1, density formula: the density of copper ingots is usually 8.96 to 8.99g/cm? Density formula can be set according to different standards and accuracy requirements;

2. Weight formula: The weight of copper ingot can be calculated according to its length, width and thickness. For example, if the diameter of copper ingot is D, the length is L and the thickness is T, the weight formula is W = π/4× D2× L× T;

3. Volume formula: According to the length, width and thickness of copper ingot, its volume can be calculated. For example, if the diameter of copper ingot is D, the length is L and the thickness is T, then the volume formula is V = π/4× D2× L× T;

4. Surface area formula: The surface area of copper ingot can be calculated according to different shapes. For example, the copper ingot is cylindrical, and the surface area formula is a = 2 π r× h+2× π r 2, where r is the radius of the cylinder and h is the height of the cylinder.