Overview of the water system

Gui River, one of the major tributaries of the Pearl River Basin mainstem Xijiang River system level 1, its upper reaches of the Daxujiang River originated in the first peak of Guangxi - Cat's Child Mountain (Xing'an County, Huajiang Township) northeast of the southern foothills of the Laoshan Boundary, flowing southward to the town of Sol River and the convergence of the Lingqu River; and then flow through Lingchuan County, Guilin City, Yangshuo County to Pingle County Gongcheng River convergence of the river known as Gui Jiang; and then flowed through Zhaoping County, Cangwu County to Wuchou City, which converge into the Xijiang River. The main stream Xunjiang River. Total length of 426 kilometers, basin area of 19,288 square kilometers.

Wuzhou, Guangxi Guijiang Xijiang merge River source section

Guijiang source out of the main peak of the Yuechengling Cat Mountain northeast of the old mountain boundary after the southern foot, the upper reaches of the section known as the Turtle River, the Turtle River from north to south, to the East Ridge, right to the South Bay River, to the Tongfang side, the right to the Sandy Wood River, after the name of the collection of the Yi River. South to Qiaotouzhai, the left side of the Black Hole River. South to Qianxiang (Qianjiashi), right after the Longtang River, the name of the six Pangyong River. And south to Leipizhou, right to the Baiyan River. Flows south to Shengping, Huajiang from the east into. Continue to flow south to 1 kilometer south of the Division before the door. Left and right respectively, the Huangbai River, Chuanjiang River into the following section of the river called the Daxue River.

Big Sol River section

Xing'an County, Sol River Township, Division of the following section of the village, to the Xing'an County, Rongjiang Township, the mouth of the ancient spiritual canal, called the Big Sol River. The length of Xing'an County is 12.7 kilometers.

The main tributary, the Huangbai River, originates in the eastern part of the Yuechengling Mountains in the territory of Resources County, Taibiao boundary. From north to south flow, through the filler, in the hole, in the row of mountain concave into the territory of Xing'an County, through the Wenjiawan, there is a quiet pond side of the river and free of the river successively from the west and east to join. To the south through Su Jiawan to the wave of the river, there are vanilla river from the west to converge to the Qingshui River, the east side of the river into the small river. Folding southwest flow, there are Zhirong River from north to south into the river, and southwest flow, out of the white peach into the open area, through the tea source head to the Division of the front of the South 1 miles into the Daxue River. Xing'an within the river length of 35.4 kilometers, 18.88 square kilometers outside the county.

Li River section

Dasol River flows south to the old Water Street and the ancient Lingqu, the following section of the river is called the Li River. And continued to flow southwest to Dabutou, there are moonlight hole river and small sol river respectively from the left and right sides of the confluence. And then to the southwest flow 800 meters, there is a railroad bridge across the Sol River, folded to the west flow 1.6 kilometers out of Xing'an County. Lingqu and small Sol River is the main tributary of the section.

Small Sol River, is the right bank of the Li River section of the Gui River, a tributary of the first class, originating in the two water townships of Resources County, south of Tang Pangyang village, the south foot of the west of the Vietcong Ridge, Daiyunshan southeast of the large pass, from north to south through Xing'an County, Lingchuan County, in Xing'an County, Tiandong to the opposite shore of the Dabutou to merge into the Li River.

Lingquan, is a tributary of the left bank of the Guijiang River, its South Drainage Channel from the South Steeple mouth, through the Yan Guan, flowing to the town of Sol River, the old street of the Spirit of the River mouth into the Guijiang River section of the Lijiang River, a total length of about 33.15 kilometers, the South Drainage Channel to Xiangjiang River water is about 3, the maximum diversion of flow for 6 cubic meters per second.

Lingchuan County territory into the tributaries are:

Baiyunjiang, formerly known as the Baiyinjiang or North Soluble River, originating in the North Barrier Mountain and the south side of the Sheungling, the source of the elevation of 853.9 meters, the south into the Baiyunjiang Reservoir. Downstream by small streams, crossing the Xianggui Railway, through the Liutian to Sanjiexu injected into the Li River. River length 9.2 kilometers, watershed area of 20.9 square kilometers. Downstream of Baiyun River, soil erosion is serious.

Lujiang River, originating from the De Wang Ling south of the gall river Ping, altitude 871.3 meters, sinking Huangzhou water into the river, meandering southeast flow, through the Zilingmen, Xin'an village, Zhaojiatian, through the Na mill groove boundaries, wells eye ponds, copper rainwater door, Lao'an, the Lingchong water, through the railroad to the Sanjiexu injected into the Li River, the River is 20.18 kilometers long, with a watershed area of 58.85 square kilometers.

Gantang River, known as Longyan River or Lingyan River, is the largest tributary of the Li River in the territory. The river is 60 kilometers long, with a total watershed area of 767.22 square kilometers.

Peach Blossom River, the ancient name of the river, Yangjiang or called the Scribble Pond River. Originated in the fair township along the mouth of the village (formerly known as the hole in the village) north, 756 meters above sea level, the south flow through the bottom of the boundary to the middle of the river, Nada Leri water, folding the west flow subject to the Yamaguchi water, turn south flow through the Tiandong to the Zhaiji village out of Lingui County, boarding house; continue to the south flow through the bottom of the back of the river, under the West Hill, subject to the Zhaiji, rocky mountain, Tangjia, the next home, the new cottage, the Ma-an all the water, through the new construction, the Chaozhaotian Naliu village water, folding the east flow through the white field, Mo Bian, subject to the Muyetzhai water, the east flow through the Baktang, Mo Bian, subject to the Muyetzhai water, and the east flow of the river. Continuing to flow east through the scribble pond, Longtou Na Jinling water, to the village of Qiaotou back into the realm of Lingchuan. Along the Tangdong, Jutian, Lantou, Nancun water, out of Guilin City, through the Finance and Trade Dry School folding north to Tingjiangdong, and into the realm of Lingchuan Shixiang Village, to the head of the Funabutu Fayuan River water, and then flow into Guilin City, ShuiNan Village, subject to the SheTang water, folding east to YanShuiYan, subject to the Daoguang water, folding south to flow through the Baitang, through the bridge of the Workers' and Farmers to the Dunmu Village, north of the east, through the Xianggui Railway, the Westgate Bridge, the Southgate Bridge, one from the Elephant Butte Mountain into the Li River; the other one The other one is injected into the Li River from Xiangbi Mountain; the other one is injected into the Li River from the foot of Pheasant Mountain in the south.

Kam River, originating in Xing'an County, East Mountain (also known as Silver Mine) on the south side of the south flow of 5.1 kilometers into the country, through the Mojia, Steep Tian villages, through the Temple Tang Temple, Temple bottom, Zhoujia, small fall, Jinzhu, Fukiang and other tributaries, folded west, out of the military camp north of the village, injected into the Li River. The total length of 21.4 kilometers, of which 16.3 kilometers long in the territory, the total watershed area of 89.08 square kilometers, of which 80.78 square kilometers in the territory.

Waterfall water, also known as Janjan water, originated in Tangyuan village north of Dalingtou, 730.7 meters above sea level, to the south through the Qiaoting to Thin Ridge, fell into a waterfall in the canyon, and folded south into the Cuijiaxu injected into the Li River. The river is 5.8 kilometers long, with a watershed area of 12.28 square kilometers.

Three hundred source of water, originating from the southern slope of the five will be Ling, 647.3 meters above sea level, to the northwest flow, through the three hundred source to Cui Jiaxu injected into the Li River, a total length of 4.9 kilometers, the watershed area of 13.28 square kilometers, the river surface average width of 9 meters, muddy riverbed.

Huangsha River, the ancient name of Qiupi River, Flower River, West River or Ox River. Originated in the southwest of the old Leigong Temple, 1016 meters above sea level. From the west to the south to the salt Shaping East, the two streams will meet into the river. Continuing to flow south to the three branches of the river, subject to the Jinzhu, crossbow ponds, incense burner field 3 water; south of the hole on the Mojia, turn north, through the Jiangzhou to the Yangxutou, the foot of the Daling water, folded southwest flow, through Liaojia, Jiangnan to the Dating, the Silien water, turn south to flow through the Huajiang, Yangjia, Sujia, Taopichou, Majia, Browser village to the Shijiatou, injected into the Li River. The river is 48.71 kilometers long, with a watershed area of 207.45 square kilometers.

Stream Sand River, originating in Xing'an County, Xiling back of the village of the northwestern slopes, elevation 986 meters, flowing east to the back of the West Ridge, folded into the south flow of 2.2 kilometers into the realm of Lingchuan. Continued to flow south into the Luogushan Reservoir; out of the reservoir, meandering southwestern flow, under the small boundary ridge to dry on the (Jiansha) village, by the small boundary ridge, Shatian, Dajiang back, Mei Qing 4 water, turn south to flow through the Zhoujia to the big before the river, folding the east flow by the back of the Houshan 2 water, the southwestern flow with the Shanggangling Lutian water, folding the west flow through the lower Zhang, Xiongcunxu to the village of Shangqiao, Nanshijiaoshi (Mahe), folding the southern flow by the Shaqiao, Liao village. Subject to mud snake out of the hole water, along the west bank to the four Yingzhou Daxu injected into the Li River. River length 35.86 kilometers.

潮田河, is the second largest tributary of the Li River, originating in Taoyuan east slopes, 1137 meters above sea level. West to Gautang by Gautang left branch of the stream, continued to flow west through the Caijue to the deep river bridge, the water of the small Pingle, and then fell into the deep valley, forming a large waterfall, whenever the flash floods, the sound of miles. This has the conditions for building hydroelectric power stations. Below the waterfall, the river turns southwest flow, through the river to the Li Mu Gen, via the Sijiang, Cai Shang, Si An Tou, Songjiang 4 water, and then zigzagging westward to the big sharp ping, subject to the ringing of the ridge, Ma Jia, dark mountain bottom 3 water; continue to flow westward through the stone wells, Yangan to Zhai bottom, subject to the national clear dark river water after the convergence of the source of the big river, followed by the westward, via the round of the Fang, Maocun, Fuzhu 3 water, continue to flow westward through the Chaojia Tian, Yuanjia to the Qin bank, via the Fengpizhou, Baikalu, Yuanjia, Yang Longshan, Dabu 5 water, along the Lv bank to Nancun, into the Li River. River length of 44.2 kilometers, the total watershed area of 450.14 square kilometers.

Gudong water, originating in the north of Wangtang Lingtou village, 548 meters above sea level. The total length of 8.1 kilometers, watershed area of 11.04 square kilometers, the river width of 6 meters. Small waterfalls cascading, the name "Gudong waterfalls group", as a tourist attraction.

The four source of the river, also known as the South Wei River, originating in the Songping Long north of the west side of the foothills, elevation 1701 meters, there are 4 water convergence into the empty rock, submerged in the dark river, west to Yangshuo County Xitang Village, exposed to the surface of a section. To the north again dive to the source of the Hebo, and then exposed the surface of a section, followed by diving out of the official rock, injected into the Li River.

Gui River section

Pingle County and Gongcheng River estuary to the Wuzhou City estuary, called the Gui River. In the Ming Dynasty, because the middle and lower reaches of the Gui River flowed through Pingle, Wuzhou two provinces, so this section is called the Fu River. Ming Chenghua years, in order to appease the Zhuang, Yao, Miao and other ethnic minorities along the Gui River at that time, changed the Fu River for the Fu River, modern Wuzhou people still call the lower reaches of the Fu River. The section flows through Pingle County, Zhaoping County, Cangwu County and Wuzhou City.

In Zhaoping County, it flows through Daguang Village of Wenzhu Township, and passes through 7 townships (towns) of Wenzhu, Zhaoping, Fuyu, Wuzhong, Gubai, Majiang, Muge, and 27 villages, streets, and receives tributaries such as Guihua River, Siqinjiang River, Fuqunjiang River, etc., and flows into the territory of Cangwu County at Zhongping Village of Muge Township. The river is 100 kilometers long in Zhaoping County, and is the largest river in Zhaoping County, stretching across the whole territory from north to south. In the territory of the watershed area of 3215 square kilometers, accounting for 98% of the county area, the county runoff 3.111 billion cubic meters, watershed area of more than 5 square kilometers of 203 rivers.

The main tributaries of this section are Gongcheng River, Lipu River, Siqin River and Fuqun River.

Pingle County Boundary into the Gui River of the main rivers are:

Gongcheng River (Tea River), originated in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County, northeast of the Du Pangling of the source of the Dalong, from north to south across the Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County, to Pingle County into the Gui River. The total length of 170 kilometers, watershed area of 4,323 square kilometers, annual runoff of 2.72 billion cubic meters. One of the section has Gongcheng River plain, fertile land, developed agriculture.

Lipu River, originating in Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, the east side of the old mountains of Dayao Mountain, flowing from southwest to northeast through Lipu County, to Pingle into the Li River. The river is 118 kilometers long, with a watershed area of 2,048 square kilometers and an average annual runoff of 885 million cubic meters. Among the lower reaches of the river is the famous Lipu River Plain, which is rich in rice, Lipu taro, ramie, Shatian pomelo, summer orange and so on.

Buquan River, the source of the north slope of the Jinxiu Old Mountain, flowing through the Zhongliang Township of Yonghe Village out of Lipu, Pingle County into the Guijiang River, a total length of 40 kilometers.

Zhaoping County Boundary into the tributaries:

Siqin River, originating in Gongcheng, Fuchuan, Zhongshan 3 counties (autonomous counties) bordering the Huashan Mountain range on the east side of the Barrel Mountains, flowing through Zhongshan County to Zhaoping County into the Gui River. With a total length of 108 kilometers, a watershed area of 1,778 square kilometers, and an average annual runoff of 1.30 billion cubic meters; a sand content of 0.30 kg/m3, and an erosion modulus of 261 tons/km2, it is a small area with relatively serious soil erosion in northeast Gui.

Fuqun River, originating in Zhaoping County, Huangyao Township, Jietang, in the Ma River into the Gui River. The river is 89.6 kilometers long, with a watershed area of 1,222 square kilometers and an annual runoff of 659 million cubic meters.

Guihua River, the northwest originates in Xiaoliang brain of Maoping Village, Xian Hui, and the north originates in the eastern foot of Sanmei, Mengshan County. To the east in Luming ancient cave convergence. It flows through Wenzhu and Guihua to join the Gui River.

Cangwu County Boundary convergence of the main tributaries are:

Siliang River, also known as Duo Xianshui. In the center of the county. Originated in the Xia Ying township Beisheng village territory of the watershed, from north to south flow, longitudinal Wangfu, Xia Ying two townships, to the suburbs of Wuzhou City, Hekou village into the Guijiang. The river is 55.2 kilometers long.

Long Jiang River, in the northwestern part of the county, originating in the village of Shizhai Township island towards the territory of the village of Jiba Mountain and the southern foot of the top of the Yayan, the river from north to south, through the Shizhai, Changfa 2 townships to the long hair townships on the shore of the natural village injected into the River Kwai. The natural drop is 700 meters and the available drop is 116 meters. The river is 50.7 kilometers long.

Basin Overview

The upper reaches of the Gui River, the Dasol River, flows through granite and sandstone mountains, with high mountains and narrow valleys, and has the conditions for the construction of medium-high dam reservoirs. The middle reaches of the Li River, flowing through Lingchuan and Guilin City, the remnants of the peaks of the plain, the water flow is gentle, the river channel is obviously bifurcated, the development of sandbars; since the Daxu to Yangshuo, the river meanders through the karst peaks and forests in the valley area, the strange peaks of the caves, the mountains green and water, the typical representative of Guilin's landscapes, the golden waterway of tourism. Below Pingle, the river flows through the sand shale mountains and hills, with narrow valleys, undeveloped riparian plains, many rapid beaches, and richer hydroelectric resources.

The Gui River flows through the Cambrian, Devonian and Quaternary strata, and its riverbed is mostly purple-red fine sandstone and metamorphic rocks interspersed with shale layers, and there are many pebbles on the stony riverbed, making it a mountainous river. In addition to the 4.5-kilometer-long Songlin Gorge and 3.5-kilometer-long Ma Gorge for *** sandstone valley, the rest of the large part of the earth mountain. Gui River beaches, the old record: "for the beach 360", and the beach is dangerous and rapid, people regarded as a fear of the road. The old folk proverb: "the bag has a hundred money, not on the Fujiang boat". Within the drop of 25 meters, of which the county southeast of the horse beach 1 kilometer long, the drop of 2.75 meters, the average flow rate of 2.5 meters per second, known as the "Beach King" of the name. In the Ming Dynasty, the Toastmasters Huang Shenhou rate five sons and Weidong soldiers, three years dredging Guijiang channel. After liberation and several renovations, the channel improved, the normal water level can accommodate 50 tons of ship traffic.

Hydrological features

The upper reaches of the Gui River are the Li River, represented by the Guilin Hydrological Station, with a multi-year average runoff of 4.24 billion cubic meters and a runoff depth of 1,481.8 millimeters. During the flood season from April to July, the runoff amounted to 2.84 billion cubic meters, accounting for 68.1% of the annual runoff, with an average sand content of 0.092 kg/m3 and an erosion modulus of 129 tons/km2. The lower reaches of the Gui River, represented by the Majiang Hydrological Station, have a multi-year average runoff of 17.5 billion cubic meters and a runoff depth of 1020.7 mm. The runoff from March to August during the flood season is 14.52 billion cubic meters, accounting for 81% of the total annual runoff. The average sand content is 0.13 kg/m3, and the erosion modulus is 129 tons/km2. Upstream and downstream of the different, upstream flood season for four months, downstream up to six months.

Zhaoping section of the Gui River in Guangxi

The inter-annual variation of the runoff of the Gui River, represented by the downstream Majiang Hydrological Station, has an average annual runoff of 17.5 billion cubic meters from 1956-1979. Among them, before 1962 for the alternation of abundance and depletion; 1962-1967 for the same period of dry water, the most dry water in 1963, the annual runoff was 8.33 billion cubic meters; 1967-1973 and alternation of abundance and depletion, the maximum annual runoff appeared in 1973 for 25.4 billion cubic meters, the maximum and minimum value of the difference of 17.07 billion cubic meters; 1973-1983 for the leveling of the water cycle, after 1983 to 1990 consecutively, the average annual runoff of 17.5 billion cubic meters, the average annual runoff of 17.5 billion cubic meters.

Guijiang River is the largest river in the world, and the largest river in the world is the largest river in the world.

The inter-annual variation of sand content in the River, represented by Pingle Station, was 0.138 kg/m3 in 1954-1959; 0.091 kg/m3 in the 1960s, a decrease of 26.8% compared with that of the 1950s; 0.158 kg/m3 in the 1970s, an increase of 14.5% compared with that of the 1950s, and the trend of inter-annual variation of sand content was an increase of 0.158 kg/m3 in the 1970s compared with the 1960s and 1950s. s and 50 s. The inter-annual trend of sand content is an increase in the 70 s compared with the 60 s and 50 s.

Lijiang section of the middle reaches of the Gui River (Guilin Station), the average multi-year runoff of 4.24 billion cubic meters, runoff depth of 1418.8 mm, rich in water production. However, the difference between the flood and dry flow is huge, and the annual maximum flood flow is 200 to 300 times larger than the minimum flow, with a maximum of 848.5 times. The dry water flow is small, the measured most dry flow is only 3.8 cubic meters per second. The minimum requirement for the navigation of Li River for tourism is 30 cubic meters/second. Calculated by the average value of January and February of the dry water season, during 1964-1973, the average flow rate of January and February was 42.2 cubic meters/second, which could meet the requirement of navigation. However, after 1973, the average flow in January and February during the dry season was only 19.7 cubic meters/second, far from meeting the navigation requirements.

Development and governance

Li River problems are mainly dry water flow is small, over the beach current is rapid, navigable water depth is difficult to ensure. According to the Guilin Municipal Bureau of Transportation analysis, Lijiang navigation requirements Guilin hydrological cross-section flow to be greater than 30 cubic meters / second, according to this standard calculation, the Lijiang River generally from September to the following year in March for the shortage of water, an average of 87 days of water shortages (see Table 4-2), the maximum number of years up to 146 days; an average of 79.65 million cubic meters of water shortages, the maximum lack of 145 million cubic meters.

In order to solve the problem of tourism navigation of the Li River during the dry period, the people of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region *** identified the Qingshitan Reservoir as the first phase of the supplemental water source, through the rectification of drainage projects, dredging the Li River channel, to ensure that the Li River during the dry period of tourism navigation. Rectification project goal is: every winter from the Green Shihtan Reservoir to the Li River water transfer of more than 70 million cubic meters, to improve the navigation conditions of the Li River, the requirements of the waterway width of 12 meters, water depth of the channel 0.75 meters, the monthly navigational guarantee rate of 93%. Li River waterway improvement project was completed in May 1989, Qingshitan Reservoir drainage improvement in March 1990 was basically completed. The canal system improvement, canal water utilization coefficient has been increased from 0.46 to 0.52, the annual leakage of more than 70 million cubic meters of water supplementation of the Li River; Li River waterway through the improvement of the waterway during the dry season after the water depth of up to 0.8 meters, the width of 12 to 15 meters, turning radius of more than 150 meters. Under normal circumstances, the Li River can be basically navigable throughout the year.

Pingle the following section of the river, due to the Gongcheng River and the Lipu River convergence, the water volume increased greatly, hydroelectric resources are relatively rich, accounting for about 85% of the main stream of the Gui River. River development to power generation, navigation-based, taking into account other. The river section below Pingle is planned to have 6 stages, i.e. Bajiangkou (installed capacity of 90MW), Zhaoping (installed capacity of 63MW), Xiafu (installed capacity of 49.5MW), Jinnuping (installed capacity of 60MW), Jingnan (installed capacity of 69MW), Wangcun (installed capacity of 54MW). The above six terraces reservoir capacity *** 867 million cubic meters, installed 357,000 kilowatts, generating 1.7 billion kilowatt-hours.

The Gui River is an important waterway connecting Guilin to Wuzhou, and due to years of disrepair, the capacity is greatly reduced. The main stream of the Gui River from the Daxue River to Guilin, about 50 kilometers long, the water can be navigated 3 to 5 tons of wooden boats, dry water can only be released to transport bamboo, wooden rows. Guilin to Zhaoping section of the river, the year-round passage of 10 to 20 tons of wooden sailboats and 60 kilowatts towed by a small fleet. Below Zhaoping, the maximum can only pass 60 tons of barges. The total capacity of Gui River is still less than 200,000 tons, which cannot meet the demand of economic and tourism development. Therefore, on the basis of the completion of the Li River water recharge project and waterway improvement, the development of water resources in the following Pingle, combined with the canalization of the waterway, can greatly improve the shipping capacity of the Guijiang River.