The shortening in Food for Thought Hand Pies is vegetable oil.

Shortening is the artificial hydrogenation of vegetable oil processed fats and oils (so that the liquid vegetable oil into a solid state), and usually add flavors, not very healthy. Generally cooking oils are divided into vegetable oils and animal oils, which are generally not synthetic. The main difference between the two is that vegetable oils are relatively more natural and pure than ghee.

The ingredients of ghee include:

Edible fats and oils, food emulsifiers, antioxidants, flavors and colors. The raw fats and oils of ghee are the same as shortening. The processing of ghee is the same as margarine. Ghee usually has two kinds, one is solid plastic state, the other is transparent liquid, called liquid ghee. Liquid ghee is mostly used in chiffon cake, sponge cake and so on.

Liquid ghee raw material fats and oils are mostly liquid fats and oils, such as lightly hydrogenated vegetable fats and oils or non-hydrogenated edible vegetable fats and oils or liquid fats and oils that have been fractionated to remove hard fats. Solid ghee has a wide range of physical properties and a strong flavor, and can be used in a variety of processed baked goods such as bread, cakes, cookies, etc.