Nutritional value of fresh milk;
Fresh milk, in fact, is freshly squeezed milk or goat's milk. After pasteurization, the milk almost retains all the nutrients in the new milk. However, the shelf life is short, usually 2-7 days, and it needs to be transported and stored in cold storage.
Nutritional value of milk powder;
Full-fat milk powder is made by concentrating fresh milk to remove 70%-80% moisture, and then dehydrating by spray drying or hot roller method. The milk powder made by spray drying method has small particles, high solubility, no peculiar smell, less loss of nutritional components and high nutritional value; However, the milk powder produced by the hot roller method has larger particles, less solubility and more nutrient loss. However, in general, the nutrient content of whole milk powder is about 8 times that of fresh milk, but water-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin C and B vitamins, are lost in the process of dehydration.
Skim milk powder is milk powder made by removing fat from fresh milk and then by the above method. The fat content in skimmed milk powder is only 1.3%, and fat-soluble vitamins are lost more during skimming, and other nutrients have little change compared with whole milk powder. Generally, skimmed milk powder is only suitable for babies with steatorrhea who need to control oil or obese people.
Blended milk powder, also known as "breast milk powder", is based on milk, adjusted and improved with reference to the pattern and characteristics of human milk composition, so as to make it more suitable for the growth and development characteristics of infants and children and their nutritional needs. Blended milk powder mainly reduces the contents of casein, triglyceride, calcium, phosphorus and sodium in whole milk powder, adds whey protein, linoleic acid and lactose, and strengthens vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin B/kloc-.
In addition to breast-fed milk powder (infant formula), there are different milk powders on the market for different people or nutritional needs, such as student milk powder, pregnant milk powder, middle-aged and elderly milk powder, lactose-free milk powder, hydrolyzed milk powder and so on. Like infant formula milk powder, on the basis of whole milk powder or skim milk powder, the proportion of nutritional components is rearranged to meet the physiological characteristics and nutritional needs of different groups of people.
Compared with fresh milk, milk powder is more nutritious.
In fact, the nutritional value of milk powder and fresh milk cannot be directly compared, because the water content in fresh milk per 100ml is as high as 89.8g, while that in milk powder per 100g is only 2.3g g. If you want to compare who is more nutritious, you have to compare the liquid milk after mixing milk powder. If it refers to whole milk powder or skim milk powder, compared with fresh milk, fresh milk is definitely more advantageous; If it is infant formula or other modified milk formula, and then compare it with the first one, according to the nutritional needs of different groups, the prepared formula is more suitable for special groups than fresh milk, that is to say, the prepared milk is more nutritious than fresh milk.
The nutritional value of any two foods should be compared. We can't simply compare the content of protein, fat or other nutrients to evaluate who is more nutritious, but we should aim at different people. Many nutritious foods can't be suitable for everyone. They may be foods with low nutritional value for you, but they are very nutritious for others. Diversification of food can get more comprehensive nutrition.