Canna taro can be directly used as feed except for tubers and stems and leaves, and its comprehensive utilization has achieved remarkable economic benefits. At present, it is mainly processed into starch. Using the powder, slag and water left after processing, we can develop aquaculture mainly focusing on raising pigs, fish and small poultry. Starch can also be processed into refined vermicelli for food or provide a variety of raw materials for industry.
After comprehensive utilization, the general output value can be increased by more than 3 times, that is, the output value of banana taro can be more than 1,000 yuan per mu, and banana taro has strong adaptability and can be planted in general neutral soil. Under normal circumstances, the yield is 2-3 times higher than that of sweet potato. Generally, the yield of tubers per mu can reach 3000-5000 kg, and the stems and leaves are more than 3500 kg.
Canna taro used to be planted only sporadically in front of and behind the house, mainly used as feed. With the development of rural commodity economy, it began to be planted in ridges and barren slopes, and finally extended to large-scale intercropping of grain and taro, resulting in the emergence of professional households mainly planting banana taro.
Second, how to plant canna taro (1) Site selection: Canna taro has strong adaptability, and it can be planted in neutral soil such as hilltop soil, two sets of soil, the back of the front room of the house, ridge soil and dry land, or in sandy soil with loose soil and deep soil layer.
(2) Seed selection: select tubers with large roots, reddish buds, good growth and no pests and diseases as seeds, preferably with a single weight of 50-100g, and use seeds100-150kg per mu.
(3) Planting methods and methods
At present, there are three common planting methods.
(1) 1X 1 m intercropping with maize. That is, a 2-meter compartment, 1 meter planting corn and 1 meter planting canna taro. After wheat harvest, plant seeds, double-row single plant cultivation and T-shaped arrangement. If it is planted early, it can be planted with a small pry in the forest between rows when the wheat is eight mature. The row spacing is 66 cm, the nest spacing is 60-66 cm, and the yield per mu1000-100 nests is about 3,500 kg. (2) 93x93cm intercropping with corn in equal rows, namely1.86m, 93cm planting corn and 93cm planting canna taro. After the wheat is harvested, it can also be planted early, single row, two plants or single plant, with a nest spacing of 50-60 cm and 600-700 nests per mu, with a general yield of about 3000 kg per mu.
(3) The row spacing of net seed or sporadic planting is 83- 100 cm, the nest spacing is 50-56 cm, and the yield per mu is more than 5,000 kg1200-1500 nests. Planting can be started when the temperature is above 10C. The general growth period is about 240 days. Plots of pure cultivation or sporadic planting shall be planted in early March. Such as intercropping with corn, first, after the wheat harvest, that is, early May to grab the next seed; Second, when the wheat is eight mature, it is planted in the forest between rows. If the previous crop is an early-maturing vegetable, it can also be planted early. No matter net seed or grain intercropping, two forms are generally used: digging and prying. The nest depth is10-16 cm, and each nest is planted with 1-2 seeds. It is advisable to cover it with loose soil and not expose the seed blocks. About 30 picks of slag compost can be applied per mu.
(4) Field management
If banana taro is intercropped with corn, fertilization, especially nitrogen fertilizer, should be controlled in the early stage to prevent excessive growth. Generally, if the base fertilizer is used when planting, it can be topdressing twice during the growth. In principle, "the first road is light and the second road is heavy". The first fertilization is from late May to early June, combined with the upward fertilization of corn, and 8- 10 kg of ammonium carbonate or ammonium sulfate is added with 30 grams of manure cleaning water; The second fertilization should be carried out in the middle and late July, with 50 picks of human and animal manure and 25 kilograms of ammonium carbonate mixed, and then the soil should be cultivated 10- 16 cm. In the early growth stage of canna edulis, stems and leaves mainly grow, and intertillage should be deep; In the later stage, the tubers expand rapidly, and the intertillage should be shallow, combined with fertilization and soil cultivation, to keep the soil layer loose. Prevent lodging.
(5) harvesting and storage
When the temperature drops below 10C, the harvest can be started from1February. Harvest the stems and leaves from the ground10-16 cm, which can be used as feed, fertilizer and fuel. If it withers and does not cut, it will make nutrients flow backwards and reduce the yield of tuber powder. After the stems and leaves are cut, the tubers will be used as they are, and will not rot until the next spring harvest. Tubers used as seeds can be left in the field for the winter. Cultivate the soil 10- 16 cm before frost, cut off all the soil above the ground, and cover it with straw, so that it can overwinter safely. You can also harvest the seed blocks before frost, pile them indoors in a place that is not easy to get wet, cover them with straw, and seal them with fine soil for heat preservation, so that they can be safely stored.