1. Gu Kaizhi, a great painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the mother of Gu Kaizhi, is good at drawing portraits, especially women and goddesses.

His clever actions are all due to his filial piety to his mother.

It turns out that Gu Kaizhi's mother died when she gave birth to him, and he was brought up by his grandmother.

His father was a court official and retired at home because he was dissatisfied with the current situation.

Gu Kaizhi often went to his father's study to ask about his mother's appearance. His father described it to him in detail, and gradually his mother's figure and face appeared in his mind.

At the age of eight, he drew his mother on a piece of white paper according to his own imagination, and asked his father and grandmother to correct it.

In this way, I painted and painted year after year, and finally made my mother's portrait realistic and charming.

One day, when he hung his mother's portrait in his father's study, even his father froze! Isn't that the wife in sight again? By the age of 20, Gu Kaizhi had become an accomplished portrait painter.

When someone asked him the secret of his success, he said, "My mother is a teacher who has always lived in my heart.

2. Wei Yuan teased litchi as "the king of all kinds of fruits". Literati in China praised litchi, but some people ridiculed litchi as a worthless "fruit prostitute". This man is Wei Yuan, a patriotic thinker, historian and scholar in Qing Dynasty.

After tasting litchi in Nanhai, Guangdong Province, he wrote two poems "Digesting Litchi", including the sentence "Fruit admonition is actually not lewd", and in the poem's inscription, he also dismissed litchi as "the lowest fruit".

Why does Wei Yuan hate litchi so much? It turns out that Wei Yuan was the main fighting faction in the Flat-panel War.

184 1 entered the shogunate of Yu Qian, the governor of Liangjiang, and personally participated in the anti-British campaign in eastern Zhejiang.

Witnessed the fatuity and incompetence of the Qing government, the escape of surrenders in the Cold War, and the heroic scenes of the heroic sacrifices of Governor Xie Chaoen and Governor Yu Qian of Langshan Town.

Wei Yuan had actively advocated "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" and made every effort to innovate a powerful country.

He denounced the shameless rumor of the capitulators that "the war began with Lin Zexu's ban on tabletting".

He felt bitterly that advice when most needed is least heeded, just as bitter olives were disliked by people, while litchi was favored by emperors and imperial concubines in the tribute movement because of its color like rouge.

Therefore, Wei Yuan touched the scene and put litchi into the stream of "fruit prostitution", with the intention of satirizing people with things. Of course, it was not litchi's fault.

3. Shi Siming's representative Shi Siming, a Turk in the Tang Dynasty, was a fellow countryman and good friend of An Lushan. After joining the army, he fought bravely and was made a general for his merits.

In the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), he and An Lushan fought against the Tang Dynasty in the name of punishing the traitor Yang, which was the famous "An Shi Rebellion" in history.

After the invasion of Chang 'an, An Lushan established the State of Yan, calling himself "Emperor Wu Xiong", but his dream didn't last long. In the spring of the second year of Zhide (AD 757), he was killed by his son An Qingxu.

Shi Siming surrendered to the Tang Dynasty, and soon rebelled, sending troops to help An Qingxu. Then he took the opportunity to kill An Qingxu, established himself as the "Great Prince of Yan", and named his son Shi Chaoyi as Huai Wang.

Shi Siming is a rude and cunning warrior who knows nothing about writing poetry.

Once, he gave a basket of cherries to Shi Chaoyi and Zhou Zhishi, Shi Chaoyi's teacher, and suddenly became lyrical and wrote these lines: a basket of cherries, half red and half yellow.

Half with Wang Huai, half with Zhou Zhi.

Stegosaurus is a small official who knows a little about literature and ink. He is afraid that the "emperor" will make a fool of himself. He quickly remonstrated and said, "The emperor's poem is very clever, but if we move the sentence" half and week "forward, the rhyme will be more stable.

Shi Siming suddenly became furious and said, "How can I put my son under Zhou Zhi!" Criticizing Stegosaurus is to belittle the status of his successor, the future "emperor".

This is a heinous crime, and Stegosaurus was scared out of her wits.

Shi Siming also wrote a pomegranate poem: In March and April, among a piece of red flowers, in May and June, a yellow leather coat was cut with a knife, and there were six or seven thousand men and women in red robes.

Comparing pomegranate seeds to "guys and girls" is also unique in imagination, and nothing else is desirable.

However, he still thinks himself great, and even ordered his men to copy this thing and post it everywhere.

4. Sun Yat-sen dipped in ink and ate brown. Sun Yat-sen studied hard as a teenager and often forgot to eat and sleep.

At present, there is an old-fashioned desk in the study on the second floor of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Cuiheng Village, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. There are all kinds of pens and inkstones on the desk, which is where Dr. Sun Yat-sen studies and writes.

One year during the Dragon Boat Festival, Sun Yat-sen sat at his desk, adjusting water and grinding ink, spreading out paper and pens, and preparing to write.

A dish of zongzi cut with alkaline water and a dish of red syrup dipped in zongzi were sent from home, all of which were placed beside the inkstone of the desk.

The family explained a few words and left. Sun Yat-sen felt a little hungry at this moment, so he picked up a zongzi with chopsticks.

Thinking about the question to be written in his mind, his eyes rested on the material on the left hand side, and his right hand took zongzi and dipped it in the inkstone.

Sun Yat-sen was so absorbed in writing that he didn't even know that the alkaline zongzi was dipped in ink by mistake.

It was not until I finished eating zongzi that I found that the red syrup had not been touched, and I realized that it was dipped in ink.

5. Sun Yat-sen's Confucius Temple Speech 19 12. When the Nanjing Provisional Government held the North-South peace talks with Yuan Shikai, there were many arguments about peace and war among the revolutionaries.

One afternoon, Dr. Sun Yat-sen walked out of the presidential palace and went to the Confucius Temple in the south of the city.

He asked the guards to make a cup of tea in a teahouse, borrowed a table and a bench as a temporary platform, and used a tin megaphone to speak Mandarin with a Cantonese accent to explain the current situation to the masses.

At that time, the masses gathered from all directions and gathered more and more.

But people don't know who this magnificent speaker is.

Sun Yat-sen elaborated on the fact that the Qing government was incompetent, the crime of humiliating the country, and the people's suffering from autocratic oppression.

At the end of the speech, Sun Yat-sen introduced himself. At this time, everyone couldn't believe that the middle-aged man in front of him was the interim president at that time.

On the spot, everyone immediately responded with a long and warm applause, which was passed down as a beautiful talk in Nanjing.

Mao Zedong revised the lyrics of his opera. Mao Zedong has a wide range of interests, especially Peking Opera.

He not only knows opera, but also can hum a passage sometimes, and he has a good study on the singing style and blackboard writing style of Beijing opera.

Li Heceng, a Peking Opera actor, graduated from Beijing China Theatre Academy, and later studied under the famous artist Gao Qingkui, becoming a direct disciple of "Gao Pai".

1949 In March, during the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Li Heceng went to Xibaipo with the troupe to perform.

Li plays Zhuge Liang in Empty City. As soon as he appeared, he saw Chairman Mao sitting in the front row and smiling at him.

Li Heceng has a loud and mellow voice and is deeply loved by Mao Zedong.

Chairman Mao went to the opera very seriously and often gave the actors some suggestions for improvement.

Once he heard Li Heceng sing "xiaoyaojin" and said: After liberation, you should sing high, not gloomy.

On another occasion, Li Heceng performed Li Lingbei. After Li sang a long speech of opposition, he said humorously: four of his eight sons died, and it is okay to complain, but on the whole, he is still loyal to his country, so it is not appropriate to sing too sadly.

You are singing with sadness and anger now, which is right.

On one occasion, when Li Heceng sang this play to Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong said to Li Heceng in an inquiring tone: In the play Li Lingbei you sang, there is a phrase "Chen Liang is full of vitality".

I checked the historical materials after listening to it last time. Therefore, there was no such person as Wan in the Song Dynasty.

Isn't it more appropriate to change this sentence to "a ghost minister, a thief Pan Hong, and a clever woman can't cook without rice"? Li Heceng thought it was reasonable, so he changed the word to sing in the future, which has been used ever since.

7. Kangxi created mathematical terms. Emperor Kangxi once studied mathematics under the tutelage of Belgian missionary Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest.

Although he is clever, it is not easy to listen to Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest's lectures, because the teacher's Chinese and Manchu are limited, and he can barely cope with daily conversations, but it is often difficult to clearly express his rigorous and profound scientific knowledge.

At that time, most of the textbooks were in foreign languages, and even the Chinese version could not pass.

In this way, there is bound to be a lot of energy spent on language communication in learning, and the progress is not fast.

But Kangxi studied hard and was patient.

If you don't understand it at first time, please ask the teacher to say it again until you really understand it.

When ferdinand verbiest was talking about equations, his sentences were long and his pronunciation was unclear. Kangxi was often confused.

How can I get the teacher to speak well? After thinking hard, the students suggested to the teacher that the unknown should be translated into yuan, and the highest number of times should be translated into times (finite integer equation), so that the values of the unknown with equal left and right sides of the equation can be translated into roots or solutions ... Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest carefully wrote it down with a pen, and then replaced his original complicated words with these newly created terms: "Finding a binary linear equation".

Ferdinand Ferdinand verbiest stared at Kangxi in disbelief, paused for a while, and suddenly embraced Kangxi according to the most intimate etiquette in the West: "I have been studying and teaching for decades, and neither teachers nor students have seen anyone willing to think like you!" These mathematical terms created by Kangxi are scientific and concise, easy to understand and remember, and have been used ever since.

8. Lao She's Love Letter Lao She was a famous writer in the literary world at the age of 33, but she was not married.

At that time, friends saw that he and Hu Qing had similar personalities and hobbies, so they took turns inviting them to dinner.

After three meals, both of them were moved.

Finally, Lao She wrote the first letter to Hu Qing: "We can't always meet and talk by eating other people's meals. You and I both have a pen in our hands. Why can't we use it-it's entirely our own little thing, and write everything we want to say.

The letter was written sincerely and frankly, which opened the floodgates of two people's feelings.

They meet and write to each other every day. If Lao She doesn't hear from the girl one day, he'll be on pins and needles like a slouch.

At that time, young Hu Qing was good at making clothes.

A friend told Lao She: Look at Hu Qing, you must change clothes every day.

Lao She quickly wrote and said, "... I have no money for you. It seems that if you want to be nice to me, you have to sacrifice this skirt.

I can't kiss up to my wife outside and get beaten when I get home, like a foreigner.

I won't bully you, let alone hit you, but I won't hold a small umbrella for you like some foreign men, so that you can walk proudly in front and I will wait on you in the back.

Later, he and Hu Qing lived a stormy life.

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