Ai Ye grass 3 appearance characteristics
1, the main stem and thick and long
Ai Ye grass often out of the _ in our body, but many people who love flowers is not clear what looks like ai Ye grass, ai Ye grass main stem is more significant than the general green plants must be thick and long, straight _ for 1.5 centimeters, the root of the cross type of cross-laying on the ground, the leaf stems were dark brown, dark red, it's tip! Slightly lignified, hairy branches are mostly seen shorter.
2, the leaves have cleft teeth
Augula leaves like thin paper-thin, the upper side of the gray and white downy cover, each lobe has 3 upper and lower small cleft teeth, lobes in the form of an ovate or lanceolate shape, that kind of leaf is more distinctive, it is very easy to identify.
3, head ellipsoid
Ellipse head ellipsoid, with 10 or more small and medium-sized racemes or compound racemes on the branches, its styles are long and thin, every time in full bloom, the styles must be outwardly extended outside of the Carolina, the Carolina model is also extremely unique, in the form of a tall red wine glass.
Characteristics of the growing environment of the mugwort
1, the growing environment
Mugwort tenacious, very hardy, generally like to grow in the alpine areas, also like to grow in the wet environment, the countryside in the north and south are all over the tender green wild mugwort, it is extremely strong, on the side of the road, the wasteland, barren hills, the pond can be seen by the side of the figure of them.
2, the value of mugwort
Mugwort is a nutritional value of the importance of a relatively high, with dehumidification, cold, qi and blood, bleeding, anti-inflammatory, asthma, cough, fetal, anti-allergy and many other effects, and the cultural value of the higher, people can use it to pray for the life of the beauty and peace, but also to lift the disease, but pay attention to the Yin deficiency of blood-heaters should not be used.
3, the use of moxa
Generally you can put the moxa leaves into the water, open fire and cook for about 15 to 20 minutes, and then drain the moxa leaves, beat 1 to 2 eggs, eggs cooked with a little brown sugar can be added, this dish is suitable for the uterine cold disorders or uterine cold infertility, there are warming the uterus, stopping the bleeding, and the efficacy of the fetus.
Fresh mugwort leaves after picking, can be placed in boiling water to cook for 5 minutes, will be taken out of the mugwort leaves, the rest of the water can be used to bathe, there is a dampness and cold, the blood, the efficacy of restful sleep, you can also use the mugwort, pepper foot soak, there is a role in the expulsion of dampness and cold, eczema, foot odor, gynecological are auxiliary therapeutic effect.
Mugwort cultivation techniques
Production is mainly asexual reproduction by rhizome division, need to pay attention to the time of division. But also available seed propagation. Generally seed propagation in March sowing, rhizome propagation in November.
Artificial cultivation
Mugwort, new production period in May-September each year. The current national circulation specification can be divided into three kinds of herbs, mugwort and May mugwort. Mugwort on the climate and soil adaptability, cold and drought, field, ground, hillside, wasteland can be planted, the sowing time is as follows:
1, selecting seeds Mugwort seeds to 2 to 3 years old plants as well, choose the growth of strong, productive, no pests and diseases of the plants left behind not to be harvested, the fruit is ripe when the fruit branches are cut off and spread dry to dry, threshing, sieve, bumps to remove impurities, the seed in a bag, put in a cool dry place to store. The seeds are put in a cloth bag and stored in a cool dry place.
2, sowing mugwort should be sown in early spring, southern February to March, northern March to April, can be live or seedling transplantation, live spacing 40 to 50 cm, sowing mulch should not be too thick. Seedling attention to management, when the seedling height of 10 ~ 15 cm according to plant spacing 20 ~ 30 cm seedling.
Ai Ye grass is a plant almost everywhere in the south of the country, in Guilin, Guangxi, but also directly with the leaves of the leaves of Ai Ye grass wrapped in rice to do with eating. Ai Ye anti-plague has thousands of years of history.
Because Chinese herbal medicine is locally sourced, so mugwort became the plague of that time, according to modern medical pharmacology proved that mugwort is a kind of antibacterial and antiviral drugs, because of mugwort on the germs have inhibition and kill the role of the respiratory system, but also has the role of prevention and treatment of diseases.
Selected
Ai adaptability, like sunshine, drought resistance, cold tolerance, the soil conditions are not strict, but to sunny, deep soil, soil permeability, organic matter-rich neutral soil is good, fertile, loose, well-drained sandy loam and clay loam soil grow well. In order to save land resources, should choose the hills and other areas of wasteland, roadsides, riversides and slopes, such as reasonable layout, slopes and flat land can be planted, but also in front of the house, the field corner planting. However, as a food and medicinal use of ai, cultivation in addition to obtain a high yield, more important is to ensure the quality and safety of raw materials and its efficacy of ai. Therefore, the air around the planting plot should be clean and dust-free, with no residential sewage and industrial water pollution nearby, and the air quality should comply with the national standard GB3059.2012.
Land preparation
After the plot is selected, deep plowing is carried out first, with a depth of more than 30 centimeters. Deep plowing of the land can not only loosen the soil, improve soil temperature and moisture retention capacity; but also make full use of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements accumulated under the tillage soil; at the same time, it also plays a role in partially eliminating weeds, so that the current year's grass seeds are basically all buried deep, which can get rid of the following year's about 50% of the weeds. The key is to bury the non-Ai-specific herbicides that have not decomposed in previous years deep in the ground to undo their effects on Ai growth. Deep plowing when the moisture is too large, should be appropriate drying (sun) district, to prevent rotary harrowing rake not broken, there is too large bright district and too much dead district, affecting the planting.
Fertilization
Fertilizer
Fertilizer can be combined with the plowing and harrowing one-time application of fully rotted organic fertilizer 30-45 tons / hectare; or with rotted dilute human and animal manure spread a layer of fertilizer for the bottom. No farmyard manure, you can choose granular organic fertilizer for Ai, after deep plowing, rotary harrowing before, evenly spread about 750 kg / ha. Used as ai organic fertilizer content indicators: organic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of more than 20%, amino acid content of more than 20%, more than 20% of organic matter, humic acid more than 5%, sulfur content of more than 10%, does not contain heavy metals and other harmful substances.
Full beds
After the soil is raked and broken up, the full beds (compartments) are started. The width of the beds (compartments) is about 5 meters (depending on the plot), which is convenient for manual weeding and mechanical operation. Every 2 beds (compartments) between the opening of a shallow ditch, ditch depth of about 20 centimeters, width of about 30 centimeters, easy to prevent flooding and drainage. The center of each border (box) is high, the two sides are low (tortoise-back shape), and the difference in height is not more than 1.5 cm, which is convenient for drainage and irrigation. It is advisable to open a good drainage ditch around the plot, ditch depth of about 50 centimeters, width of 60 centimeters or more, to facilitate irrigation in times of drought, waterlogging drainage. After the land preparation, spraying 1 time Ai special herbicide (decomposition in water), the weeds are closed to kill, 10-15 days after the seedlings can be planted.
Planting
Ordinary planting rows are spaced 45 cm-30 cm (75,000 plants/ha); dense planting rows are spaced 45 cm-15 cm (150,000 plants/ha); reasonably dense planting rows are spaced 45 cm-20 cm (105,000 plants/ha). 1 plant per hole. In the sticky yellow or black soil, planting depth of 5-8 cm or so; sandy soil or hemp bone stone land planting depth of 8-10 cm is appropriate.
Ai planting can also be semi-mechanized operation. A person driving a tractor with a plow to open the furrow, a person to set seedlings, a person to spread ai special organic fertilizer (applied with the bottom fertilizer, you can not need to spread fertilizer). The first plough set ai seedlings, pay attention to the interval and depth of the plough furrow, set the interval and depth of the seedlings; the second plough spread ai special organic fertilizer, furrow depth of 15-20 cm, so that the soil just dibble the first plough ai seedling roots; the third plough according to the first plough standards, the third plough turned out of the soil just dibble the second plough organic fertilizer, and so on until the planting is completed. After the end of the phenomenon should be checked whether there is no exposed roots, if so, timely use of soil to seal the cover.
Management
Tillage and weeding: after spring, when the average daily temperature reaches 9-10 ℃, Ai root buds have just sprouted and not out of the ground (timely dialing the surface to observe), to maintain a certain degree of moisture, with a sprayer full coverage spraying Ai special herbicides closed, do not have a blank missed. To be ai seedlings grow out, if there are still weeds, then in late March and early April each plowing weeding 1 time, the requirement of uniform plowing, the depth shall not be greater than 10 cm, ai root weeds need to be manually pulled out. After the first crop harvest, there are still weeds on the plot, with a small nozzle sprayer, the Ai gap between the weeds for spraying, to prevent splashing to the roots of Ai; the second crop of Ai buds sprouting, there are still a small number of weeds, manual weeding. Herbicides should be used under the guidance of technicians, and it is strictly forbidden to choose herbicides privately without technical guidance. It is strictly forbidden to spray on Ai when other crops in the immediate vicinity of the plot apply dicotyledonous or pyrethroid herbicides. After the harvest of each crop, there are still weeds on the ground, especially with grass seeds, should be collected in a timely manner, and piled up at the head of the ground burning, strictly prohibit the grass seeds fall into the field.
Fertilizer: each crop of seedlings, the best seedling height of 30 cm or so, choose to sprinkle along the rows in the rainy day, Ai special seedling fertilizer 60-90 kg / ha, if it is a sunny day, then dissolved in water root and stem (concentration of 0.5% or less) or foliar spraying; encountered in the wet weather, fertilizer can also be used to loosen the soil with the mid-ploughing, the first sprinkle Ai fertilizer, and then loosening, loosening the soil depth of 10 cm. Fertilizer seedling promotion is only suitable for the first crop planted in the first year, and chemical fertilizers should not be used in the subsequent growing periods (i.e., the second season, the third season, etc.), or else it will affect the accumulation of active ingredients and reduce the quality of Ai.
Irrigation: Ai is highly adaptable, and before planting the bed (compartment) surface has been rectified into a tortoise-back shape, with corresponding drainage ditches, timely and good rainy days, after the rain, clearing ditches and drainage work, in order to prevent the accumulation of water caused by stains. In the dry season, foliar sprinkler irrigation is carried out when the seedling height is below 80 centimeters; the whole garden is irrigated when the seedling height is above 80 centimeters.
Harvesting
The first crop of mugwort leaves is harvested in early June, harvested on a sunny day in time to cut the ground with the leaves of the stems and branches, and the separation of the stems and leaves, spread out in the sun in the sun drying, or low-temperature drying, packing and storing. in mid- to early-July, choose the sunny weather to harvest the second crop, the frost before and after the collection of the third crop, and the field of winter management.