In every 100 grams of bitter melon, 94% of water, 1 gram of protein, 3.7 grams of carbohydrates, can provide 71.2 kilojoules of calories. Bitter melon contains a substance with antioxidant effect, which can strengthen capillaries, promote blood circulation and prevent arteriosclerosis. Bitter melon also has the effect of clearing heat and relieving heatstroke, reducing swelling and detoxification. [3]
Nutritional composition
Edible part of 81%, per 100g contains 79kJ of energy, 93.48g of water, 1g of protein, 0.1g of fat, 1.4g of dietary fiber, 3.5g of carbohydrates, 0. 6g of ash, 100μg of carotenoids, 17μg of retinol, 0.03mg of thiamin, 0.03mg of riboflavin, Niacin 0.4mg; vitamin C 56mg, vitamin E 0.85mg; potassium 256mg, sodium 2.5mg, calcium 14mg, magnesium 18mg, iron 0.7mg, manganese 0.16mg, zinc 0.36mg, copper 0.06mg, phosphorus 35mg, selenium 0.36μg. also contains glucoside lowering the role of bitter melon.
Nutritional analysis
Promote diet, anti-inflammatory and fever: bitter melon in the bitter melon glucoside and bitter taste can enhance appetite, spleen and stomach; alkaloid quinine, with diuretic blood, anti-inflammatory and fever, clearing the mind and eyes.
Anti-cancer and anti-cancer: bitter melon protein components and a large number of vitamin C can improve the body's immune function, so that the immune cells have the role of killing cancer cells; bitter melon juice contains a certain protein components, can strengthen the ability of macrophages, clinically effective for lymphosarcoma and leukemia; from the bitter melon seeds extracted from the trypsin inhibitor, can inhibit the secretion of the protein enzyme of the cancer cells, to prevent the growth of malignant tumors. .
The bitter gourd contains the bitter taste pigment can inhibit the malignant tumor secretion protein, prevent and control the growth and spread of cancer cells. Foreign experiments have found that bitter melon can make the human tongue, throat, the bottom of the oral cavity, nasopharynx cancer cell growth is inhibited.
The anti-cancer mechanism of protein and bitter melon in bitter melon is mainly that they can activate the defense function of the body's immune system, enhance the activity of immune cells, inhibit the proliferation of cells or kill them. Japanese scientists believe that bitter melon protein can improve the body's immune function, can promote immune cells to destroy cancer cells.
Bitter melon contains protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, a variety of minerals and vitamins. The content of vitamin c and vitamin B1 in bitter melon is higher than that of general vegetables. Domestic and foreign research has found that bitter melon for AIDS, cancer and diabetes prevention and treatment has potential food value. Japanese medical scientists have also proved that the bitter melon protein in bitter melon is also very effective in the treatment of cancer. American scientists have found that bitter melon contains one or more proteins with anti-cancer rationality.
Lowering Blood Sugar: The fresh juice of bitter melon contains bitter melon glycosides and insulin-like substances, which have good hypoglycemic effect and are ideal food for diabetic patients.
Bitter melon has a high nutritional value, per 100 grams of edible part of the tender melon containing crude protein 0.7 ~ 3.0 grams, 0.2 grams of fat, 1.8 ~ 3.0 grams of sugar, 1.7 ~ 2.5 grams of crude fiber, calcium 18 ~ 20 mg, phosphorus 20 ~ 80 mg, iron 0.6 mg, 0.08 milligrams of carotene, vitamin B 0.7 milligrams of vitamin B. Bitter melon's vitamin C content up to 56～160 milligrams, for the first melon vegetables.
Bitter melon is a treasure, its roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds in all parts of the world have medicinal records, China's (Materia Medica) said: bitter melon "bitter cold, non-toxic, in addition to the evil heat, to relieve fatigue, clearing the mind and eyesight, benefit the qi yang"; scholars at home and abroad have also reported that the bitter melon has a hypoglycemic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-virus, enhance immunity and abortifacient. , improve immunity and abortion, anti-fertility and other roles, and especially on the role played by bitter melon in the prevention of tumors is more concerned. [4]
Therapeutic value
Bitter melon smell bitter, non-toxic, cold, into the heart, liver, spleen, lung meridian
Pictures of bitter melon
Pictures of bitter melon (19)
Has the efficacy of clearing away heat and heatstroke, clearing the eyes and removing toxins, lowering pressure and lowering blood sugar, diuretic and cooling the blood, relieving labor and clearing the heart and benefiting the qi and Yang. It has the effect of cooling and quenching thirst, clearing heat and toxins, clearing the mind and eyesight, benefiting the qi and relieving fatigue, and benefiting the kidneys and diuretics. Bitter melon contains a variety of vitamins, minerals, contains fat-cleansing, weight loss special ingredients, can accelerate detoxification. According to research findings, it also has good hypoglycemic, antiviral and anti-cancer effects.
The main treatment for heatstroke, summer fever and thirst, summer boils, prickly heat excess, dysentery, sores and swelling, conjunctivitis, eye redness and pain, carbuncles and swollen poisons, burns, oliguria and other diseases. In addition, bitter melon has a high content of vitamin C, which has the effect of preventing scurvy, protecting cell membranes, preventing atherosclerosis, improving the body's stress capacity, and protecting the heart [5].
Health and beauty
In the hot summer women often apply iced slices of bitter melon, can immediately relieve the dryness of the skin, and bitter melon can also moisturize the fair skin, calm and moisturize the skin. [6] The nutritional value of the bitter melon is extremely rich, with the heat to dispel heat, diuretic cool blood, relieve labor and clear the heart, benefit the efficacy of qi and yang in the summer for the majority of friends is very favorable.
Bitter melon cold taste bitter, into the heart, lungs, stomach, has a summer thirst, lower blood pressure, blood fat, beauty, promote metabolism and other functions. Bitter melon is rich in vitamin B1, vitamin C and minerals, long-term consumption, can maintain high energy, the treatment of acne has great benefits.
Bitter melon is also known as: Laigua, Jin (gold) Lychee, Laigua grapes, Laigua, red girl, Lianggua, Junzi vegetable. Bitter melon is native to eastern India and spread to southern China around the beginning of the Ming Dynasty. Bitter melon belongs to the cucurbit family and it is a trailing annual plant. Its stems, leaves, flowers and fruits all look peculiar and can be cultivated as ornamental plants.
Chinese medicine believes that the warmth of the spleen and stomach, or the lung meridian contains heat, or the digestive tract dysfunction, or Chong Ren disorders, rising stagnation in the face into acne.
Summer is the most common season for acne. In summer, the temperature rises suddenly, the human body sweats more, the sebaceous glands secrete more sebum, plus the clothes are not breathable or friction with the body, resulting in acne outbreak characteristics.
So in the summer, you should eat less spicy and greasy, high heat and high sugar, eat more crude fiber food, such as; vegetables, bitter melon, carrots, etc., and pay attention to drink more water.
Weight loss
Bitter melon diet need to adhere to and need to eat a minimum of two to three per day, while supplementing the necessary nutrients, simply eat bitter melon does not provide the body with the necessary nutrients, weight loss should be based on the principle of physical health.
Medicinal value
Chemical composition
Bitter gourd
Bitter gourd
Bitter gourd
The fruit contains bitter gourd glycoside (Charantin), which is a β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside (β-Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside) and 5,25-Stigmastadienol-3-glucoside (5,25-Stigmastadienol). 25-Stigmastadien-3β-ol-β-D-glucoside) in an isomolecular mixture. It also contains 5-hydroxytryptamine and various amino acids such as glutamic acid, alanine, β-alanine, phenylalanine, proline, α-aminobutyric acid, citrulline, galacturonic acid, and pectin [6]. It also contains lipids (lipid), of which the fatty acids are palmitic acid; stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and elacostearic acid [7].
Pharmacological effects
Bitter gourd
Bitter gourd
Blood sugar lowering effects. Normal as well as rabbits suffering from tetracycline diabetes mellitus infused with bitter melon pulp juice resulted in a significant reduction in blood sugar. Hyperglycemia induced by subcutaneous injection of anterior pituitary infusion of rats, dosed with an aqueous extract of bitter melon syrup juice also has a blood glucose-lowering effect. Oral administration of bitter melon glucoside to rabbits can reduce blood glucose, the mode of action and toluene sulfobutylurea similar and stronger, the removal of the pancreas in cats to reduce blood glucose did not completely disappear, so its hypoglycemia, including the pancreas and non-pancreas two kinds of effects. It is also believed that the hypoglycemic effect of bitter melon juice and dry extract of the fruit on normal and diabetic rabbits is not true. Oral administration of alcoholic extracts of bitter melon did not lower blood sugar in diabetics.
1. can inhibit fat absorption
Each 100 grams of bitter melon only 18 kcal calories, 7 kcal less than the weight loss of the United States favorite tomato, only 3 kcal more than the cucumber, but it is more satiated. And the bitter melon contained in it, according to experiments found that 1 mg can prevent 100 grams of fat absorption.
2. Reduce fire and swelling
Bitter melon can remove evil heat, relieve labor, clear the mind and eyes, summer consumption of cool summer. And it can also quickly eliminate toxins and avoid the accumulation of toxins in the body.
3. Beauty
Rich vitamin C can enhance immunity and prevent cardiovascular disease. Together with the special physiological active protein, it can help skin renewal and wound healing, and has the effect of skin care and beauty.
4. Reduce blood sugar
Bitter melon contains ingredients that promote insulin secretion, which helps control blood sugar and prevent diabetes.
5. Anti-cancer effect
Bitter melon can block fat absorption, with weight loss effect, but also a very strong anti-cancer master. One of the bitter melon seeds can also stop the growth of malignant tumors