fund management of poverty alleviation projects. In accordance with the requirements of poverty alleviation and development planning, we will conscientiously implement local matching funds and continuously increase financial input for poverty alleviation and development. Carry out performance evaluation of poverty alleviation and development, establish reward and punishment incentive mechanism, improve the allocation method of poverty alleviation funds, and encourage cities and counties with better financial resources to increase investment in poverty alleviation and development. In accordance with the "project according to plan, funds according to project and services according to capital requirements, the system of announcement, publicity and reimbursement shall be implemented, and the methods for the declaration, approval and management of funds for poverty alleviation projects shall be continuously improved, and supervision, inspection and auditing shall be intensified to ensure that poverty alleviation funds play a greater role in poverty alleviation. Nine. Do a good job in research, publicity and statistical information, strive to improve the effectiveness of poverty alleviation and development in adapting to the new situation and new tasks, and carry out in-depth investigation and research activities in view of the new situation and new problems faced by poverty alleviation and development. Put forward new ideas and measures to solve problems, constantly improve the level of poverty alleviation and development, vigorously publicize advanced models emerging in poverty alleviation and development practice, popularize good practices and experiences from all over the country, complete the editing work of Shaanxi Poverty Alleviation Chronicle, organize the compilation of Shaanxi Poverty Alleviation Chronicle, create a good social atmosphere for poverty alleviation and development, do a good job in statistical information, establish a system for submitting major information, and improve the management methods for statistical information assessment. Accurately grasp the poverty situation, the progress of poverty alleviation projects and the results of poverty alleviation, and provide a basis for leading scientific decision-making. 10. Do a good job in self-construction and constantly improve the work level. Organize cadres and workers of the poverty alleviation system in the province to conscientiously study and implement the spirit of the Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 16th CPC Central Committee and the Eighth and Ninth Plenary Sessions of the 10th CPC Provincial Committee, continuously improve the level of policy theory, and carry out multi-level and multi-form business training activities. Further improve the professional work ability of cadres and workers. Do a good job in building a clean and honest party style, earnestly improve the work style, pay close attention to the implementation of the work, strive to build a team of poverty alleviation cadres with strong politics, good quality, precise business and high efficiency, and constantly improve the level of poverty alleviation and development. Release Department: Other institutions in Shaanxi Province released date: 0 1.09, and implemented date: 0 1.09 in 2007.