Let's see if this is appropriate.
Hypertension is a multi-factor, multi-link, multi-stage and individual difference disease, and the etiology and pathogenesis are different among different individuals. Hypertension used to be a common disease of the elderly, but now many middle-aged men and even teenagers will suffer from it.
Hypertension must be controlled. The research shows that if the systolic blood pressure drops by 65,438+00-20mmhg or the diastolic blood pressure drops by 5-6mmHg, the incidence of stroke will be reduced by 38%, the risk of coronary heart disease will be reduced by 65,438+06%, the mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases will be reduced by 20%, and the probability of heart failure will be reduced by more than 50%, and high-risk patients will benefit more obviously.
But the control here not only refers to drug control, but also includes lifestyle changes, that is, reducing salt, sugar, oil, tobacco and alcohol, losing weight, exercising, supplementing potassium salt and relieving mental stress.
Lifestyle intervention is subtraction therapy, and drug therapy is addition therapy. Subtraction therapy is more economical, and you can totally rely on yourself. Additive therapy requires good cooperation between doctors and patients. The former makes plans, while the latter carries them out seriously. Lifestyle intervention should run through life.
Adverse reactions of antihypertensive drugs
Antihypertensive drugs are a double-edged sword, which may bring a variety of adverse reactions while lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although the incidence is low, it does exist.
For example, the first-line antihypertensive drugs in clinic, such as nitrendipine, amlodipine, felodipine and other calcium antagonists, may cause leg edema, gingival hyperplasia, rapid heartbeat and facial flushing.
Beta blockers (metoprolol, bisoprolol, etc. ) can slow down the heart rate, damage the heart conduction, and may also have adverse reactions such as fatigue and Raynaud phenomenon.
Diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, Shoubishan, etc. ) can cause electrolyte disorders, such as low potassium, and may also affect sugar metabolism.
Prilides (enalapril, ramipril, perindopril, etc. ) and ARB (candesartan, valsartan, losartan, telmisartan, etc. ) may cause cough and vascular edema.
Monolithic compound preparations include ARB and diuretic compound preparations, such as losartan, hydrochlorothiazide, valsartan and amlodipine.
There are also some central antihypertensive drugs, which belong to second-line antihypertensive drugs, such as methyldopa, clonidine, reserpine and their compound preparations, such as compound antihypertensive tablets, antihypertensive No.0 and so on. These compound preparations are widely used at the grassroots level because of their low prices.
The main components of these two compound preparations are reserpine, hydralazine and hydrochlorothiazide, but the dosage of Jiangya 0 is greater than that of Compound Jiangya Tablet. The main reasons for this kind of drugs to retreat to the second line are many adverse reactions and poor patient tolerance.
Side effects of antihypertensive drugs on men
Central antihypertensive drugs and compound preparations may affect erectile function, and reserpine and clonidine may also cause depression.
First-line antihypertensive drugs may also affect male sexual function.
Clinically, the probability of erectile dysfunction in male patients with hypertension is much higher than that in normal men. Because hypertension can cause atherosclerosis and narrow the arterial lumen. Male genital blood vessels are very small and easily damaged, which limits the blood flow filling of cavernous body and damages erectile function.
Antihypertensive drugs may also cause erectile dysfunction in men. At present, antihypertensive drugs that may lead to erectile dysfunction mainly refer to diuretics, beta blockers and central antihypertensive drugs. Whether the calcium antagonist of Horizon has erectile dysfunction is still inconclusive.
A few years ago, I treated a patient with hypertension in his prime, and his blood pressure was well controlled. After a while, the high voltage soared to 200mmHg. When I asked, I stopped taking the medicine; As soon as I took the medicine, my blood pressure dropped. After a while, it will get higher, and it will be fine after taking the medicine, and it will be repeated. Doubt, the reason for stopping the drug is that antihypertensive drugs affect erectile function and stop the drug on their own.
In the past, hypertension was mostly a disease of middle-aged and elderly people. In recent years, the onset age of hypertension has been advanced again and again, and some young people under the age of 20 have become ill. Like the 22-year-old male hypertension mentioned at the beginning of this article, improving the lifestyle of these hypertensive patients can well lower blood pressure and avoid the possible adverse reactions of antihypertensive drugs.
In addition, it should be emphasized that some patients do not take antihypertensive drugs for fear of side effects, but they do not lower their blood pressure by improving their lifestyle. This is a big mistake.
summary
Hypertension is a fatal and disabling disease, and the hypertensive population has become the largest chronic disease group in China, with nearly 300 million people.
Only by lowering blood pressure can we work healthily and enjoy life better. Once the blood pressure is found to be on the high side, follow the doctor's advice on the premise of improving the lifestyle, and combine drugs as small as possible. If there are adverse reactions during medication, contact the doctor in time to make corresponding adjustments.
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