Unlike last year's influenza B, the main subtypes of influenza viruses in our province this year are H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes.
With the continued low temperatures in winter, influenza activity may continue to remain at a high level, and is expected to last until early February.
Jia Xinhua, deputy director of the Pulmonary Disease Department of the Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said: "Don't be in a hurry to get a shot for the flu first
In fact, there is not much point in getting a shot after getting the flu. The flu is a viral infection rather than a bacterial infection, and antibiotics in general are used to kill bacteria, and have little effect on viral infections. Shots and antibiotics are not recommended to treat the flu.
Treatment with antibiotics is only possible if a viral infection is followed by a concurrent bacterial infection.
In November 2018, the General Office of the National Health Commission and the Office of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine issued a notice on the issuance of the Influenza Diagnostic and Treatment Program (2018 Edition Revised).
Antiviral treatment: three western medicines are still firm
The Program said that patients with severe or high risk factors for severe influenza should be given anti-influenza virus treatment as early as possible, and they do not have to wait for the results of the viral test.
Antiviral therapy within 48 hours of onset of illness can reduce complications, mortality, and hospitalization; patients with severe illness beyond 48 hours of onset of illness can still benefit from antiviral therapy.
The protocol states that neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are effective against both influenza A and B.
(1) The NAIs have been shown to be effective against influenza A and B.
(1) Oseltamivir (capsule/granule):
The adult dose is 75mg twice daily, and children 1 year of age and older should be given according to their weight: 30mg twice daily for those weighing less than 15kg; 45mg twice daily for those weighing 15-23kg; 60mg twice daily for those weighing 23-40kg; 75mg twice daily for those weighing 40kg and above. For those weighing more than 40Kg, 75mg twice daily. The course of treatment is 5 days, and the course of treatment can be extended appropriately for patients with severe diseases. In patients with renal insufficiency, the dose should be adjusted according to renal function.
(2) Zanamivir:
For adults and adolescents over 7 years of age, the use: twice a day, 12 hours apart; 10mg each time (divided into two inhalation). However, the inhaler is not recommended for use in patients who are severely ill or have comorbidities.
(3) Paramivir:
Adult dosage of 300-600mg, less than 30d newborns 6mg/kg, 31-90d infants 8mg/kg, 91d-17 years old children 10mg/kg, intravenous drip, once a day, 1-5 days, severe cases of the course of treatment can be The course of treatment can be extended appropriately in severe cases. Currently, there is limited data on clinical application, and adverse reactions should be closely observed.
Chinese medicine treatment: these drugs are still effective
1, mild identification of the treatment program
(1) wind-heat offending Wei
The main symptom: the early onset of the disease, fever or not fever, throat red discomfort, coughing and little sputum, no sweat.
Tongue and pulse: red tongue, thin or greasy moss, floating pulse.
Treatment: evacuating wind and relieving the surface, clearing heat and removing toxins.
Basic formula: Yin Qiao San combined with Sang Ju Drink plus and minus
Ingredients: silver flower 15g, forsythia 15g, mulberry leaf 10g, chrysanthemum 10g, platycodonopsis 10g, burdock 15g, bamboo leaf 6g, rehmannia 30g, peppermint (after the next) 3g, raw licorice 3g .
Add and subtract:
Thick and greasy fur on the tongue, add Huo Xiang 10g, Pei Lan 10g;
Cough, add almond 10g, roasted loquat leaf 10g;
Diarrhea, add Huang Lian 6g, Mullein 3g;
Pharyngeal pain, add 9g of Jin Dengcang, 15g of Xuan Shen.
If vomiting, you can use Huang Lian 6g, Su Ye 10g decoction of water to take frequently.
Commonly used proprietary Chinese medicines:
To relieve the wind and remove the surface, clearing heat and detoxification, such as Jinhua clear sensory particles, Lianhua clear plague capsule (granules), Qingkailing granules (capsules, soft capsules, tablets), wind detoxification capsule, Yinqiao detoxification, Sangju cold and flu, and so on. Children can choose children's anti-sensory granules, pediatric Bei Qiao Qing Heat Granules and so on.
(2) heat poisoning lungs
Symptoms: high fever, cough, phlegm viscous sputum, thirst and drink, sore throat, red eyes.
Tongue and pulse: red tongue, yellow or greasy moss, slippery pulse.
Treatment: clearing away heat and removing toxins, promoting the lung to stop cough.
The basic formula: hemp apricot Shi Gan Tang Plus Reduction
Scorched ephedra 5g, almonds 10g, gypsum (first decoction) 30g, Zhi Mu 10g, Zhe Bei Mu 10g, Platycodon grandiflorum 10g, Scutellaria baicalensis 15g, Chai Hu 15g, raw licorice 10g
Add and subtract:
Constipation plus raw rhubarb (after the next) 6g;
thick greasy moss plus Atractylodis Macrocephalae 10g, thick Park 10g;
persistent high fever plus Artemisia annua 15g, Dampi 10g.
Commonly used proprietary Chinese medicines:
Clearing the heat and detoxification, lung cough category, such as Lianhua Qingdian capsule (granules), Yinhuang type of preparations, Lotus clearing the heat of the preparations and so on. Children can choose pediatric lung-heat cough granules (oral solution), pediatric cough spirit granules (oral solution), antelope horn powder.
2, severe diagnosis and treatment program
(1) toxic heat congestion of the lung
The main symptoms: high fever does not go away, heavy cough, little or no sputum, shortness of breath, head and body pain; or with palpitations, restlessness.
Tongue and pulse: red tongue, thin yellow or greasy moss, stringy pulse.
Treatment: detoxification and purging of heat, diarrhea of the lungs and activation of collaterals.
Basic formula: Xuanbai Chengqi Tang plus subtractions
Scorched ephedra 6g, raw gypsum (first decoction) 40g, almonds 9g, Zhimu 10g, Fritillariae Cirrhosae 15g, Draba hebecarpa 10g, Scutellariae Scutellariae 10g, Zhebeimu 10g, raw rhubarb (after the next) 6g, Artemisiae artemisiae 15g, red peony 10g, raw glycyrrhiza glabra 3g
Add and subtract:
Persistent high fever plus Antelope horn powder 0.6g (divided punch), Angong Niu Huang Wan 1 pill;
abdominal distension and constipation add Citrus aurantium 9g, Yuanming powder 6g (divided punch);
shortness of breath aggravated with sweating and fatigue, add xiyangshen 10g, Schisandra chinensis 6g.
(2) poisonous heat internal sinking, internal closure and external detachment
main symptoms: confusion and indifference, lips, claws and nails purplish darkness, shallow respiration, cackling, pink blood water, chest and abdomen. Pink blood, burning heat in the chest and abdomen, cold extremities, sweating, and low urine output.
Tongue and pulse: reddish-red or dark tongue, sunken and fine pulse.
Treatment: benefiting Qi and consolidating detoxification, clearing heat and removing toxins.
Basic formula: ginseng and sorrel soup plus reduction
15g of raw sun-dried ginseng, 10g of cannabinoids (first decoction), 6g of Huanglian (yellow rhubarb), 20g of honeysuckle, 6g of raw rhubarb, 15g of Artemisia, 15g of dogwood, 10g of Hovenia citrifolia
3. Recovery period identification and treatment plan
Deficiency of both qi and yin, and the positive qi has not yet been restored
The main symptom: fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath, cough, low phlegm, poor appetite. Cough, little sputum, and poor appetite.
Tongue and veins: dark or reddish tongue, thin and greasy moss, fine pulse.
Treatment: benefit qi and nourish yin.
Basic formula: Sha Shen Maimendong Tang Plus Reduction
Sha Shen 15g, Maimendong 15g, Fructus schisandrae chinensis 10g, Fructus zeylanicum 10g, almonds 10g, Artemisia annua 10g, Roasted loquat leaf 10g, Jiao Sanxian 10g
The above formula are all with decoction:
Decocted with water, decocted with water of 400 milliliters for each dose, each time 200 milliliters orally, 1 day, 2 times; if necessary, can be taken daily. 2 times; if necessary, can take 2 doses a day, every 6 hours oral once, each time 200 milliliters.
(synthesized: the Health Commission website, burst three samples, flash news, Shouguang Radio and Television, poster news)