Collection of plant specimens:

Before collecting specimens, information on the natural environment and social conditions of the collection site should be collected so that the collection work can be carefully arranged. At the same time, you should prepare the necessities for collecting specimens, mainly including: collection tube or collection bag (plastic bag), specimen folder (or two 45 cm × 30 cm square boards), table paper (a cardboard shell slightly smaller than the specimen folder), Specimen paper (strongly absorbent straw paper, slightly smaller than the specimen folder), branch shears, root shovel, rope, labels, field recording paper, etc.

Requirements for collecting plant specimens:

1. When collecting herbaceous plants, try to select plants with correct plant shapes, appropriate plant height, and as many roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds as possible. Complete plants. Since flowers and fruits are the main basis for identification of plants, try to maintain the integrity of the specimens. To collect short herbaceous plants, dig out the roots. If the specimen is tall, it can be collected in three sections: upper, middle, and lower, with roots, leaves, and flowers (fruits) respectively, and then combined into one specimen.

2. When collecting woody plants, the tops of plant sticks with stems, leaves, flowers or fruits should be cut.

3. The branches collected must be representative. It is necessary to collect robust plants that grow in normal environments, and do not collect abnormal plants, plants with diseases and insect pests; it is necessary to collect typical branches that represent the characteristics of plants, and do not collect long branches, budding branches, dense branches, etc.

4. The collected specimens must be placed in the collection tube (or collection bag). If the plant is soft, it should be padded with straw paper and pressed in the specimen folder.

5. The collected plants should be numbered immediately. Use a pencil to record the plant name, collection location, collection time, ecological environment, collector's name, serial number, etc. on the license plate.

The process of making plant specimens:

1. Shaping

Prune excess and overlapping branches so that most branches, leaves, and flowers can be flattened with the front side facing upwards. , the back side of a few leaves and flowers faces upward, and longer herbs or vines can be bent in "V", "N" and "W" shapes to make the branches and leaves dense and beautiful.

Second, pressing

Take a specimen clip as the base plate, place 5 to 6 pieces of specimen paper, space the specimens one by one from the specimen paper, lay them flat on the specimen paper, and then Cover another specimen holder and tie it tightly with a string.

3. Air dry and change paper

Put the specimen clip in a dry and ventilated place to dry. Every once in a while, replace the damp paper in the specimen holder with dry specimen paper and reshape the specimen at the same time. Change the paper twice a day initially, and then once a day until the specimen is dry. If the plant contains a lot of water, the number of paper changes can be increased appropriately.

Four. Disinfection

Put the pressed and dried specimens into a closed box and fumigate them with insecticide fumigants (such as carbon disulfide, etc.) for 3 days.

Fifth, place the table paper

Use transparent tape to fix the processed specimen in the appropriate position of the table paper, stick a label on the lower right corner of the table paper, and then place it along the left or right side of the table paper. Attach the cover paper on top.

6. Write a label?

The label should indicate the plant name (scientific name, family name), collection location, collection date, collector, appraiser, ecological environment, serial number, etc.

Precautions for making plant specimens

1. Pay attention to safety when collecting specimens to prevent falls and punctures, and do not eat or taste randomly to prevent poisoning.

2. When pressing with a book without a specimen clip, in order to prevent wrinkles from appearing after the specimen dries, a certain amount of pressure must be applied during pressing.

3. Use cardboard to prevent the specimen from breaking.

4. For rare plants that are under national key protection or are rare in the local area, not only do not collect them, but they must also be protected.

5. When using insecticidal fumigants for disinfection, you should pay attention to safety and prevent poisoning.

Preservation of plant specimens

1. Preservation in the dark. If the specimen is often exposed to sunlight, it will easily lose its original color, so it should be stored away from light.

2. Store at appropriate temperature. The temperature for storing specimens should be between 0 and 28°C. If the temperature is too high, the specimen will deform and rot; if the temperature is too low, the color of the specimen will change and the surface will shrink.

3. Avoid moving specimens frequently to prevent the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. Sort the specimens into categories and store them in specimen cabinets.

4. Specimens should not be stored for too long.