First, soil preparation
Sowing of Schizonepeta tenuifolia is dense, so it is very inconvenient to fertilize during the growing period. Therefore, after the land is selected, more base fertilizer should be applied, and more than 2000 kilograms of organic fertilizer such as compost, manure or smoked soil can be applied per mu. The base fertilizer should be added to the continuous cropping land, and nitrate nitrogen fertilizer is prohibited. Spreading the base fertilizer evenly on the ground, ploughing it to a depth of about 25 cm, and after deep ploughing, making the border with a width of about 1.2 m and a height of 10 cm. After the border is finished, in order to improve the germination rate of seeds, water should be poured to collapse the soil moisture, and then shallow ploughing should be carried out after the soil is dry. Soil treatment granules can be spread before turning the soil to prevent underground pests from harming seeds and affecting germination rate. Digging the ground should not be too deep. 5~6 cm is enough, and it will be broadcast after leveling.
Second, sowing
Before sowing, the seeds should be screened to pick out impurities and damaged seeds, then soaked in water 12~24 hours, fished out and aired in a ventilated and dry place, which can accelerate the internal metabolism of seeds, enhance their vitality and improve their germination rate. Because the seeds of Schizonepeta tenuifolia are small, in order to make the sowing more uniform, a proper amount of fine sand or fine soil can be mixed when there is no water on the surface of the seeds, and the ratio of seeds to sandy soil is 3:1,and sowing can be carried out after uniform mixing. Trench along the border with tools, with a distance of about 20 cm and a depth of about 5 cm. Seeds are sown in ditches, and the amount of seeds used per mu is usually about 1 kg.
After sowing, cover the soil with a thickness of1~ 2cm, stabilize it with your feet, and then level it with an iron rake to make the seeds closely contact with the soil. Water after sowing to keep the border soil moist, which is beneficial to seedling emergence. After sowing, when the ground temperature is 16~ 18℃, the seedlings will emerge in 10~ 15 days. If the ground temperature is 19~25℃ and the humidity is appropriate, the seedlings can emerge in about 1 week, and before and after emergence.
Third, fix seedlings
When the seedling height is 6~ 10 cm, the weak seedlings and small seedlings that are too dense are removed occasionally. When the seedling height is10 ~15cm, 2~3 seedlings should be reserved for seedling fixing according to the row spacing10 ~15cm. If there is any shortage of seedlings, the big and strong seedlings should be transplanted with soil, preferably in cloudy days, to avoid being transplanted in strong sunshine. Bring as much original soil as possible when transplanting seedlings, and water them in time after replanting seedlings to facilitate the survival of seedlings.
Fourth, weeding
Intertillage and weeding are the key measures for the good growth and development of Schizonepeta tenuifolia, mainly loosening soil, raising ground temperature, regulating soil moisture and eradicating weeds, so as to promote root development and ensure the robust growth of seedlings. When the seedling height is about 5 cm, loosen the soil with a small hoe and cut the land to prevent root injury. The word "early, shallow and fine" should be emphasized in the intertillage at seedling stage: "early" means that intertillage should be carried out in time after seedling; "Shallow" means that the depth of intertillage should not exceed 5 cm, in case of root injury, seedling injury and soil erosion; "Fine" means that the depth is consistent during intertillage, and the soil is loose and fine.
After Schizonepeta tenuifolia enters a long period of life, it is also necessary to regularly intertillage and weed, so as to keep the soil loose in the field free of weeds, and carry out 1 time in about 20 days, or depending on the specific situation. Because it is inconvenient to intertillage, it is necessary to pay attention to weeding, or appropriately intertillage 1~2 times, and it is generally inconvenient to loosen the soil after the line is closed. Loose soil should be shallow, so as not to hurt the roots. Intertillage should be carried out when the soil moisture is moderate.
V. Water and fertilizer
Schizonepeta tenuifolia needs more nitrogen fertilizer in seedling stage. In order to promote strong stalks and more ears, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should also be applied appropriately. When the seedling height is15 ~ 20cm, sprinkle some chemical fertilizers along the rows, and topdressing urea10 ~15kg and cake fertilizer 25 ~ 40kg per mu. Watering should be done frequently in seedling stage to facilitate growth. After the plant is grown, the drought resistance is enhanced, so watering can be stopped. However, in summer, when there is no rain for a long time, the soil moisture content is below 8%, and the plant is wilting, it should be lightly watered, and the amount of watering should not be too large each time. Schizonepeta tenuifolia is most afraid of waterlogging during this period. If there is too much rain, the accumulated water in the field should be drained in time to avoid diseases. When the height of the seedlings is 20 ~ 25cm, potassium chloride10kg is added, and furrow is used for people, and then the soil is cultivated. When the height of seedlings is more than 30 cm, 60 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer can be applied per mu, and a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied together. Schizonepeta tenuifolia enters the late growth stage in July. At this time, field management is generally not carried out, and it is allowed to grow naturally, which can inhibit reproductive growth, be beneficial to vegetative growth, and improve yield and quality.