Matsutake is a mycorrhizal fungus. Pure strains isolated from Matsutake spores or tissues can form colonies in test tubes, but the growth rate is extremely slow. It takes 1 day to form a colony with a diameter of 1 cm. Over the years, primordia can occasionally be formed on the slope, but fruiting bodies cannot be formed. At present, the artificial domestication and cultivation of matsutake are mainly carried out in forests suitable for matsutake. The following methods have been successful: 1. Spore introduction method. In order for matsutake spores to germinate into hyphae and form mycorrhizae in the pine forest, the spores must be close to the fine roots of the pine trees; the life span of matsutake spores is extremely short and must be Fresh spores must be sown into the pine forest in time to survive. The methods used in Japan include the following: ① Wash the fine river sand, put it into a small wooden box and spread it flat, insert the collected wild matsutake fruit bodies into the sand, and stir the sand after the spores fall to make each spores fall. Even the sandy soil can be stained with a few spores, and then the sand with the spores is sprinkled into the artificial cultivation area in the red pine forest. ② When the matsutake mushrooms are fully mature and produce a large number of spores, pluck the matsutake mushrooms into a bucket, add clean water at a ratio of 2 kg per matsutake mushroom, stir and immediately inoculate with the spore solution. Before inoculation, select the inoculation site, usually in a place with dense fine roots around the tree. Use an iron rod or wooden rod to cut a round hole with a diameter of 1 to 3 cm and a depth of 10 to 15 cm, pour the spore liquid into the hole, and then cover it. Go to the soil. 2. Transplantation method: In the mushroom circle where matsutake occurs, select the fruiting body that is growing well and is about to open. With it as the center, dig out a 10-15 cm square soil block with a large number of mycorrhizae, and prepare to plant the matsutake. Dig a square hole of the same size around the pine tree and put the excavated fruiting body soil with mycorrhizae into it. In this way, in addition to the living mycorrhizae and hyphae that can grow to new tree roots, the spores dropped from the fruiting bodies can also germinate and form hyphae, and grow and invade into the fine roots of the pine tree. 3. Surface induction cultivation method of matsutake fine roots: loosen the soil within the red pine crown to a depth of 7 to 10 cm, and cut off the fine roots to promote their proliferation. Stacking straw and fallen leaves on the ground forms a leaf litter, which prevents rainwater from quickly penetrating into the ground and promotes the upward growth of fine roots, which increases the chance of the growth of fine roots and matsutake mycelium. Take soil from an area where matsutake mushrooms are not growing, add 4 parts of soil, 3 parts of rice bran, 1 part of bean cake, and a small amount of urea. After the soil is fully decomposed, sprinkle it on the leaf litter. You can also combine it with fertilization and sprinkle some artificially cultivated mycelium. The thickness of the leaf litter should exceed 3 cm, otherwise it will be detrimental to the development of fine roots and matsutake mushrooms. After vigorous growth of fine roots and hyphae, matsutake can be grown. 4. Planting method of red pine infected seedlings. This method uses 3- to 5-year-old red pine seedlings infected with matsutake as a "carrying vehicle" and plants them in a place where matsutake does not grow, so that the mother tree (red pine over 17 to 18 years old) can grow in the soil. root reinfection. The specific method is to select 3 to 5-year-old seedlings with many fine roots, wash the roots with water, cut off some of the fine roots appropriately, leaving 7 to 8 cm long, and cut off half of the branches and leaves, and then plant them in a place filled with fertilizer and thick soil. In the plastic basket, seedlings are made into plastic frames for later use. In autumn or spring, use the location of matsutake as an inoculation point, and use the outer 10 to 30 centimeters as the inoculation point. Remove the fallen leaves and humus within 40 centimeters of the mycelium to expose the mycorrhizae of the red pine in the soil. , place the plastic mushroom frame horizontally on the mycorrhizae, and cover it with thick soil to prevent rainwater from penetrating. It is necessary to properly control the infection degree of matsutake mycelium. It is better to have half of the roots infected. If all the roots are infected, the seedlings will easily die. It is usually dug up and transplanted after one year. The mycorrhizal red pine seedlings are easy to break when chewed and have a matsutake aroma. The best transplanting site is a 20-year-old red pine forest with sufficient sunlight, shallow soil and relatively dry conditions. Dig a hole near the selected pine tree (about 1 meter) with many fine roots and put the infected seedlings in. Cover with thick soil and cover with fallen leaves to prevent drying. After transplanting, the matsutake mycelium stretches outward by 15 cm every year, and only when the diameter reaches more than 1 meter can the fruiting body grow. Therefore, it takes 5 to 6 years from cultivating the infected vaccine to growing fruiting bodies. 5. Red pine forest protection and cultivation method. In matsutake natural production forests or artificially introduced forests, record the position of mushroom circles and draw graphics every year. This can also estimate the location of matsutake in the next autumn, which is also the growth and development of mycorrhiza. The most vigorous place, where most primordia will occur, can be artificially controlled to promote the occurrence of matsutake.

Taking the predetermined matsutake growth circle as the midline, build a 60 cm wide and 1 meter high plastic shed. The material used for making the shed must have appropriate thermal insulation. 10 to 20 days before the arrival of matsutake mushrooms, ventilate the air conditioner or place ice cubes in the shed to maintain the temperature at 18°C ??to 20°C; at the same time, water every day with an amount equivalent to 10 to 30 mm of precipitation, 5 to 7 After a few days, you can see the formation of primordia and fruiting bodies. In the future, if you continue to control the lower temperature and higher air humidity, you can harvest a batch of matsutake mushrooms in 20 to 25 days. The yield is 5 to 6 times the amount that would occur under natural conditions in drought years. In addition, the method of clearing forests can also increase matsutake production. The purpose of clearing the forest is to improve the ecological environment of the woodland. The density of the pine forest should be high and the growth rate is medium. If the density is not enough, some small shrubs can be retained for shade. After the forest is cleared, the Matsutake Mountain production can be significantly increased. In 10 years after the forest is cleared, 120 kilograms of fresh mushrooms can be produced per hectare, while only 40 kilograms can be produced in areas where the forest has not been cleared.