Contents 1 Pinyin 2 Introduction 3 Acute 4 Chronic 5 Notes 1 Pinyin

shí guǎn yán

2 Introduction

Esophagitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, which can be acute or chronic. Most of them are non-specific inflammation, but some are caused by specific infections.

3 Acute

It is mainly caused by trauma, such as esophagoscopy, esophageal dilatation, gastric intubation, or accidental swallowing of a foreign body, and then secondary infection; and secondly, it is caused by physicochemical factors *** such as aseptic inflammation due to strong alcohol, overheated or spicy food, or accidental swallowing of soda and alkali; in addition, acute infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, diphtheria, or typhoid fever, etc., may also be complicated with this disease. The main symptoms are retrosternal pain and dysphagia. The pain may radiate to the back and above the left scapula, and may increase or have a friction sensation when eating dry food, coarse food or hot food, and the pain may be relieved or even disappear when eating diluted food. In the early stage, dysphagia is episodic due to esophageal spasm caused by painful swallowing, and in the late stage, dysphagia is persistent due to scar contraction, and the passage of food is felt to be slow during swallowing. The diagnosis can be confirmed by esophagoscopy, which can see the formation of leukoplakia, or hemorrhagic foci, or mucosal epithelial exfoliation, or the esophageal mucosa is congested, edematous and shiny, and even the lumen becomes narrow, which can involve the cardia. Performance varies according to its etiology. barium X-ray fluoroscopy may be negative, and peristalsis is sometimes poor. Morbidity is not high, Wuhan Medical College Affiliated Hospital of Otorhinolaryngology Department of 235 cases of light-guided fiber-optic esophagoscopy with complaints of swallowing obstruction, retrosternal pain, burning sensation, vomiting and belching, only 10 cases of acute esophagitis were seen. Treatment can be used bismuth subcarbonate 0.5g (or add an equal amount of thiaminothiazole and calcium lactate) internal, every 1 to 2 hours or 4 hours once effective; heavy cases need to use antibiotics, etc., if necessary, bed rest and give the right amount of sedation.

4 Chronic

Mostly evolved from acute esophagitis, dental, sinus and tonsil foci infections are also causes. Esophageal stenosis, tumors, or cardia dystrophy make food stay in the esophagus fermentation, corruption caused by esophageal inflammation. In addition, heart, lung, liver, spleen and other chronic diseases caused by esophageal varices stasis, vitamin and nutritional deficiencies can lead to local mucosal degeneration, susceptible to infection, especially vitamin A deficiency, can make the epithelium keratinization, hyperplasia, loss of suppleness, susceptible to trauma and secondary infection. Symptoms for the sternal pain, into the hot food or *** sex food pain that is obvious, or even can be radiated to the left shoulder blade. There may be burning sensation and slow passage of food through the esophagus, obstruction, or heaviness, pressure, pulling, swelling and other sensations behind the sternum. In some cases, there may be dietary reflux, such as the absence of gastric acid, indicating esophageal stricture and obstruction. Chronic esophagitis is more common, 122 of the 235 cases mentioned above. Esophagoscopy showed diffuse chronic congestion of the esophageal mucosa with varying degrees of edema, superficial erosion of the mucosa, with white secretion on its surface, and in some cases, small round or irregular ulcers with dark red edges. Esophageal peristalsis is still good. In severe cases, the cardia mucosa may appear edematous cumbersome organisms, which may bleed easily by brushing. Biopsy should be performed to identify the tumor. Treatment is based on removing the cause of the disease, and those who have foci can remove them, such as tooth extraction and sinus and tonsil surgery. Improve dietary habits, chew slowly, or give bismuth, or swallow olive oil or sesame oil several times a day. Take vitamins A and B2 orally.

5 Precautions

Inflammation of the esophagus has many causes and varieties, such as reflux esophagitis, candidiasis esophagitis, herpes esophagitis, and radiation esophagitis, the most important of which is reflux esophagitis. Reflux esophagitis refers to inflammation of the mucosa of the lower esophagus caused by reflux of gastric and duodenal contents into the esophagus. In normal people, there is a sphincter at the lower end of the esophagus, the lower esophageal sphincter, which prevents reflux of gastric and duodenal contents. When this sphincter is dysfunctional (decreased pressure or relaxation), reflux can occur. Refluxed hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and bile salts can damage the esophageal mucosa leading to esophagitis. Clinically the disease can exist alone or in conjunction with hiatal hernia of the esophagus. A burning sensation behind the sternum is the most common symptom, most often occurring at night while lying down and relieved by sitting up. Chest pain, bleeding and dysphagia may sometimes occur. Endoscopy reveals congestion, erosion and even ulceration of the esophageal mucosa. Chronic and repeated damage can cause esophageal fibrosis, resulting in strictures. Treatment includes elevation of the head of the bed, smoking cessation smoking can significantly reduce the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter), the application of drugs to reduce intragastric acidity (antacids, histamine H-receptor blocking drugs and proton mercurial inhibitors, etc.) and gastric stimulants, and dilatation in cases of stenosis, and surgery can be considered in case of ineffectiveness.