Supplement:
Potato, a perennial herb of Solanaceae, is the third most important food crop in the world, second only to wheat and corn. Potato, also known as egg, potato, potato, etc., is the tuber of Solanaceae. Together with wheat, corn, rice and sorghum, it has become the five major crops in the world. Potatoes are native to the Andes in South America, and the history of artificial cultivation can be traced back to the southern part of Peru from about 8000 BC to 5000 BC. The main potato producing countries are China, Russian, Indian, Ukrainian and American. China is the country with the largest total potato production in the world. In 20 15, China will start the potato staple food strategy, and promote the processing of potatoes into steamed bread, noodles, rice noodles and other staple foods, and potatoes will become another staple food besides rice, wheat and corn. If you fry potatoes when you eat them, it is easy to turn the starch in potatoes into denatured starch, which is not good for people's health.
After the potato is harvested, it can't germinate for a long time in an environment suitable for germination, which belongs to physiological natural dormancy and is an adaptability to adverse environment. Tuber dormancy begins when the stolon tip stops polar growth and the tuber begins to swell. The length of dormancy period is related to the storage of tuber, whether it can emerge in time after sowing, and therefore to the yield. The dormancy period of potato is greatly influenced by storage temperature. Under the condition of about 26 degrees Celsius, the dormancy period varies from 1 month to more than 3 months due to different varieties. Potatoes can remain dormant for a long time at the temperature of 0-4 degrees Celsius. The dormancy process of potato is determined by the direction of enzyme activity and closely related to environmental conditions.