All crops are inseparable from fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and sugarcane is no exception. Nitrogen fertilizer can promote the growth of sugarcane stems and leaves. If the nitrogen fertilizer is sufficient, the leaves of sugarcane will be wide, thick and green, the stems will be thick and tall, the stems will stretch quickly, and the flesh of sugarcane will be tender and juicy. Phosphate fertilizer can promote the development and tillering of sugarcane roots. After the root system is developed, it can not only improve the ability to absorb fertilizer and water, but also enhance the lodging resistance because the root system is deeply rooted and widely distributed. Once the sugarcane lodging is very troublesome, it is difficult to hold the stem tall and thick. In addition, its leaves are very sharp, which should hurt your hands. The wrapped leaves are covered with furry thorns, which makes it uncomfortable to stick to your hands. Potassium fertilizer can promote the cane stalk to be strong and not easy to break, and can also promote the production of sugar and increase the sweetness of sugarcane.

Although the growth and development of sugarcane can not be separated from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, it should be rationally utilized, and the three fertilizer elements should be used together to restrict or promote each other. If the fertilization method is improper, it will not only affect the growth of sugarcane, but also seriously affect the quality of sugarcane. For example, if nitrogen fertilizer is used more, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are used less, and sugar cane rarely grows. Although it grows fast, it is immature. Sugarcane stems are very crisp and tender, and they will be blown off a lot every time the wind blows. Especially when eating sugar cane, even the skin is not completely peeled, and it will break when pulled, which is not sweet at all. This is what we often say in Jingzhou dialect, Hubei Province.

If more phosphorus fertilizer is applied and less nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the root system of sugarcane will be overdeveloped, competing with the aboveground parts of plants for nutrients and inhibiting the normal growth of sugarcane. If more potassium fertilizer is applied and less nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the stem of sugarcane will be as strong as a stick, not to mention being blown off by the wind, even if it is cut with a knife. Although it is sweet, people with slightly poor teeth dare not eat it, just like my friend planted sugar cane last year.

Sugarcane is very sensitive to potassium, which is indispensable, but not excessive. We should grasp this degree well. I never use potash fertilizer to grow sugar cane. I use quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and fermented farmyard manure. Farmhouse manure also contains potassium, which can completely meet the demand of sugarcane for potassium, so there is no need to worry about excess. There is no farm manure at home: when planting sugarcane, potassium fertilizer should be applied as soon as possible, and it is best to apply it to the base fertilizer at one time, and at the same time increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer accordingly.

The law of fertilizer demand in sugarcane growing period is not detailed in the technical book. The fertilizer demand period of sugarcane is generally divided into three stages: ① seedling stage, ② tillering stage and ③ stem node elongation stage. Sugarcane needs less fertilizer and water before seedling stage and after stem node elongation stage, but more fertilizer and water are needed at seedling stage, tillering stage and stem node elongation stage. The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in these three stages is different.

(1) Seedling stage: The growth of sugarcane in seedling stage is very slow, the underground roots begin to develop, and the stems and leaves on the ground are also growing. At this time, sugarcane doesn't need much fertilizer, but it is absolutely indispensable. If the base fertilizer is sufficient when planting sugarcane, there is no need to fertilize. If base fertilizer is not applied, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer and farmyard manure can be applied. Don't overdo the nitrogen fertilizer, because the sugarcane seedlings of rabbits grow too fast, only to the height, not thick, which leads to the sugarcane stems and leaves being too brittle and tender, just like flowers in greenhouses, but not cold, wet and high temperature. They break easily when working.

(2) Tillering stage: When we found that there were sugarcane seedlings growing in the planting row of sugarcane, sugarcane began to tiller. The first batch of seedlings from the first tiller of sugarcane is the best, with thick buds and fast growth, which will soon catch up with Miss Wang's sugarcane seedlings. Therefore, in the early tillering stage of sugarcane, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and farmyard manure should be applied in time. We call this kind of fertilization tillering fertilizer, which can promote the early tillering of sugarcane and strive for a complete seedling. When the earliest tillering sugarcane seedlings are about the length of chopsticks, nitrogen fertilizer and farmyard manure can be applied again, which is to store nutrients for the elongation of sugarcane stems. Tillage immediately after fertilization, so that the fertilizer is buried deeply, avoiding volatilization and effectively inhibiting further tillering.

(3) Stem node elongation period: When we peel off the leaves of sugarcane and find that there are nodes on the stems of sugarcane, sugarcane enters the stem node elongation period. At this time, the fertilizer requirement of sugarcane reaches the highest, and fertilization is very important at this time, which will directly affect the yield and quality of sugarcane. If the nitrogen fertilizer is too abundant, the sugarcane will "fertilize". Although it is full of water, it is like boiled water. If there is too much potassium fertilizer, sugar cane will be sweet but hard. It depends on the growth of sugarcane at this time. If the growth is weak and slow, apply more nitrogen fertilizer, while the growth is vigorous and fast, with wide leaves and crisp and tender stems. At this time, a small amount of potassium fertilizer can be applied, which can not only increase the sweetness of sugarcane, but also inhibit the absorption of nitrogen by sugarcane. Of course, if sugarcane grows normally, we will also fertilize normally.

The taste of sugarcane really has a lot to do with fertilization, but it is not difficult to grow sweet and crisp sugarcane as long as we know the growth characteristics of sugarcane and the characteristics that the three elements of fertilizer can restrict each other. However, we'd better grow sugarcane with our own farmyard manure, so don't worry so much. Not only are all kinds of nutrients rich and balanced, but they also save money.