Mullein production base and planting methods: site selection, making strains, ear wood preparation, artificial inoculation, planting management, harvesting and processing.

1, site selection:

Black fungus should be planted at an altitude of less than 1,000 meters, leeward and sunny, with a long period of sunlight, relatively warm, with a small difference in temperature between day and night, with a high degree of humidity, close to water sources, and in places rich in black fungus resources.

2, the production of strains:

Strains include sawdust strains and branch strains, the former is prepared by the wood shavings and wheat bran medium, the diameter of 1 cm after a branch cut into 1.5 cm long, add sucrose, rice bran and so on appropriately, and then bottle autoclave sterilized, inoculated with parental seed. The temperature should be adjusted to 25-28 ℃, cultivate for about a month mycelium can grow all over the bottle.

3, ear wood preparation:

Cultivation of black fungus has a variety of species, any species of trees that can cultivate shiitake mushrooms can be used to cultivate black fungus. The diameter of the ear should be 10-12cm at chest height, cut into 1-1.2m long parts, and the cut side should be coated with lime.

Place the sawn wood in a dry, ventilated, sunny place so that it can ferment as quickly as possible. Turn it every 10 days or so to dry the wood evenly. Usually, it can dry for 30-40 days. When 70 or 80 percent of the wood is dry, it can be inoculated.

4, artificial inoculation:

The inoculation time is usually above 15 ℃, which is more conducive to the growth of the black fungus mycelium, when inoculation, use ethanol to disinfect the tools and use the electric drill to carry out the construction in the tree, the vertical depth should be about 1.5cm, and only the branching strains should be placed in the inoculation holes so that there is no gap.

5, planting management:

It is best to regulate the temperature in the heap to 20-28 ℃, and keep the relative humidity of the air at about 80% to promote better growth of black fungus. After that, turn the heap every 6-7 days and change the position of the ear wood up and down, inside and outside, so that the temperature and humidity are consistent and the whitening is even, when the mycelium grows to the xylem and there are some ear buds, they can be scattered and hanging.

6, harvesting and processing:

Mature black fungus, its color changes from dark to light, its ears are stretched and softened, its fleshy ears are contracted, and when the ventral surface of the fruiting body produces white spore powder, it should be harvested in time in the sunny morning when there is dew.

When harvesting, clean the root of the ear by pulling it off with your fingers at the base of the ear and rotating it from side to side to avoid ulcers. If you encounter rainy days, you should also pick ripe ears to avoid rotting ears. Smoked black fungus should be immediately laid on a drying table and dried in a place with strong sunlight and good ventilation.