● How to see the "Qu Yuan complex" in the Dragon Boat Festival?
On the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, there are a variety of sayings, especially "to commemorate Qu Yuan said" more influential. So, why did Qu Yuan become the protagonist of the Dragon Boat Festival? In fact, this has a lot to do with the recognition of Qu Yuan's personality by later generations.
A more detailed and important record of Qu Yuan's life: Sima Qian's "Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng" and Liu Xiang's "New Preface". These two articles on the end of Qu Yuan said very clearly, the former cloud: "so Huai Shi so self-injection Miluo to die", the latter cloud: "so self-injection Xiangshui Miluo in the middle of the death." For example, in Jia Yi's "Hanging Qu Yuan Fugue", "I heard that Qu Yuan sank into Miluo. The Xiangliu is the place to hang Mr. Qu Yuan." Qu Yuan's self-sinking death is basically recognized by the academic community. As for the date of Qu Yuan's self-sinking and the situation after the self-sinking, it comes from some folklore.
For example: [Liang] Wu Jun "renewed Qi Harmony": Qu Yuan May 5 threw himself into Miluo and died. Chu people mourn, every to this day, [always] [to] [to] bamboo tube stored rice, throwing water sacrifice. Han Jianwu, Changsha Ou Hui, suddenly saw a man, claiming to be Sanlu Dafu, said Jun see the sacrifice, very good. But often stolen by the dragon. You can stuff neem leaves on it, and tie it with colorful silk. These two things, the dragon is also afraid of. I followed his advice. The world to make dumplings, and with five-color silk and neem leaves, all Miluo's legacy.
Su Shi, "Qu Yuan Temple Fu": "Life can not fight and strong admonition, death can still hope to feel and change behavior. If the country is subverted, I will not be able to love you for a long time. Qu Yuan had been moving around Yuan and Xiang for a long time, and faced with the fact that his hometown was getting farther and farther away and that he would not return to it for years, he was "haggard and haggard in color and description," as he was being released from the river. He chose to sink himself in Miluo River on the 5th of May, hoping to use his own destruction and death to awaken the numbness and absurdity of the king.
WEN Yiduo in the "people's poet - Qu Yuan" wrote: but the Dragon Boat Festival is an ancient festival, "and the Chinese people of the same old", which shows that it and the life of the Chinese people how inseparable, but the Chinese people are willing to transfer such an important holiday to them. The fact that the Chinese people were willing to transfer such an important festival of theirs to Qu Yuan shows how much Qu Yuan's personality played a major role in their lives. But also far after Qu Yuan's death, the Chinese people also want to put his name, embedded in a festival that originally had nothing to do with him, only to see how the people's life, how indispensable he is. The Dragon Boat Festival is a people's festival, and the combination of Qu Yuan and the Dragon Boat Festival proves that Qu Yuan is united with the people.
History is merciless and fair. Qu Yuan, as a historical figure who was not valued and understood by people at that time, had a special encounter and destination, which made him uniquely "enjoy" a festival (Dragon Boat Festival); and his uniquely personalized creations made him uniquely "into" a discipline (Chu Rhetoric or Qu Studies). --This is Qu Yuan, Qu Yuan mode, Qu Yuan phenomenon unique eternal charm.
From the various titles of the Dragon Boat Festival in different parts of China in different periods: Duan Festival, Pu Festival, Chongwu Festival, Duanyang Festival, Tianzhong Festival, Tianchang Festival, May Festival, Nuwa Festival, Dragon Festival, Poet's Festival, Daughter's Festival, Dolls' Festival, Dragon Boat Festival. Fragrant Bun Festival, Mu Lan Festival, White Reward Festival, Unwrapping Dumplings Festival, Dumplings Bun Festival, Noon Festival, Ai Festival, Duanwu, Chongwu, Wuzhi, Summer Festival, in consideration of the history of the Dragon Boat Festival customs in many parts of China but is even older than the Qu Yuan, so the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is obviously not in the Qu Yuan. A few days ago, I saw more than 20 college students in the waterfront of the Zizhuyuan, dressed in Chinese dress, facing south, the water chanting poetry in honor of Qu Yuan; tied on the colorful ribbons, rowing boat racing. "Wear Chinese dress, over the Dragon Boat Festival", and claimed that this is "want to let more people understand the traditional Chinese culture". Not to mention that Chu Qu Yuan simply can not wear the Han Dynasty clothing, even if it is wearing the clothing worn by Qu Yuan, such a farce, in addition to once again misinterpretation of the connotation of traditional Chinese culture, but also let the people have what feelings.
Wen Yiduo said: "Who first spread the lie that the Dragon Boat Festival started in a few years Qu Yuan, I admire him for his supreme wisdom 。。。。。。. There is infinite truth in this lie." The lie probably came from Wu Jun, a Liang man from the Southern Dynasty, whose "Continuation of Qi Harmonious Records" is the only traceable historical source for this statement. "Qu Yuan threw himself into Miluo and died on May Day, and the people of Chu mourned him. Every time on this day, he would store rice in a bamboo tube and throw it into the water to sacrifice it. Han Jianwu, Changsha Ou Hui, day suddenly saw a man, claiming to be Sanlu Dafu, said: "see the sacrifice, very good. But often left, the bitter dragon stole. Today, if there is a favor, can be stuffed with neem leaves, to colorful silk tied. These two things, the scaly dragon is also afraid." According to his words. The world to make dumplings, and with five-colored silk and neem leaves, are the legacy of the Burao also." However, people who have read the history of Chinese literature know that the "continued Qi Harmonious Records" is just a write God write ghosts of the novels, although it describes the city life, but the composition of the play more than the real historical data, when not credible.
In different parts of China, the Dragon Boat Festival commemorates many heroes of all races. Among them are the poet Qu Yuan and for the training of the navy and the creation of the Dragon Boat Race Yue Wang Goujian, in addition to avenging the shame of his father, Wu Zixu, poor and conservative Jie Zi push, the mighty western region of the Fu Bo generals Ma Aid, against the usurpation of the throne by Zhu Di's counselor Liu Jing, cast the river to sacrifice his father's filial daughter, Cao E, and the ethnic minorities of the Dali Bai Chaste White Jie Mrs. Xishuangbanna valiant Dai Prince Rock Hong Lame, the Hmong dragon slaying heroes Paul, collect hundred flowers to lower the sick Tibetan. The Tibetan girl Lotus, who collects flowers to reduce illnesses, and even the ghost-catching Zhong Kui and the snake fairy White Maiden, and so on. All of these characters of the legend, either out of time, or out of the incident, are for the Dragon Boat Festival to add some fun, but never the real reason. Associated with the full swing of the Supergirl competition is held every time in the Dragon Boat Festival period, and in last year's performance site also really have the old "corn" to Chun Chun send dumplings of the truth, it seems that we have to Dragon Boat Festival to give new cultural connotations: Dragon Boat Festival is the "Supergirl"! The first time I've ever seen this, I've never seen it again.
All over China, the Dragon Boat Festival is not only called different, different memorial objects, so the customs are also different: we are most familiar with eating rice dumplings, dragon boat racing. In the Yangtze River Basin area of the family also drink Xionghuang wine custom. And in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, families have to hang Zhong Kui statue, to suppress the house to drive away evil spirits, so Zhong Kui to catch ghosts, is also a custom of the Dragon Boat Festival, with the same significance of hanging moxa leaves calamus in order to seclude the evil and drive away the miasma; to the children to wear scented pouches to drive away evil spirits and avoiding the plague; as well as the Department of the colorful long-life wisps and cloth don't monkeys. And the prevalence of the Dragon Boat Festival in Guizhou region is known as the tour of the disease.
It can be seen that the Dragon Boat Festival as a holiday, there is no certainty of the meaning of the various regions, the various ethnic groups can give it its own meaning, even today, many people can still be in the "carry forward the traditional culture" under the banner of the Dragon Boat Festival continues to be interpreted. And like catching ghosts, evil drive miasma, etc. is more superstitious color, when the dregs of the list. The Dragon Boat Festival is understood as a folk custom, if you have to give it some "traditional cultural heritage" out, it is far-fetched. Those to the Dragon Boat Festival as a collection of traditional Chinese culture of the view, will only be the traditional Chinese culture "myth" for some boring story of the hodgepodge, so that the traditional Chinese culture has become unorthodox.
In fact, Chinese festivals originally had no more "cultural" connotations. The Chinese people originally had a hard time, and even often do not have enough to eat, so they came up with some festivals, in order to every now and then to play the teeth, so that the children also have fun, New Year's, needless to say, we also have, spring to eat spring cakes, Dragon Boat Festival to eat zongzi, Mid-Autumn Festival to eat mooncakes, as well as the winter solstice dumplings, summer solstice noodles, Lahai porridge and so on custom.
The Dragon Boat Festival is not just about eating a dumpling, which is not related to Qu Yuan at all. Even if the fish in the river really don't eat the dumplings, the people can't afford to throw the good dumplings into the river to honor a poet they don't even know.
Spend 30,000 U.S. dollars from the hands of the South Koreans to buy the "Dragon Boat Festival.cn" domain name was given to the Qu Yuan's hometown, I do not know zigui county leaders take it is not feel some hot hands.
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, commonly known as the "Dragon Boat Festival". "Five" and "Wu" through, "five" and for the Yang number, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the end of the five, five, the end of the five, the end of the sun, the middle of the day and so on, it is China's Han Chinese people's traditional festivals. The essential activities of this day gradually evolved into: eating zongzi, dragon boat racing, hanging calamus, moxa, lavender, Angelica dahurica, drink xionghuang wine. It is said that eating rice dumplings and dragon boat racing, is to commemorate the Qu Yuan, so after the liberation of the Dragon Boat Festival was named "Poet's Day" to commemorate the Qu Yuan. As for hanging calamus, moxa leaves, fumigate Cangzhu, Angelica dahurica, drink Xionghuang wine, it is said to be in order to suppress the evil spirits.
Said in honor of Qu Yuan. The earliest version of this saying comes from the records of Wu Jun's "Continuation of Qi Harmony Records" of the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties and "Jing Chu Yearly Records" of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It is said that Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River on the fifth day of the fifth month, and was trapped by a dragon after his death, and the world mourned his death and threw five-colored silk dumplings into the water to drive away mosquitoes and dragons on this day. Another rumor, Qu Yuan cast Miluo River, the local people heard immediately rowing boats to rescue, a thousand straight line to the Dongting Lake, the end of Qu Yuan's body. At that time, coinciding with the rainy day, the lake boat together gathered at the shore of the pavilion. When people learned that is to salvage the wise minister Qu Daifu, once again braved the rain, scrambling to paddle into the vast Dongting Lake. In order to send their condolences, people swung their boats on top of the river, and only thereafter gradually developed into dragon boat races. 'It seems that the Dragon Boat Festival to eat zongzi, dragon boat races and commemorate Qu Yuan related to the Tang Dynasty Wenxiu 'Dragon Boat Festival' poem as evidence: "Festival points Dragon Boat Festival since who said, the rumors of the ages for Qu Yuan. I can laugh at the emptiness of the Chu River, but I can't wash away the injustice of the upright ministers." The most widespread influence was the honoring of Qu Yuan. Because of Qu Yuan's personality art superb, people are also willing to attribute this anniversary to him.