Du Fu

Good rain knows the season, when spring comes.

Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.

The wild path is dark, and the river is bright.

Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.

Interpretation of poetry

Good rain knows the solar terms of rain. It is the time when plants germinate and grow. It falls quietly at night with the spring breeze, silently moistening everything on the earth. On a rainy night, the fields were dark, and only the lights on the river boat were exceptionally bright. After dawn, looking at the flowers with rain, beautiful and fiery red, the whole Jinguan City has become a world of flowers.

"Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" was written by Du Fu in the spring of last year (76 1) in Huanhuaxipan Caotang, Chengdu.

Background and ideological content of Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night: This poem was written in the spring of the second year of Shang and Yuan Dynasties (76 1). At this time, Du Fu came to Sichuan and settled in Chengdu for two years because of the drought in Shaanxi. He cultivates self-cultivation, grows vegetables and flowers, and interacts with farmers, so he has deep feelings for the spring rain. He wrote this poem to describe the spring night rain and dew nourishing the beauty of all things and express the poet's joy.

Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night describes the poet's love and admiration for the selfless dedication to the drizzle on a spring night. The whole poem reads: "Good rain knows the season, when spring comes. Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently. The wild path is dark, and the river is bright. Xiao Jian Jiang is wet, and Jinguan City is heavy. " One or two words of "good" are affectionate and praise the spring rain. "Knowing the season" endows Spring Rain with human life and emotion. In my opinion, the spring rain is considerate and knows the season, and it floats around when people are in urgent need, prompting the opportunity. What a good spring rain! The first couplet not only expresses the "occurrence" of the spring rain, but also implicitly conveys the author's anxious mood of eagerly looking forward to the arrival of the spring rain. Couplets are obviously the poet's auditory feelings. Spring rain has come, coming with the wind in the boundless night, quietly moistening everything, without any intention of seeking "goodness", just seeking dedication. You see, the author observes the rain scene so carefully that even the spring rain and silence are heard by the poet. Visible, Yu Chunyu unconsciously surprised, the poet stayed up all night. Tie couplets around the neck, the poet only looks forward to the spring rain for one night, but he is afraid of an abrupt end. He is happy and worried. He pushed the door out and stood there overlooking, only to see that the usually distinct field paths were also dissolved into the night, and it was dark, showing how dark the night was and how dense the rain was. The river boat fishing fire is even more dazzling, reflecting the vastness and darkness of spring night, and also highlighting the richness of spring rain from the side. In the words of imagination, the poet witnessed the continuous spring rain, and was gratified to think that at dawn the next day, Jinguan City would be a colorful spring scenery. The profusion and vitality of flowers are the result of silent drizzle moistening and baptism. Therefore, writing flowers is really the selfless dedication of Spring Rain.

Through the above analysis of poetry, it is not difficult to see that Du Fu conceived and wrote according to such an emotional thinking, that is, looking forward to rain-listening to rain-watching rain-thinking about rain. As the saying goes, "Spring rain is as expensive as oil", which is true. Everyone wants this precious spring rain to be like oil, and so do poets. When the spring rain floated down, the poet was even more surprised, even lying in bed listening, completely sleepless, eager to have a good play, lest it suddenly stop, so he pushed the door and looked into the distance, looking at the boundless spring rain, and saw the dense spring rain. The author was pleasantly surprised to associate it with the spring scenery of Jinguan City the next day. Poetry is praising the lofty quality of Spring Rain's obscurity and selfless dedication. The description of this love for the spring rain is so delicate and realistic, full of twists and turns, which can't help but make people marvel at Du Fu's artistic skill in observing things and feelings.

In addition, the capture and description of the details in the poem can also reflect the superiority of the poet's human body in observing the situation. "Sneak into the night with the wind and moisten things silently." The word "latent" is personified, imitating the silent and invisible modality of spring rain, which is quite interesting and induces people's love for spring rain. The word "run" conveys the spirit, accurately and vividly writing the characteristics that spring rain moistens everything and moistens things silently. Both drawing shapes and expressions, and both shapes and feelings are well prepared, profound and unique. "Flowers are more important than Jinguan City", with the word "heavy", accurately wrote the pattern that flowers in Jinguan City were red and full of vitality after being baptized and nourished by a night of spring rain, and conveyed the author's praise for the spring rain. "All the clouds in the wild trail are black, and the boats in the river are bright" captures the typical details and depicts them carefully, subtly and vividly rendering the hazy and colorful atmosphere of the spring rain. In a word, Du Fu's Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night embodies the superiority of observing other things' feelings and nuances in tempering sentences, capturing images and describing details. By comparing and appreciating Du Fu's poems with his gloomy style, we will certainly deeply understand another life interest in Du Fu's poems.

Moon Bay in Xijiang River, Huangsha Middle Road.

Xin Qiji

The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches.

The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.

In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year.

In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge.

general idea

The bright moonlight woke up the birds and magpies, and they left the branches and flew away. A breeze blew in the middle of the night, and cicadas kept barking. In the fragrance of rice flowers, there are frogs, as if telling a story of a good year. Soon, dark clouds covered the moon. There are only seven or eight stars twinkling on the horizon in the distance, and it actually started to rain in front of the mountain. Pedestrians panic: there used to be a thatched shop next to the trees in the earth temple to shelter from the rain, but now it is gone. He hurried across the stream from the small bridge and turned a corner, and the Maodian appeared in front of him.

To annotate ...

The word was written by the author in the countryside at night. The bright moon and cool breeze, cicadas croaking and frogs croaking, and small streams and bridges flowing water constitute a beautiful and moving picture of summer night in the mountainous areas of the south of the Yangtze River. What carries out the whole article is the love of nature and the joy of harvest. The author is good at grasping the characteristics of summer night mountain villages and understanding farmers' desire for a bumper harvest. In addition, his writing style is light, his language is beautiful, and his syllables are harmonious, which makes people feel like they are in the scene and have endless aftertaste.

(2) Xijiangyue: Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was the name of Jiao Fang, which was later used as the tune of ci.

③ Huangsha: Huangshaling, located in the west of Shangrao, Xinzhou. When the author lived in seclusion by the lake, he often passed this ridge.

4 Other branches: side branches.

⑤ Old Time Shop: A thatched shop that was once familiar.

⑥ Society: Land Temple. Schelling: Woods around the Earth Temple.

Brief analysis

In the first movie of Ci, the unique birds, cicadas and frogs in the summer night in the mountain village make Huangsha Road lively but not lonely. The next movie of the word shows the lightness and fun of walking in the country on a light night, the sudden change of weather and the sudden discovery of the old place. The first and second films are written with true feelings and lively styles, which is an intoxicating rural nocturne.

Xin Qiji was dismissed twice and lived in seclusion in Daihu Lake in Shangrao (now Jiangxi) for nearly 20 years. This poem was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion. The original minor problem under the inscription was: "Walking on Huangsha Road at night". Huangsha is Huangshaling, in the west of Shangrao. The poem describes the fresh scenery of rural summer nights and expresses the poet's leisurely mood.

The last film is about the scene in the first half of the night: the bright moon rises, and the mountains are suddenly enlightened, which alarmed the tits and cicadas living in the branches; The breeze blew and sent their cries to Nightcrawler's ears; The fields are filled with the fragrance of rice flowers, and the frogs in the water are constantly chirping; Along the way, you can hear people enjoying the cool talk about this year's harvest. The poet saw and heard all this at night, and his inner joy was beyond words. These descriptions are also very touching in art. On the one hand, poets use cicadas, magpies, frogs and human voices unique to rural summer nights to render a happy atmosphere. On the other hand, these sounds are reflected from Nightcrawler's hearing, and Nightcrawler can clearly hear all this, thus showing the silence of summer nights. This is the writing method of combining static and dynamic, which can stimulate readers' rich imagination.

The next movie is about the scene after midnight: the dark clouds suddenly rise, the moonlight disappears, only a few yellow stars are left on the horizon, and the fields become dark; When the poet walked to the front of the mountain, it rained. He knew that the shower was coming and wanted to find a place to hide from the rain. Coincidentally, when he hurried around the stream head, he saw at a glance that the Maodian he had seen before was still next to the forest. Needless to say, how happy the poet is at the moment!

In fact, the first paragraph of the word is a foil, and the next paragraph is written to shelter from the rain. This is the poet's original intention and the interest of the word. In Shan Ye, it is not easy for people who have experienced the night rain to find shelter.

Different Scenery, Same Melody, Comparison between Reality and Reality —— Reading Bai Pu's Sunny Sand and Autumn

Guangdong Jing Tian yarn

autumn

The lonely village is in the setting sun, and the old tree is in the west of Western jackdaw.

A small flying shadow.

Green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers.

Bai Pu (1226—— about 1306), a writer and lyricist of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty, was one of the "four great poets in Yuan Dynasty". He was born in a bureaucratic family at the end of the Jin Dynasty and divorced his parents when he was young. Yuan Haowen, a famous poet with his parents and friends, went into exile in Shandong and was cultivated by Yuan Haowen. When I grew up, I refused to be an official and moved to Jinling (now Nanjing) to live in seclusion, indulge in mountains and rivers and enjoy poetry and wine. In this song of autumn scenery, the author describes two pictures, with bright and dark colors, contrast between reality and reality, and emotion from the scene.

The first two sentences describe the first picture. The author captures six natural scenes: village, sun, sunset, kitchen smoke, trees and crows, and then touches them with six words with the same emotional color: loneliness, falling, disability, lightness, old age and cold. The juxtaposition of the six images makes the whole picture shrouded in a bleak atmosphere, which makes people feel a strong sense of autumn and takes care of the topic of "autumn". Sunset in the West not only points out that it is in the evening, but also conveys a kind of helplessness and melancholy that "to see the sun, for all his glory is buried by the coming night". Lonely small village, withered and old trees, crows, lifeless, and misty "light smoke", such a picture makes people feel sad and confused. Here, the author depicts a desolate, bleak and barren Qiu Jingtu in a realistic way.

However, not all places are so desolate and deserted. Look at the scene of "flying in the shadows", "green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers". This picture is colorful, bright and full of vitality, which is in sharp contrast with the previous picture in environmental atmosphere.

It's also a piece of autumn scenery. Why is there such a big contrast? What kind of thoughts and feelings does the author want to express? Comparing these two pictures, we can't find a clear answer. If Bai Pu's attitude of not wanting to be an official in Yuan Dynasty is linked, the answer is not difficult to understand. The "small" in the picture is a sentence in Li Bai's "Send Pei eighteen pictures south to Songshan II": "Raise your hand and point, it is difficult to talk. There is no morning or evening, and the water is clear. " The "Hong Fei" in the novel has the same effect, which is a metaphor of the author himself. Bai Pu doesn't want to get a job in the imperial court, but hopes to fly away from that bleak, cold and lifeless place like a swan, and find a happy land full of vitality. Therefore, the land of "green mountains, green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers" in the shadow can be understood as the author's seclusion and the scene in his heart. The artistic conception is cheerful and peaceful, without negative feelings, which shows the author's love for seclusion and should belong to imaginative writing. In this piece of music, the author put "the scene in my heart" together with the real environment at that time in a very clever way, which produced a strong contrast effect and implicitly revealed his love and hate.

Go home after the war

Time: Pre-Qin Dynasty

Author: The Book of Songs

Works: Cai Wei

Content:

Pea seedlings have been picked again, and wild peas have just emerged from the ground.

I said I would go home, but it didn't come true by the end of the year.

No wife, no family, to fight Hyun-yun.

There is no time to rest, to fight Hyun-yun.

The pea seedlings have been picked again, and the wild peas are very tender.

Said he went home, and he was depressed.

Anxiety is burning, and hunger is unbearable.

The location of the garrison cannot be fixed, and it is impossible to take the letter home.

Bean sprouts are picked again, and the stems and leaves of wild peas are getting old.

He said that he went home and went home again in October.

But the king's errand is not finished yet, and I have no leisure to enjoy this quiet and good time.

Worried and guilty, I can't do it.

Bilviho, the flower of the paddock.

Horus, gentleman car.

The troop ship started, and four horses were tall and big.

How dare you settle down? 1 3rd of the month.

Riding four horses, four horses are tall and strong.

The generals sat in the car and the soldiers were under its protection.

Four horses were trained, with bows and shark sacs decorated with Gu Xiang.

If you don't quit that day, you will be trapped.

Recalling the original exploration, the wind in Yang Liuyi was blowing in the wind; Now back on the road, snowflakes are flying everywhere.

The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry.

The road is muddy, hungry and thirsty.

I am sad in my heart, I don't know that I am sad.

Precautions:

Quoted from The Book of Songs Xiaoya Luming Literature.

Wei, wild pea seedlings, edible.

Work, life, point out life. Stop, the auxiliary word at the end.

Yue, Yan, say it It is said to be an initial auxiliary word, which has no practical significance.

Mo, that is, the word "dusk" today.

There is no family life without family life. It shows that men are dissatisfied with women.

Make an appreciative comment

In the cold winter, it was raining and snowing, and a retired recruiter was walking home alone. The road is rugged, hungry and thirsty; But the border is getting farther and farther, and the towns are getting closer and closer. At the moment, he looks at his hometown and looks back on the past and the present, but his thoughts are complicated and mixed. Hard military life, fierce battle scenes, countless times to climb to the top of the mountain, scenes reappeared in front of me. Picking Wei is such an ancient chess piece three thousand years ago, and it is a work of reminiscence and sigh on the way home. Its category belongs to Xiaoya, but it is very similar to the national style.

The whole poem consists of six chapters, divided into three layers. Since it is a memory on the way home, I will write it in flashback. The first three chapters are one layer, recalling homesickness and describing the reasons for being unable to return. The first four sentences of these three chapters express homesickness and yearning for home in a step-by-step way. Over time, this kind of mood has become more and more urgent and unbearable. The first sentence begins with picking the EU, but the EU is both prosperous and rich. Because Osmunda japonica is edible, the guards are picking Osmunda japonica to satisfy their hunger. Therefore, this casual sentence is a verbal prospect, reflecting the hardships of the soldiers guarding the border. The "picking Wei" of frontier soldiers is indistinguishable from the "picking flies" and "picking mulberry" of women in their hometown. Garrison is not only hard, but also long. Step by step, Wei Yeting Stop, Soft Stop and Just Stop vividly describe the growth process of Osmunda japonica from breaking ground to germination, to tender seedlings, and then to hard stems and leaves. Together with "the year can't stop" and "the year can't stop", it means the passage of time and the long-term garrison. At dusk at the beginning of the year, things change, "I will go back to my hometown", but I have not returned for a long time; How can a guard who is always in danger of his life not be "worried"? So, why is it so difficult to return to the garrison? The last four sentences are explained layer by layer: being far away from home is because of the suffering of armadillos; Because of frequent wars, the garrison is uncertain; There is no time to rest, because there is no end to kings. The root cause is the "ghost cause". Hanshu? Xiongnu Biography said: "When the King (Zhou) was taken, the royal family declined, and Rong Di invaded China. China suffered from it, and the poet started it. When I am sick, I sing:' It' s embarrassing to break the family and die.' " This can be regarded as the background of the work "Picking Wei". For the suffering of armadillos, ordinary people have the responsibility to guard the service. In this way, on the one hand, it is homesickness complex, on the other hand, it is fighting consciousness. The first three chapters are intertwined with personal homesickness and the sense of responsibility for going to disaster for the country, which are two contradictory and equally true thoughts and feelings. In fact, this also constitutes the emotional tone of the whole poem, but personal homesickness and sense of responsibility for fighting have different manifestations in different chapters.

The fourth and fifth chapters describe the tense life of marching operations. He wrote about the strength of military capabilities and the strictness of vigilance, and the whole article did this. Its emotional appeal has also changed from sad homesickness to passionate fighting. These two chapters and four sentences have the same meaning and can be read in four layers. In the first four sentences of the four chapters, the poet asked himself and answered, "the gentleman's car" is raised with "the wisdom of maintaining stability", which shows the unique pride of soldiers. Then two battle scenes are described around the chariot: "The chariot is driving and the four industries are fighting. I dare to decide, 1 I will be happy on March 3. " This generally describes the mighty military capacity, high morale and frequent wars; "Driving four stallions, four stallions. The gentleman depends on it, and the villain flies. " This describes in detail the scene of foot soldiers following the chariot under the cover of the chariot and under the command of the general. Finally, from the battle scene, the soldier's equipment reads: "Four rows of wings, like a fish suit." The horse is strong, well-trained, well-armed and invincible. Soldiers are ready every day, just because the armadillo is rampant. "Don't quit every day, there are holes and thorns in the armadillo", which not only reflects the situation on the border at that time, but also explains the reason why it is difficult to return for a long time. According to the description of military life in these two chapters, Mao Xu thinks that "Picking Wei" is a poem of "sending troops to defend" to persuade soldiers. This is inconsistent with poetry. Judging from the contradictory feelings expressed in the whole poem, the defenders have both homesickness and overall situation, and it seems that there is no lack of responsibility for the rise and fall of the country. Therefore, it is natural to recall the fighting life in where will you go yesterday on the long way home.

The emotional theme that runs through the whole article is the sadness of homesickness. Perhaps the sudden snowflake woke the garrison, and he returned to reality from his memory, and then fell into deeper sadness. Remembering the past and remembering the present, how can I not be sad? "I left yesterday, willow, a.. I think about it today, it's raining. " This is the time to write the scene, which is more lyrical. Individual life exists in time. In the context changes of "today" and "past", "coming" and "gone", "snowy rain" and "willow tree", the guards deeply experienced the waste of life, the passage of life and the denial of life value by war. Unparalleled literary feelings are new through the ages. Today, people can't help feeling sad when they read these four sentences, mainly because they feel the deep feeling of life passing in the poetic realm. "Walking slowly, thirsty and hungry", coupled with the long journey home, dangerous road, insufficient luggage and hunger and cold, this imminent life dilemma deepened his sadness. "Delaying walking" seems to include the guards' worries about their parents and wives. In a few years, it is impossible to know whether you will be hired or not. When this kind of return comes, the fear of "now, approaching my village and meeting people, I dare not ask a question" (Tang who crossed the Han River) will inevitably appear. However, in this rainy wilderness, no one knows and no one comforts; "My heart is sad, but I don't know that I am sad", and the whole poem ends in this lonely and helpless lament. Throughout the poem, the typical significance of the dominant emotion is not to express the feelings of sending troops to fight, but to separate individuals from the battlefield under the background of the war conflict between the retreating dynasty and barbarians, expressing the inner world of the defenders who have been defending for a long time and are worried about their way home, thus showing Zhou people's disgust and disgust at war. Cai Wei seems to be the originator of war-weary poems throughout the ages.

In art, "I used to be absent, and the willows were reluctant." I think it's raining today ",which is called one of the best poems in" Three Hundred Poems ". The Southern Dynasties' Selected Works of Kasper? has been evaluated for more than 500 years. Wang Fuzhi's poems in Jiangzhai have become the poet's mantra, that is, "To write mourning with joy, to mourn for Syaraku, to double his sorrow and joy" and Liu Xizai's "artistic program" have become the poet's favorite words. The sentence patterns of "past" and "present" have been repeatedly imitated by poets, such as Cao Zhi's "Frost begins, and the present reveals itself" (love poems), and "Yesterday's words are not plain autumn, but the present is full of China" (autumn Hu poems), and so on.

Xian (Shang Sheng) and Yun (Shang Sheng), namely the Northern Emperor and Xiongnu.

Don't be too busy. Open, kneel and sit in danger. Live, sit and live in peace. The ancients sat on the floor, so there is a difference between sitting in danger and sitting in peace. Whether it is dangerous or safe to sit, both knees are sitting. When sitting in danger (kneeling), keep your waist straight and your hips at the same foot; When sitting, your hips are attached to your heels.

Soft and gentle. "Soft" develops faster than "Left".

Fierce, still blazing.

Hungry, hungry; Hungry and thirsty.

Guard, defend. Stop, stop.

Hire, ask and say hello.

Stiff, hard

Yang, October is Yang. Today, it's still "sunny in October".

The interpretations of Mi (Gu, Tang Sheng) and Wang Dui are endless.

Rev., Jude said rev..

Hole, very, very. Guilt, illness, pain.

Uh, fake "". The flowers are blooming.

Chang, Changdi people, and plant names.

Road, pretend to be a cart. Ho, what are you talking about?

A gentleman is a general.

Military vehicles, personnel carriers.

A stallion. Industry, expand the appearance.

Settle down and talk about living in peace.

Jay, answer the phone. It means to engage in war and engagement. When you say, agile, evil comes out, it means moving forward. There are many parades in January.

Kuai (Yang Ping) is strong and powerful.

Fee (up), cover, cover.

Wing wing, leisurely appearance. This horse is well trained.

Mi is a kind of bow with bone horns at both ends. Elephant, the end of the bow is decorated with ivory. Fish clothes, quiver made of fish skin.

Sun ring, sun alarm.

Spine, urgent. Kong Ji, this is urgent.

Once upon a time, point out the mark time.

Yiyi looks lush. Say, attachment to appearance.

Thinking, the auxiliary word at the end of language.

It is raining and snowing.

Slow down, slow down.

About the author:

The Book of Songs was written in the middle of 6th century BC, and it is said that it was written by Confucius, the founder of Confucianism. It is China's first collection of poems, with 305 works, which are divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode, all named after music. "Wind" is a local music tune, which contains folk songs of fifteen countries at that time. "Elegance" can be divided into different sizes, and most of them are music composed by nobles. "Ode" is a kind of music song used for ancestral temple sacrifice.

Go home after the war

Borrow refers to seclusion. Historical records? "Biography of Boyi" records: "The King of Wu put down the Yin chaos, and the world lived in Zhou and Zhou. Boyi and Shu were ashamed of it and refused to eat it. They were trapped in shouyangshan and picked up Wei and ate it." It tells the story of Boyi and Shu Qi who live in seclusion and refuse to serve Zhou. Meng Jiao's "Feelings" (V): "Heaven only believes in talents, who will take the EU first." Go to the wilderness and the sun goes down. "Later, he also showed his persistence in moral integrity. Wen Tianxiang's Nan 'an Army: "Mountains and rivers are eternal, while battlements are temporary. "Starving to death is my ambition, and I dream of picking roses."

Translation:

Picking the roses in handfuls, the new buds of Osmunda japonica have grown out. Say go home, say go home, another year. If you have a home, you have no home. Fight with ghosts. There is no leisure to sit down and fight with ghosts.

Pick the European Union one by one, and Osmunda japonica is fresh and tender. Say "home" and "home", I'm worried. Full of anxiety, burning, hunger and thirst, it is bitter. It is difficult to decide on land defense transfer. Who will take the book Trust home?

Pick up the EU one by one, Osmunda japonica is already old. Say "go home" and "go home", and then October comes again. No royal errands. I want to rest and have no leisure. Full of sadness and pain, afraid of never going home.

What flowers are in full bloom? Tang Di is full of flowers. What car is tall and big? The general rode in a tall chariot. Driving a chariot to fight, four strong horses galloped together. How dare you coexist peacefully on the border? How many times to win in January!

Driving four Dagong horses, which are tall and big. The general leaned against the car and the soldiers relied on it for cover. The four horses are neat, and the fish skin and quiver are carved with bows. Not a day goes by without vigilance, the military situation is urgent!

Recall that when I went out, Yangliuyiyi blew with the wind; Now on the way back, the snow is flying all over the sky. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and I am really tired of being thirsty and hungry. Full of sadness, full of sadness. Who knows my sadness!

The Book of Songs Cai Wei (Excerpt)

Yesterday, I left, and the willows were reluctant;

It rained when I thought of it today.

(translation)

Recall that when I went out, Yangliuyiyi blew with the wind;

Now on the way back, the snow is flying all over the sky.

(Remarks)

Yesterday: Point out the time.

Yiyi: A lush appearance. Say, attachment to appearance.

Thinking: suffix particles.

Feifei: The snow looks great.

Enjoy 1:

This is a famous sentence in the Book of Songs, which, like a painting, expresses the feelings of a traveler who is away from home to the fullest. It was spring when I went out, and the willows were dancing. When I came back, it was already rainy and snowy in winter. At this time of year, everything he has experienced is self-evident.

Appreciation 2:

Picking Wei is one of the poems in The Book of Songs. Annotators in past dynasties have different opinions on the date of its completion. However, according to its contents and other historical records, it is more likely that the works of the Zhou Xuanwang era will be revised. The stubborn nationalities in the northern part of the Zhou Dynasty (later Xiongnu) were very powerful and often invaded the Central Plains, which brought many disasters to the people's lives in the north at that time. In history, there are many records of the Zhou emperor sending troops to defend the border and ordering soldiers to send troops to defeat him. Judging from the content of Cai Wei, it is an era in which soldiers defend their country and struggle hard. This poem praises the hard life and homesickness of the soldiers who joined the army.

The whole poem is divided into three chapters, and the first three chapters are layered. It was written by Shi Wei. The garrison sergeant is far from home, homesick for a long time, and worried! The author wrote: Shan Wei, you have sprouted and been born. We should go home! But it's another year in a blink of an eye, and we have already neglected our family. Why? We didn't even have time to sit for a while for the invasion, but also for the invasion. We need to attack! It's time to pick Wei again. Ye Wei has grown up and leaves are tender. Time to go home! The sadness in my heart is so fierce that I am running for the war, and our garrison period is uncertain. Who can bring us a letter home? Shanwei is strong, it's time to go home! October is already spring! But the king's business is endless, and he can't have leisure. His sad mood is very painful, but no one is comforting him! The fourth and fifth chapters are about the busy and tense border war: what are the blooming flowers? It's a flower from Tang Di. Compare the prosperity of military chariots and horses with flowers: what's the big deal? That's a soldier's military vehicle. Since we had chariots, the horses were tall and vigorous, and wars were frequent, so the army had to migrate. How dare you settle down? Driving four stallions with their heads held high, the general sat in the chariot, the infantry hid behind the chariot, the horses were mighty and vigorous, and the elephant bone bow and fish skin quiver in the hands of soldiers were always by their side. The war of aggression is so powerful and rampant that horses can be more vigilant every day. These two chapters are about ferocity and Zhou's military discipline, which strengthened Ma Zhuang's grand military power. However, the life of the garrison is also hard and tense, which was written by the author in a realistic way. The sixth chapter, with a different style of writing, describes the conscripts' sadness of hunger and cold on their way back to their hometown: I think that when I went to war, Ye Sheng was full of willows. At this time, the snow and snow returned to my hometown, and the journey was long, cold, hungry and thirsty, which was very embarrassing and miserable. Xie Xuan, a native of Jin Dynasty, regarded the four sentences of "I was in the past tense" as the best poem among the 300 poems. It has a great influence in the history of literature. It is often sung and imitated by later scholars. Because the Book of Songs is famous for its profound simplicity, there are not many such sad and moving works. Therefore, it became a model of lyric works in The Book of Songs and was praised by writers of past dynasties.

The theme of this poem is serious. Zhou's soldiers were ready for battle because of their bravery. As a garrison sergeant, the author describes the seriousness of the army and the hardships of life by ordering generals and sending soldiers to guard China. The author's patriotic feelings are expressed through his hatred for you. It is also reflected in the description of their loyalty to their duties-the sharp contrast between "not eager for success", "not eager for success", "dare to settle down", "never leave" and extreme homesickness. The whole poem is supplemented by touching descriptions of natural scenery: the birth of Wei, Wei's softness, Wei's rigidity and softness, Tang Di's flowers, weeping willows, rain and snow, all of which set off the lives of soldiers, but they are homesick in their hearts. What is written here is the true thoughts of soldiers. Sad mood did not reduce the value of this article as a patriotic poem, on the contrary, it showed people's simplicity.

From the writing point of view, like many works in The Book of Songs, it uses the method of stimulating interest. In addition, it is repeated in composition and morphology, which makes the content and interest spread layer by layer and gradually deepen, and also enhances the musical beauty and rhythm of the works. The whole poem has narrative, discussion, scenery, lyricism and psychological description, and the collocation is appropriate. Therefore, picking Wei is indeed one of the most wonderful chapters in the Book of Songs. (Jiang Liangfu)