Poria cocos planting technology involves soil preparation, cultivation material preparation, bacterial culture, and timely inoculation. Cultivation management includes cellar inspection and replanting, water management, timely soil covering, and pest and disease control.
1. Poria cocos planting technology
1. Site selection and preparation
The site should be facing south, southeast, or southwest, and avoid north-facing shady slopes to ensure warmth and warmth. Sunny. The site must have a certain slope, preferably a gentle slope of 15-35°, to facilitate drainage. Old forest land or wasteland with sandy soil, deep soil layer, moderate pH, uncultivated and unplanted Poria cocos, or land that has been abandoned for more than three years.
Severely compacted clay and rough gravel soil are not suitable for the growth of Poria cocos, so special attention should be paid. Deeply plow and prepare the soil, rake the soil to a fine level, generally no shallower than 50cm, and remove tree roots, weeds and rocks in the soil. Then dig the cellar along the slope. The cellar depth is 60-80cm, and the length and width depend on the number and length of the wood sections.
Next, after exposure, drainage ditches should be opened around the field. One week before inoculation, spread 15g of termite powder or fine sand mixed with 3% carbofuran on the bottom of the cellar and the upper soil layer to prevent termite damage.
2. Preparation of cultivation materials
When planting Poria cocos in production, pine sections are generally used, and pine sections that have not entered the dormant period before winter are better. Divide it into sections or make it into stems for preparing materials. Peel off the bark of the pine trunk and dry it in the open air for 10-15 days. After cracks appear in the trunk and some pine oil leaks out, saw them according to the planting requirements. into 65-75cm pine tree segments.
3. Bacterial culture
Bacteria are divided into three types: mycelium, meat and wood. Mycelium is often used in production. Mycelial Yin is an artificially pure cultured Poria cocos hyphae. It uses a microbial tissue separation method to separate the mycelium from the hyphae, and then selects and expands the culture. The suitable temperature for mycelium growth is between 23-28°C. Mycelium ages above 35°C and grows very slowly below 10°C.
4. Timely vaccination
Poria cocos can be vaccinated in spring and autumn. Generally, it is appropriate when the ground temperature rises to above 10℃. First, you need to select the appropriate strain or fresh Poria cocos species, then open the cellar along the slope on the ground, place the wood sections along the opened cellar, and then disinfect and inoculate the strains. People carried out comprehensive disinfection, and finally filled it with sand to fix it, and covered it with soil to seal it.
2. Cultivation and management
1. Check the cellar for replanting: 7-10 days after Poria inoculation, check the bacterial situation in each section in a timely manner. If there is no introduction or the introduction is contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria, Contamination, should be replaced immediately. 1-2 months after Poria cocos inoculation, if no hyphae are seen growing on the base surface, and there is no smell of Poria cocos, reseeding is required.
2. Water management: After inoculation, if there is a lot of rain, bark or plastic film can be covered on the top of the kiln to protect the seeds from rain. Drainage ditches should be dredged promptly after rain to facilitate soil aeration.
3. Cover the soil in time: As the sclerotia gradually grow and expand, the surface soil on the cellar surface often cracks, allowing water to seep in, causing the sclerotia to rot. Sclerotia that are shallower than the soil surface often grow out of the soil surface. They should be checked frequently and covered with soil in time to protect them.
4. Prevention and control of pests and diseases: There are many pests and diseases during the growth of Poria cocos, so pay attention to timely prevention and control. For Trichoderma, Penicillium, Rhizopus and other dye tubes and sclerotia that are easy to soak into, the field must be turned over and dried for many days before planting; the tubes and strains must be strictly selected; pay attention to prevent stains during the growth period of sclerotia, and deal with any contamination in time. For termite damage, generally termite fungus can be used to control, followed by spreading mirex.
Introduction to Poria
Poria is a fungus belonging to the family Polyporaceae and the genus Poria. The mycelium is white and fluffy, white when young and light brown when old. Aerial hyphae are short and upright, more often criss-crossed and densely penetrated into the matrix. The sclerotia are composed of outer membrane, endothelial membrane, polysaccharide granule formation layer and polysaccharide granule accumulation layer.
The above content is for reference only: Baidu Encyclopedia-Poria