1, Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. (Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) R.M. King &; H. Rob.) English name: Crofton Weed Chinese synonym: liberating grass, destroying grass taxonomic status: Compositae Identification characteristics: purple stem, glandular pubescent, opposite leaves, oval triangle, coarsely serrated edge. Head inflorescence, up to 6mm in diameter, arranged in umbrella shape, with 3-4 layers of total bracts and small white flowers. High 1-2.5m. Biological characteristics: perennial herbs or subshrubs, which propagate sexually and asexually. Each plant can produce achenes110,000 grains per year, which are spread with the wind by crown hairs. The rhizomes are developed and can spread rapidly by strong rhizomes. They can secrete allelochemicals and crowd out many neighboring plants. Origin: Central America, which is widely distributed in tropical regions of the world. Sichuan (southwest), Taiwan Province, the upper limit of vertical distribution is 2500m. Causes and hazards of introduction and diffusion:/kloc-0 was discovered in southern Yunnan in 935, and may be introduced through Myanmar. In its occurrence area, a single dominant community often forms, crowding out local plants and affecting the restoration of natural forests; Invasion of economic forest land and farmland, affecting the growth of cultivated plants; Blocking canals, blocking traffic, the whole plant is toxic and harmful to animal husbandry. Control methods: (1) Biological control: Eupatorium adenophorum has obvious inhibitory effect on plant height growth, and the parasitic rate in the field can reach more than 50%; (2) Substitution control: It is effective to use plants such as Brachygrass, Red Clover and Bermuda grass for substitution control. (3) Chemical control: 2,4-D, glyphosate, diquat, dicamba and other herbicides 10 can control the overground parts of Eupatorium adenophorum to some extent, but the effect on the roots is poor.

2. The scientific name of Mikania micrantha H.B.K. English name: Mile-a-minute Weed Taxonomic status: Compositae AE Identification features: slender, creeping or climbing, multi-branched; The middle leaves of the stem are triangular-ovate to ovate, and the base is heart-shaped; White flowers with flower heads. Biological characteristics: perennial herbaceous or slightly woody vines, with both sexual and asexual propagation modes. Its stem nodes and internodes can take root, and a pair of new branches can grow in the axils of each node to form new plants. Origin: Central America; It has been widely distributed in tropical areas of Asia and Oceania. Distribution status of China: It is now widely distributed in Hong Kong, Macao and the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong. The reasons and hazards of its introduction: 19 19 was found in Hong Kong in 1984, and 1984 was found in Shenzhen. Mikania micrantha is a vine with super reproductive ability, which can quickly form after climbing shrubs and trees. Plants are suffocated due to the damage of photosynthesis, and Mikania micrantha can also inhibit the growth of other plants by producing allelochemicals. For trees below 6-8m, especially for some secondary forests with low density, the landscape forest is the most harmful, which can cause the withering and death of trees, resulting in disastrous consequences. This species has been listed as one of the most harmful1000 alien invasive species in the world. Control methods: There is no effective control method at present.

3. Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb English name: Alligator Weed Chinese synonym: Alternanthera philoxeroides, Alternanthera philoxeroides. Classification status: Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae. Identification features: aquatic plants have no root hairs, and their stems are as long as 1.5-2.5m; Terrestrial plants can form fleshy storage roots with a diameter of about 1cm, with root hairs, a plant height of 30cm, a solid stem, the longest internode 15cm, a diameter of 3-5mm, and a small pith cavity. The leaves are opposite, oblong to obovate-lanceolate, and the head inflorescence is 1.5-3cm long. When stimulated, the dry-land fleshy storage roots can produce adventitious buds, which can grow 2-4cm every day at the peak of growth. The flowering period is May 5- 10/0, and it is often not fruitful. Origin: South America; It is widely distributed in temperate and subtropical regions of the world. The distribution status of China is almost all over the south of the Yellow River Basin in China. In recent years, naturalized plants have also been found in Tianjin. The reasons and hazards of introduction and diffusion: 1892 appeared in the islands near Shanghai, and it was popularized and cultivated as pig feed in the 1950s. Since then, it has caused a grass disaster, which is manifested in: (1) blocking the waterway and affecting water traffic; (2) crowding out other plants, making the community species single; (3) Covering the water surface, affecting the growth and fishing of fish; (4) Harm crops in farmland, resulting in loss of yield; (5) A large number of ditches proliferate in the field, which affects the irrigation and drainage of farmland; (6) Invasion of wetlands and lawns and destruction of landscapes; (7) Mosquitoes and flies are bred, which is harmful to human health. Control methods: (1) Agasicles hygrophila, an exclusive natural enemy insect from South America, has a good control effect on aquatic plants, but it has a poor effect on terrestrial plants. (2) Mechanical and manual control is suitable for low density or newly invaded populations. (3) Herbicides such as glyphosate, roundup and Alternanthera are used.

4, the scientific name of dolphin grass: Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L. English name: Ragweed, Bitterweed.

Classification status: Compositae AE of Compositae: below 1m, the lower leaves of the stem are opposite, the upper leaves are alternate, the leaves are pinnate once or twice, and the edges have lobulated teeth. The male inflorescence is dish-shaped and arranged in an aggregate, and the female inflorescence is born under the male inflorescence or in the upper leaf axils. Biological characteristics: annual herb, born in wasteland, roadside, ditch or farmland, adaptable. Ragweed seeds have the characteristics of secondary dormancy and strong resistance. Origin: North America; Domesticated in various regions of the world. Distribution status of China: about 15 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government in Northeast China, North China, Central China and East China. Causes and hazards of introduction and diffusion: 1935 was discovered in Hangzhou, which is a malignant weed, and its hazards are as follows: (1) Pollen is one of the main pathogens of human pollinosis; (2) Invasion of farmland, resulting in crop yield reduction; (3) release a variety of allelochemicals, which have inhibitory and repulsive effects on plants such as Gramineae and Compositae. Control methods: (1) The biological control of the ragweed moth has a good effect; (2) Bentazon, Huwei, Gramoxone and glyphosate can effectively control the growth of ragweed; (3) Using Amorpha fruticosa and Hippophae rhamnoides for alternative control has good effect.

5. The scientific name of poisonous wheat is Lolium temulentum L. The English name is Darn El Rye-Grass, and the taxonomic status of poison Darn El is Gramineae. Distinguishing features: stems are clustered, with a height of 20- 120cm. Leaves are linear and lanceolate, with a length of 6-40cm and a width of 3-13cm. Each spikelet contains (2-)4-6 flowers. The second glume has 5-9 veins; The awn is 7- 15mm long. The caryopsis is oval, 4-6mm long, green with purple-brown halo. Biological characteristics: perennial or annual herb, with wide adaptability and strong tillering ability. Its seeds are earlier than wheat, and fall off with the glume after ripening. The seeds propagate. Origin: Europe and Mediterranean region; Now it is widely distributed all over the world. The distribution status of China: it has been reported in all provinces (regions) except Tibet and Taiwan Province. The cause and harm of introduction diffusion: it is spread with wheat seeds. 1954 was found in wheat imported from Bulgaria, which can cause serious yield reduction of wheat crops. Wheat seeds are infected by fungus Stromatia Temulenta Pill.&; Del. Infection produces Temuline, which can paralyze the central nervous system. People can be poisoned if they eat flour containing 4% temuline. When the temuline is used as feed, it can also lead to poisoning of livestock and poultry. Control method: manual pulling out.

6. Spartina alterniflora Loisel. English name: Smooth Cord-grass Taxonomic status: Gramineae Identification characteristics: stem height 1- 1.7m, erect, unbranched. Leaves are 60cm long and base width is 0.5-1. The ligule hair is annular, with a length of1-1.8cm. The panicle consists of 3- 13 spikes with a length of (3-)5- 15cm, which are more or less erect. Spikelet length 10- 18mm, imbricate arrangement. The glume apex is somewhat acute, with 1 vein, the first glume is shorter than the second glume, glabrous or sparsely pubescent along the ridge; Anthers are 5-7mm long. Biological characteristics: perennial herb, born in intertidal zone. Plants are resistant to salt, flooding and wind and waves. Seeds can spread with the wind and waves. Roots are distributed as deep as 60cm in beach soil, and a single plant can reproduce dozens or even hundreds of plants in a year.

7. Scientific name of Eupatorium odoratum L. (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King &; H. Rob.) English name: Fragrant Eupatorium, Bitter Bush, Siamweed Chinese synonym: Eupatorium adenophorum Taxonomy: Compositae AE Identification characteristics: 3-7m high, stout rhizome, erect stem, spreading branches, opposite leaves, oval triangle, short and tapering apex, coarse serrations at the edge, obvious three veins, rough sides, pilose and red. The flower heads are arranged in an umbrella-shaped shape; The involucre is cylindrical, 1 cm long, with 3-4 layers of involucre. The corolla is tubular, light yellow, and the stigma is pink. Achenes are narrow and linear, with edges, 5mm long, with short bristles on the edges, and the crown hairs are dirty and coarse. Biological characteristics: tufted perennial herbs or subshrubs, achenes can spread with the wind by the crown hairs, but it is just dry and windy in mature season. It cannot survive in soil for a long time. It blooms twice a year in Hainan Island/kloc-0, the first time in April-May and the second time in September-1 February. Origin: Central America; Widely distributed in tropical areas of South America, Asia and Africa.

8. scientific name of Eichhornia crassipes (mart.) solms English name: Water Hyacinth Chinese synonym: Eichhornia crassipes, taxonomic status of Eichhornia crassipes: identification characteristics: the water part is 30-50(- 100)cm high, or higher. The stem has long creeping branches, and the leaves are basal. The middle part of petiole is somewhat swollen, and there are many air cells in it. The flowers are purple, the upper part is larger, and the middle part has yellow spots. The capsule is oval. Biological characteristics: perennial herb, floating in water or in raw mud. The propagation mode is mainly asexual, and the number of plants can be increased by 1 times in 5 days by separating creeping branches from mother plants. One inflorescence can produce 300 seeds, and the seeds can be deposited underwater. Now it is distributed in warm areas all over the world.

9. Scientific name of pseudosorghum: Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. English name: Johnson Grass Chinese synonym: Lithocarpus, Arabic sorghum taxonomic status: Gramineae identification characteristics: with elongated rhizomes, branches, erect culms, height 1-3m, wide and linear leaves, ciliate ligule, large conical order, long and long. Branches are whorled, with white hairs at the junction with the spindle; Spikelets are paired, one with stalk and the other without stalk, 3.5-4mm long, awnless and pilose. The caryopsis is brown and obovate. Biological characteristics: perennial herb, born in fields, orchards, and wet places on river banks, ditches, valleys and lakeshore. Flowering period is June-July, fruit period is July-September, and seeds and rhizomes propagate. Now it is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, as well as high latitude countries such as Canada and Argentina.

10, Scientific name of sugarcane moth: Opogona sacchari(Bojer) English name: Banana Moth Chinese synonym: banana moth taxonomic status: Lepidoptera, Hieroxestidae, Identification characteristics: adult body length 7.5- 1 0 mm. The wing is lanceolate. The front wing has two obvious dark brown spots and many fine brown lines. The antenna is filiform. The foot is thick and flat, the tarsal joint is the longest, and the tibiofibular joint of the hind foot has two pairs of pitches. The larva is oval, light yellow and about 0.5mm long. It is milky white and transparent. It is pupated, bright brown, with dark reddish brown on the back and black at both ends. Biological characteristics:/ Under the condition of higher temperature, it can reach as many as 8 generations. Larvae has strong mobility, quick action, eats cortex and stems, and eats new roots. Larvae overwinters in the soil of host flowers and trees, which is harmful to trees in the next year. Most of them eat in the dry skin of Brazilian wood for more than 3 years. Eggs are scattered or piled up, and each female lays 50-200 eggs. There are more than 60 host plants.

1 1, scientific name of the mealybug of Pinus elliottii: oracelacuta (lobdell), English name: Lobdelly Pine Mealybug, Chinese synonyms: Taxonomic status of the mealybug of Pinus taeda: Pseudococcidae of Homoptera, Identification characteristics: oval to asymmetrical oval of nymph, Long 1.02- 1.52mm.3 pairs of feet. At the end of the instar, the insect body secretes wax to form a white wax package, which covers the insect body. The male adults are divided into winged and wingless types. The difference from the local pine mealybug is that the female adult of the pine mealybug is pear-shaped, the abdomen is pointed backwards, and the antennae are 7 nodes. The damage is mainly concentrated at the end of the branches, and the insect population of the particularly stout branches is the largest. Only during the winter, some nymphs hide in the old needle leaf sheath. They lay a large number of eggs, which are not strict with temperature conditions and can tolerate a certain low temperature. Origin: United States. Distribution status of China: Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places have been reported.

12, scientific name of bark beetle: Dendroctonus valens LeConte, English name: red turtle beetle, Chinese synonym: bark beetle, taxonomic status: Scolytidae of Coleptera, identification features: adult is cylindrical, with a length of 5.7- 10.0mm, Pale to dark red. The male is 2. 1 times wider, the adult is reddish brown, the forehead is irregularly raised, the back plate of the chest is wide, with thick points, which gradually narrows to both sides of the head and does not shrink. The insect body is sparsely covered with long hair which is irregularly arranged. The female insect is similar to the male insect, but the middle forehead of the upper eyeliner is obviously raised, the front chest is larger, the end of the coleoptera is rough, and the particles are slightly larger. Biological characteristics: it mainly harms the large-diameter standing trees which have become mature and weak, especially in fresh stump cutting and logging. 1 year/-2 generations, the insect period is irregular, and the insect period is irregular. The peak period occurs in the middle and late May. Female adults first arrive at the trees, and eat into the inner and outer bark to the cambium, and the xylem surface can also be carved. In a short time after the female insects invade, the male insects enter the tunnel. When they reach the cambium, the female insects first eat upward and continuously expand the tunnel to both sides or vertically until the sap flow stops. Once the sap flow stops, the female insects eat downward, usually reaching the root. A funnel-shaped block appears around the invaded hole.

13, scientific name of American white moth: Hyphantria cunea(Drury), English name: Fall Webworm, American White Moth, Chinese synonym: autumn curtain caterpillar, taxonomic status: Arctiidae of Lepidoptera, Identification characteristics: white adult, Body length12-15 mm. The male insect antenna is comb-toothed. There are several brown spots on the front wing. The female insect antenna is serrated, and the front wing is pure white. It is ovoid. The larvae can be divided into red-headed type and black-headed type according to the color of the head. The pupa is long spindle-shaped, dark reddish brown, cocoon brown or dark red. It is composed of sparse silk-mixed larval body hair. Biological characteristics: Hyphantria cunea has two generations in Liaoning and other places 1 year. The pupa overwinters under the bark or the litter on the ground. After the larvae hatch, they spin a web and feed on the leaves in the cluster net. After the leaves are eaten up, the larvae move to branches and another part of the twigs to weave a new web.

14, scientific name of African giant snail: A Chating Fulica (ochrussac) English name: Giant African Snail Chinese synonyms: Oncomelania fusca, Oncomelania hupensis, Oncomelania hupensis, Oncomelania hupensis, French snail Taxonomic status: Stylomnatophora Oncomelanidae Achatinidae Identification characteristics: shells are oval, dark yellow or yellow, with brown white. Umbilical foramen is closed by axial lip, and the shell mouth is long and fan-shaped; The numb of layers of light blue snail in that shell is 6.5-8; The soft part is dark brown or yellow, and the shell is about l0cm high. The feet are muscular, the back is dark brown, and the mucus is colorless. Biological characteristics: they like to live in a dark and humid environment with rich vegetation and places with a lot of humus. They are most active from June to September, and they are active in the morning or at night. Their feeding habits are miscellaneous and large, and the young snails are mostly saprophagous. They are hermaphroditic, interbreeding and grow rapidly, and they can mate and lay eggs in 5 months. They have strong reproductive ability. The number of eggs laid at one time reaches 100-400. Its life span can reach 5-7 years. It has strong resistance to adversity. When encountering adverse environment, it quickly goes into a dormant state and can survive for several years in this state. Origin: Zanzibar, Pemba Island and Madagascar Island in Tanzania on the east coast of Africa.

15, Pomacea canaliculata Spix, English name: Apple Snail, Golden Apple Snail, Amazonian Snail, Chinese name: Ampullariidae, Mesogastropoda, taxonomic status: the shell is thin and oval; Light green olive to yellowish brown, smooth, with 5-6 rapidly growing spiral layers at the top of the shell. The spiral part is short conical, and the body spiral layer accounts for 5/6 of the shell height. The suture line is deep, the shell mouth is wide and continuous, and the height accounts for 2/3 of the shell height. The callus is thin, blue-gray, the umbilical foramen is large and deep, with horny, oval and concentric growth lines, the nucleus is near the axial edge of the inner lip, and the shell is more than 8cm high. The shell diameter is more than 7cm, and the maximum shell diameter can reach 15cm. Biological characteristics: it likes to inhabit slow-flowing rivers, damp and ventilated ditches, streams and paddy fields, etc. It is benthic, bisexual, omnivorous and has the habit of dormancy and hibernation. It begins to mate in early March and lays eggs on the stems or bank walls of emergent plants near the water, and the initial spawning blocks are bright orange-red. Eggs turn pale pink in the air. A female Ampullaria canaliculata usually produces 2,400-8,700 eggs per year, and the hatching rate can be as high as 90%. Its reproduction speed is about 0/0 times faster than that of local related species in Asian rice fields. Although it is an aquatic species, it can spend 6-8 months in wet mud in dry season. Once it is flooded or irrigated,

16, scientific name of bullfrog: Rana catesbeiana Shaw, English name: bullfrog, Chinese synonym: American bullfrog, taxonomic status: Anura (Salientia), Ranidae, Ranidae, Identification features: large and stout, Body length 152-l70mm. The length and width of the head are similar, the snout is blunt and round, the nostril is facing upwards, the tympanic membrane is very large, the skin on the back is slightly rough, the eggs are small, and the egg diameter is12-1.3mm. The total length of tadpoles can be above 100mm. Generally, tadpoles live in scattered waters. Tadpoles live mostly in benthos, often foraging among aquatic plants. They eat a wide range of food, including insects and other invertebrates, as well as fish, frogs, salamanders, young turtles, snakes, small rodents and birds, and even eat each other./kloc-0 can lay eggs 2-3 times a year, each time/kl

Others:

Ipomoea cairica

Passiflora coerulea

Alternanthera philoxeroides

Eichhornia crassipes

Some alien invasive species:

Mammals:

Nutria beaver (myocastor coypus)

Musk rat (Ondatra zibethicus)

Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Birds:

Sulphur-crested cockatoo (cacatua sulpurea)

Rainbow lorikeet (trichoglosus haematous)

Canada Goose (Anser Canada)

Reptiles of reptile:

Trachemys scripta elegans

Amphibians of amphibians:

Bull frog (Rana catesbeiana)

Fish Fishes:

Bighead (Aristichthys nobilis)

Gobies (Gobiidae)

Top mouth gudgeon (Pseudo Bora Parva)

Mosquito fish Mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis)

Livebearers (Poeciliidae)

Perch (Perca fluviatilus)

Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)

Crustaceans:

Crayfish (Procambius clarkii)

Mollusks, mollusk:

Amazonian snail (Ampullaria gigas)

Giant African snail (Achatina fulica)

Insect inserts:

Termites (termites)

Pine scale (Hemiberlesia pitysophila)

Fall web worm, American white moth (Hyphantria cunea)

Banana moth (Opogona sacchari)

Robolly pine mealy bug (Oracel la Acuta) of Pinus elliottii

Liriomyza sativae (Liriomyza sativae)

Rice and water are like American rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus).

Periplaneta americana (Periplaneta americana)

German cockroach (Blattella germanica)

Woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum)

Grape root louse (phylloxera vitifolii)

Nematode:

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)

Fungi fungi:

Black spot (ceratocystis fimbriata) of sweet potato

Wildlife Diseases:

Infectious pancreatic necrosis of salmon (IPNV)

Plants:

Mexican tea (Chenopodium ambrosioides)

Alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)

Alternanthera spingflower (Alternanthera pungens)

Amaranth (Amaranthus)

Cacti Cacti (Cactaceae)

False forsythia Golden Dewdrop (Duranta repens)

Solanum aculeatissimum

Plantago americana Plantaiga (Plantaginaceae)

Venus' Looking-glass (Triodanis)

Ageratum cornutum (Ageratum conyzoids)

Ragweed (Ambrosia)

Fleabance (Conyza)

Daisy Fleabane (Erigeron annuus)

Croft on weed (Eupatorium adenophorum)

Mikania micrantha (Mikania micrantha)

A yellow Tall goldenrod (Solidago altissma) in North America

Spartina anglica (Spartina anglica)

Darn El ryegrass (Lolium temulentum)

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

Palmate-leaved morning glory (IPO moea cairica)

Ivygourd (Coccinia cordifolia)

Lantana camara (lantana camara)

Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus Quinquefolia)

Common cat's claw vine (macfadyen a unguis-cati)

Wedelia trilobata (wedelia trilobata)

Castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis)

Common parthenium (parthenium hysterophorus)

Madeira Vine (Anredera cordifolia), a sweet potato with heart leaves.

Melilotus flavescens (Melilotus officinalis)

White sweetclover (melilotus Albus)

Tubeleaf kalanchce (kalanchoe tubifolia)

Weeping lantana (lantana Montenegro)

False leek Oleander leaf nothoscordum (nothoscordum Gracile)

Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)

Blue Trumpet Vine (Thunbergia Grani Flora)

Odor eupatorium (Eupatorium odoratum)

Prickly Pear (Opuntia monacantha)

Sai kui coromandel coast false mallow (malvastrum coromandelium)

Timothy (Phleum pratense)

Carpetgrass (Axonopus compressus)

Ramose scouring rush (equisetum ramosissimum)

Caterpillar grass (paspalum dilatatum)

Pennisetum (Pennisetum clandestinum)

Knot root bristlegrass (setaria geniculata)

Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense)

Italian ryegrass (Lolium multifloram)

Bulbous Barley (Hordeum bulbosum)

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Mexican ageratum (ageratum houstonianum)

Tinctorial coreopsis (Coreopsis tinctoria)

Lance Coreopsis (Coreopsis lanceolata)

Corntfower (Centaurea cyanus)

Marigold Aztec Marigold (Tagetes erecta)

White morning glory (IPO moeanil)

Common morning glory (IPO moea purpurea)

Mirabilis jalapa (mirabilis jalapa)

Mimosa pudica (mimosa sorrel)

Corymb woodsorrel (Oxalis corymbosa)

Hemp (Cannabis indica)

Cassia mimosoides, a sensitive plant-like senna.

Cassia senna (Cassia tora)

Talinum Panicked Fame Flower (Talinum Paniculatum)

Wangjiangnan Coffee Senna (Cassia occidentalis)

Common Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana)

Hawksbard velvet plant (Crassocephalum crepidioides)

Chicory (cichorium intybus)