Pinyin Ming nao Yan ɡ Hu 'a
Alias: Mayfly Flower (Herbal Medicine), Scared Sheep Flower (Outline), Tiger Flower (Outline), Begonia Flower (Outline), Yellow Horn Flower (Zhejiang Manual of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Cymbidium Flower, Old Crow Flower, Leopard Dog Flower (Hunan Pharmacology) and Yellow Snake Leopard Flower (Yellow Snake Leopard Flower).
The source is the inflorescence of Mao Dujuan. In April and May, when flowers bloom, they will be harvested on sunny days. Dry immediately after picking.
Original shape
Sheep (Classic), also known as: Yuzhi (don't record), sheep don't eat grass (herbal supplement), azalea (herbal supplement), Huang Yi, sheep don't eat grass (outline),
Deciduous shrub, 1 ~ 2 m high. The old branches are smooth and brownish, and the young branches are pubescent. Simple leaves alternate with short petioles. Coat; Leaf blade elliptic to elliptic oblanceolate, apex obtuse and mucronate, base cuneate, edge slightly curved upward, abaxially densely grayish white pubescent when young. There are many flowers, which are terminal short racemes and open at the same time as leaves; Calyx 5-lobed, persistent, sparsely hairy; The flowers are golden yellow, the corolla is funnel-shaped, with fine hairs, the apex is 5-lobed, the lobes are oval to oval, and the upper part is larger with green spots; Stamens 5, as long as corolla or slightly protruding from corolla; Pistil 1, ovary superior, 5-loculed, long gray hair, thin style, longer than stamens. Capsule oval, dark brown at maturity, sparse hair, intercellular cracking and many seeds. The flowering period is from April to May. The fruiting period is June-July.
Habitat distribution is common in hillsides, cracks and bushes. Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. Location: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hunan and other places.
Inflorescences with dry characters are mostly shriveled, consisting of 6 ~ 12 flowers clustered on a total stalk, yellow-gray to yellow-brown; Corolla bell-shaped, apex folded, surface sparsely pubescent; Stamens are longer, filaments are bent and exposed outside the corolla, some of them fall off, and anthers are egg yellow. It is best to be dry, yellow-gray, and free of impurities.
The chemical constituents of flowers contain toxic components Aralia elata toxin and photinin. The leaves contain flavonoids, azalea toxins and methyl coal lichenate.
pharmacological action
Analgesic effect of 1
The hot plate method in mice, electric shock method and central nervous system summation method in rabbits all proved that oral Manshanhong decoction had significant analgesic effect, but the therapeutic index was low (2.24) and the safety range was narrow. Grinding flowers into fine powder, and making into suspension, infusion and tincture (ethanol is evaporated when used). Through electric shock to the tail of mice, it is proved that all the preparations have analgesic effect, and their analgesic indexes are similar to those of opium (the analgesic indexes of fruit suspension and opium suspension are 28.9 and 30.0 respectively). The difference is that the analgesic effect increases with the increase of opioid dose, but the analgesic effect decreases with the increase of rhododendron dose, and toxic symptoms appear.
Effect of 2 on cardiovascular system
Illicium verum toxin can lower blood pressure and slow down heart rate. It appears earlier than hypotension, but its duration is short, which is closely related to dosage. Intravenous injection of 3.5 μ g/kg in anesthetized dogs can slow down the heart rate by 38.98% on average, and 20 μ g/kg can slow down the heart rate by 69.86%. Although the heart rate slows down in general dose, it still shows sinus rhythm. If the dose is increased, T wave changes and arrhythmia will occur, such as various types of premature beats and nodal rhythms. Mild patients can recover on their own, and severe patients turn to ventricular fibrillation. These may be exciting vagus nerve, inhibiting sinus node impulse, slowing down heart rate, thus exciting ectopic rhythm points and producing various arrhythmias. Cannabis toxin can lower blood pressure. In a certain dose range (3.5 ~ 20 μ g/kg), the intensity of this effect has little relationship with the dose, but a large dose can significantly prolong the duration of hypotension. It can significantly inhibit carotid baroreflex, and its inhibitory effect on myocardial contractility seems to have little to do with hypotension. Lowering blood pressure has nothing to do with sympathetic nervous system, but with toxic alkali-choline reaction system; Procaine can inhibit the hypotensive effect of cannabis toxin and slow down the heart rate. It is speculated that the principle of lowering blood pressure is to inhibit the vascular motor center or directly affect peripheral blood vessels. The median lethal dose (LD50) of intraperitoneal injection of octotoxin in mice was 0.522 mg/kg.
3 insecticidal effect
Flowers are highly toxic to insects, belonging to contact poisoning and ingestion poisoning; Its effective components are luteolin and heather; It is also toxic to people. Its roots and leaves are non-toxic to insects. It has no killing effect on rabbit schistosomiasis.
toxicity
1 Seeking the Grassland: For Chinese herbal medicine poisoning, yellow sugar, Huangnian decoction and mung bean can all be dissolved.
Main Poisonous Plants in South China: Buxus macrophylla, toxic parts: leaves and flowers. Poisoning symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, slow heartbeat, decreased blood pressure, dyskinesia and dyspnea at first; Severe cases died of respiratory arrest. Rescue methods: vomiting or gastric lavage to induce diarrhea should be considered as appropriate; Take egg white, activated carbon and sugar wat; You can also drip 5% glucose saline intravenously to give stimulants to keep warm; If blood pressure drops, give norepinephrine; If breathing is difficult, oxygen can be given and artificial respiration can be carried out if necessary. Folk use gardenia juice to detoxify.
Sexual taste
Xin, Wen, toxic.
1 Classic: Xin Wen.
2 "Don't record": There is great poison.
Functional indication
Dispelling wind, removing dampness and relieving pain. Treat intractable rheumatism, pain caused by trauma and stubborn skin. And used as surgical anesthesia.
1 Classic: The main thief winds in the skin are itching, warm malaria and aversion to arthralgia.
2 "Compendium of Materia Medica": the whole main wind and blood. Cook it and soak it in wine.
3 "Materia Medica": The main rheumatism is hidden in muscles, paralysis.
4 "New Compendium of Materia Medica": Main injury.
5 "Seeking Materia Medica": robbing stubborn phlegm.
6 "scientific folk herbs": it is * * *, which can relieve spasms and relieve pain. Treat asthma.
Oral administration and dosage: decoction, 1 ~ 2 points; Soak in wine or take pills or powder. External use: pounding.
pay attention to
This product is toxic and should not be taken for a long time. People with physical weakness should not take it.
Additional prescription
1 Used for treating rheumatism, weakness of hands and feet, pain of limbs, and speech disorder: the number of flowers is not limited, so it must be steamed with wine for a long time, taken out and dried, and mashed into minced radish. Mix it with milk, warm it, and adjust the money. (Sheng Huifang)
2. Treating wind-phlegm pain: flowers and rhizoma arisaematis. When it was raw, it was mashed into cakes, steamed four or five times, filled with thin capsules of Radix Puerariae, and temporarily baked into powder. Steamed cakes are very big. Take three pills with warm wine at a time. Lumbar and ankle pain, clothes hollowed out; My arm hurts. Eat it after eating. ("Continued Letter")
3. To cure women's bloody wind and stop the pain, use the rest: half of flowers, dried scorpions (all fried), half of aconite (baked, umbilical cord peeled) and 20 pieces of earthworm (dried in the shade). On the four flavors, it is the end of grinding Luo, and honey pills are as big as red beans. Take five to seven capsules each time and fry Schizonepeta tenuifolia in wine for two days. ("Sheng Ji Zong Lu" Wandering Pill)
Treatment of left paralysis and right paralysis: Radix Rehmanniae, Fructus Viticis negundo (whitening), Bombyx Batryticatus (parching to remove silk), Oletum Trogopterori (peeling), water chestnut (parching), Rhizoma Arisaematis, Herba Polygoni Avicularis, and Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii (processing). The top is fine powder, and Pinellia ternata is boiled with wine, and the pill is as big as longan. Take one pill at a time and divide it into four parts. Swallow the wine and take it twice a day. ("Bureau" Fu)
5. Treatment of nervous headache and migraine: Mash fresh rhododendron and apply it externally to the back of the head or the sore spot for two to three hours. (Common Folk Herbs in Zhejiang)
6. Treatment of trauma: 320 yuan, San Qian, Xiaobo 120 yuan, and 220 yuan, Zelan. * * * Mash, stir-fry with wine, and apply to the affected area. (Guangxi Chinese herbal medicine)
7 cure malaria: sheep spend a penny, tender pine tips five dollars, and decoct soup. (Hunan Pharmacology)
8 cure toothache caused by wind worm: wandering for one dollar, kusnezoff monkshood for two and a half dollars. Finally, the wax pill is very big. Wrap a pill in cotton, take a bite and chase saliva. (The Fairy of the Sea)
9. Treating the crux of abdomen (surgical anesthetic): San Qian, Jasmine Root, Angelica sinensis (according to Zhang Ji's supplementary note in The Biography of Hua Tuo in Han Dynasty, the dosage of Angelica sinensis is 32), and Acorus calamus scores 3 points. Fry the bowl with water. ("The Secret Biography of Huatuo Imperial Doctor" Ma Feisan)
Ten treatments for stubborn skin itching: five dollars for fresh trouble. Crush and rub the affected area. (Mindong Herbs)
⑾ Treating the lump: Fresh roses rub the affected area; Or drying in the sun, grinding into powder, and applying sesame oil to the affected part. (Common Folk Herbs in Zhejiang)
Various exhibitions
1 Classic Documentary Evidence: Sheep are also poisonous. But it can dispel wind, cold and dampness, so it can treat evil arthralgia. Arthralgia is also caused by cold and dampness. However, there is no one who is not deficient in vitality and has a poor spleen and stomach. When these poisons are used, they should be used in combination with drugs for calming stomach and qi and blood.
2 "New Compendium of Materia Medica": If we have to overcome external evils, we can only use it occasionally to win by surprise, but not frequently to show off our differences. ..... Can only use three points, seriously injured people must not exceed the ear of a dollar.
3 "Textual Research on Plant Names and Facts": Soushan Tiger is a sheep's hoof, which has been used in ancient times, but this soup is not available. According to Luo Siju's "This Sketch", Soushan Tiger can cure traumatic injuries, and internal injuries need medicine. The severe one is one and a half yuan, and the light one is one and a half yuan, so it is not appropriate to use it more. Leaves fall after frost, but dead roots still exist. Doctors in Hunan believe that the medicine published in Yangming Classic is that kind of medicine. This medicine is still in common use.
clinical application
1 used for surgical anesthesia.
5% Flos rhododendri injection was used for ear point anesthesia, with 0. 1 ~ 0.2ml for each point and 0.2 ~ 1.0ml for body point anesthesia. No more than 5 acupoints in the ear and no more than 12 acupoints in the body. Generally, the operation can be started within 5 ~ 10 minutes after injection. After anesthesia, all patients complained of acupoint pain and swelling, that is, this reaction could still occur during the operation. From the anesthesia process of 94 cases of operation, it was found that the acupuncture point anesthesia of rhododendron has a good effect on head, neck, chest and abdomen, but it has a poor effect on limbs, spine, perineum, genitals and hernia. Ear point anesthesia for lower esophageal cancer 1 case, diaphragm was cut open and lymph nodes on both sides of cardia were cleaned. The operation lasted eight hours. Results There was no discomfort except mild shortness of breath during operation. In addition, 5% azalea injection 100 cases and vitamin b injection 1 case were used as ear point anesthesia. The results show that the former has better analgesic effect than the latter, with shorter induction time and less times of using the auxiliary drug (Demerol). After 5% Naoyanghua injection 15 ~ 30 minutes of auricular point injection, the patient's blood pressure gradually increased, and he passed the operation smoothly and safely. There have been some cases of needle fainting during body point anesthesia. In addition, 50% Flos rhododendri mollis 1 ~ 2 ml intramuscular injection, and 5 ~ 10 mg Flos Daturae alkaloid intravenous injection combined with appropriate amount of auxiliary anesthesia can also achieve good anesthetic effect. According to the experiment and clinical observation, the combination of Flos rhododendri mollis and Flos Daturae can play a synergistic role, enhance the anesthetic effect of Flos Daturae, and offset or reduce the side effects of Flos Daturae.
Treat joint pain (joint swelling and pain, or dyskinesia)
Take 4 taels of Rhododendron and 2 taels of Rosa laevigata root 1 tael, wash and soak in distilled liquor 1 kg, 1 month. Adults take15 ~ 20ml of medicinal liquor every night, and those with weak constitution are10 ~15ml (not excessive), which has the functions of relieving pain, reducing swelling and restoring joint activity. Pregnant women and people with obvious physical weakness should not take it. If you have mild discomfort or poisoning, you should stop taking medicine immediately and take antidote such as mung bean soup to relieve it.
Excerpt from * dictionary