More than 7,000 years ago, our ancestors already thrived in the Qishui Basin. There are 65 ancient cultural sites from the Neolithic Age to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty on the left and right banks of the middle and lower reaches of the Qihe River, which are only 70 to 80 kilometers long. There are countless ancient relics, ancient grottoes, and ancient tombs after the Han and Wei dynasties. There are also typical ancient pottery and iron fragments exposed on the earth bank. The Huawo site on the west bank of the Qihe River has been carbon-dated to be 7,130 years old. The Shihe'an site in the southeast of the Huawo site is a Yangshao cultural site that dates back more than 6,000 years. The Dalaidian Cultural Site, which is across the river from the two sites, and the Xincun Cultural Site, which is not far up the river, caused a sensation in the archaeological circles at home and abroad when they were excavated in 1932. A large number of cultural relics unearthed here were transported to Taiwan by the Nanjing government of the Kuomintang on the eve of liberation. In 1960, because these precious cultural relics were shipped to the United States for display, the Ministry of Culture issued a statement of protest. 540 celebrities in the cultural circle, including Guo Moruo and Shen Yanbing, jointly issued a statement of protest. , causing an uproar in the international cultural world.
In the Western Zhou Dynasty, among the various feudal vassal states, the Wei Kingdom was granted the title earlier and the territory it was granted was larger. Chaoge was originally the capital of King Zhou of Shang Dynasty. It was the political, economic and cultural center. The overall cultural quality of the people was high, and the level of economic development was also ahead of other countries. Therefore, throughout the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Wei State was quite powerful, and Wei was the "leader of the princes." ", he maintained his status as Fang Bo for a long time and became prominent for a while. Correspondingly, the culture of Weiguo is also relatively developed, especially the popularity of poetry and music has attracted worldwide attention.
Qihe is a river that produces poetry and songs. Since ancient times, it has been favored by literati and poets. There are many poems describing and praising the Qihe River in the past dynasties. In the "Book of Songs", my country's first collection of poems, nearly five poems were collected from the Qishuiwei area. There are as many as ten chapters, among which 39 are concentrated on "Bei Feng", "Quan Feng" and "Wei Feng". The Wei State, where Uncle Kang was named the king, was originally the merger of the three original regions of Bei, Yong and Wei, so the folk songs (winds) of the three places are also the folk songs of the Wei State. This is the common knowledge of researchers of the Book of Songs. Wang Guowei, a great scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, believed in "Bei Bo Ding Postscript" that "Wei had the most poems, so they were assigned to Bei and Yong." This meant that Wei had many poems, while Bei and Yong had very few. When he first compiled the Book of Songs, "At that time, some of Wei's poems were given to Bei and Yong. Modern Jin Qihua said: "Bei, Yong, and Wei were the three kingdoms that King Wu conquered after conquering Shang. Later, Bei and Yong were merged by Wei. Therefore, the poems in Bei and Yong are actually about the affairs of Wei" (" "The Complete Translation of The Book of Songs"). He also said: "So we talk about "Bei Feng", "Guo Feng" and "Wei Feng". Judging from the connection of the regions and the description of the facts, although they are divided into three, they can actually be said to be the poems of Wei Guo. " Sun Yirang, a famous classical historian and exegetical master in the Qing Dynasty, also pointed out in "Bei Yong Wei Kao": "The Duke of Zhou granted Uncle Kang the title of Wu Geng's hometown, and actually gained the entire territory of Sanwei... Therefore, those who collected poems came from Sanwei. "Wei no longer distinguishes", which means that Duke Zhou granted Chaoge, where Wu Geng was originally located, to Uncle Kang as the capital of the Wei Kingdom. However, the Wei Kingdom actually included the entire territory of Bei, Yong, and Wei, so the "Book of Songs" was edited and At that time, there were no strict boundaries and distinctions between the poems of Beiyuan and Wei.
The beautiful scenery of Qihe has attracted people from generation to generation to praise it and sing its praises. The Qi River in the Book of Songs is always so beautiful, the thoughts expressed in the poem are always so romantic, and the folk customs displayed are always so simple. The Book of Songs and Qihe make people yearn for it and transcend time.
According to research, there are more than 300 poems and essays about visiting Qihe River in the past dynasties. The largest collection of poems in ancient times, "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty", contains nearly 40 poems by Yong Qi. In the Book of Songs, there are 39 poems that directly describe the scenery of Qihe River. Among them, "Meng" is the first narrative poem in my country. The poem says: "Sending a son to Sheqi, as for Dunqiu." The "Qi" here refers to Qi River. In the history of Chinese literature, except for the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, no other river can be so favored and praised as the Qi River in that era. The historical status and influence of Qihe can be seen from this. Excerpts from some poems.... The source of the spring is on the left, and Qishui is on the right. If a woman is good, her brothers and parents are far away
Qishui is on the right and the spring is on the left. The beauty of a clever smile, the beauty of a jade.
The water in Qi is flowing, and the boat is filled with cypress trees and pine trees. I travel with words to write about my worries.
"The Book of Songs·Wei Feng·Qi'ao"
Looking at Qi'ao, there are green bamboos. There are gangsters and gentlemen who are like quarrels and discussions, like grinding.
Those who are seductive and arrogant, those who are arrogant and those who are arrogant, if there are bandits and gentlemen, they should never be arrogant!
Looking at Qi'ao, the green bamboos are green. There is a bandit gentleman whose ears are clear and his ears are as sharp as stars.
Those who are seductive and arrogant, those who are arrogant and arrogant, if there are bandits and gentlemen, they should never be arrogant!
Looking at Qi'ao, the green bamboos are like bamboo rafts. There are bandits and gentlemen who are as good as gold as tin, as good as jade and gold.
Broad and graceful, heavy and heavy, good at teasing, not cruel!
"Nanxiangzi" Anonymous
The Qishui River has flowed through the ages, and the poems and poems along the river sing about Jiuzhou. Moisten Jambu for eight thousand miles, and reward me with sincerity! The shade will last forever.
Wei Wu built Huangyou, and six or seven sages lived in Chenlou. The brave Jing Ke exudes righteousness and is romantic! The proud men gathered together to write about the Spring and Autumn Period.
Qi River is not only a clean river, but also an ancient and beautiful river. As early as the early Neolithic period more than 7,000 years ago, humans lived here, forming the unique Qihe culture. The river flows through the Taihang Mountains, forming a unique Qi River scenery. The water shadows and mountain scenery are better than those of Taoyuan, and it is known as the Lijiang River in the North. There are thirteen articles in the Book of Songs describing the scenery of Qihe River. The Qishui is long and flowing, and the cypress and pine boats are used to write about my worries. The beauty is fascinating.
Qihe is also one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation and a river with profound cultural heritage. It gave birth to a generation of Shang Dynasty and nurtured many heroes. Dayu, King Wen of Zhou, Gui Guzi, Wang Fanzhi, Hua Mulan, Mrs. Xu Mu, Zhang Yan, leader of the Black Mountain Army, poet Wang Wei of the Tang Dynasty, and literary giant Luo Guanzhong all stayed here. Along the Qi River, there are rich cultural relics, cultural landscapes and natural landscapes. Xincun Cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the ruins of the Black Mountain Peasant Rebel Army, Luo Guanzhong’s secluded residence in his later years, Qihe Natural Tai Chi Diagram, Qingyan Grottoes, White Snake Cave, White Dragon Pond, Bailong Temple, Jiguan Mountain, Sui and Tang Dynasties Twin Pagoda Temple, Panshitou Reservoir Thousand Buddha Cave, etc. The scenic spots all have high research and viewing value.