Including patients' health education, self-training, weight loss, aerobics, joint mobility training, plyometric training, the use of walking aids, wedge-walking insoles for inversion of the knee, occupational therapy and joint protection, and daily life aids and so on. A considerable number of patients in Europe and the United States can reduce their symptoms and return to normal life and work through the above treatments. China's investment in this field and the concept of medical personnel is still relatively weak, the future strengthening of this work is the medical personnel at all levels should pay attention to.
Knee osteoarthritis patients often appear quadriceps muscle weakness, used to think that this is due to wasting atrophy caused by, but foreign recent research that quadriceps atrophy is not entirely osteoarthritis caused by the quadriceps muscle weakness may be caused by osteoarthritis of the knee joint is one of the risk factors for quadriceps muscle weakness, due to quadriceps muscle weakness, the stability of the knee joint is affected, the normal cushioning capacity of the muscle should be reduced, the knee joint stability is affected. The cushioning capacity that normal muscles should have is reduced, so strengthening the training of quadriceps muscle strength and aerobic training is beneficial to patients with osteoarthritis.
2, osteoarthritis medication
(1) sodium hyaluronate: the main component of synovial fluid in the joint cavity, one of the components of the cartilage matrix, play a lubricating role in the joints to reduce the friction between the tissues, the joint cavity can significantly improve the inflammatory response of synovial fluid tissue, enhance the viscosity and lubrication function of the joint fluid, to protect the articular cartilage, and to promote healing and regeneration of articular cartilage. It can protect the articular cartilage, promote the healing and regeneration of articular cartilage, relieve pain and increase the mobility of joints. It is often injected into the joints, 25mg once a week for 5 weeks, with strict aseptic operation.
(2)Glucosamine: the most important monosaccharides that constitute the polyglucosamine (GS) and proteoglycans in the articular cartilage matrix, GS can be synthesized by normal people through glucose amination, but the synthesis of GS in the chondrocytes of osteoarthritis patients is blocked or insufficient, resulting in softening and loss of elasticity of the cartilage matrix, destruction of the structure of collagen fibers, and increase in the number of cavities in cartilage surface, which leads to the abrasion of the bones and their destruction. Glucosamine Glucosamine can block the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, promote the synthesis of proteoglycans with normal structure in chondrocytes, and inhibit the production of enzymes (e.g. collagenase, phospholipase A2) that damage tissues and cartilage, reduce the damage of chondrocytes, improve the joint activity, alleviate the pain in joints, and delay the course of inflammatory disease in osteoarthritis. Take 250-500mg orally 1 time, 3 times a day, best taken with meals.
(3) non-steroidal analgesic anti-inflammatory drugs: can inhibit the synthesis of cyclo-oxygenase and prostaglandins, anti-inflammatory reaction, relieve joint edema and pain. You can use ibuprofen 1 time 200 ~ 400mg, 3 times a day; or aminoglycoside zinc 1 time 200mg, 3 times a day; nimesulide 1 time 100mg, 2 times a day, for 4 ~ 6 weeks.
3, osteoarthritis surgical treatment
Osteoarthritis symptoms are very serious, drug treatment is ineffective, and affect the patient's daily life, you should consider surgical intervention.
1, the knee osteoarthritis, some people advocate the first arthroscopic joint cleaning surgery, this type of surgery for some patients after surgery has a certain degree of efficacy, but the long-term effect is not certain.
2, joint replacement surgery for most patients with osteoarthritis, femoral head necrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, in the relief of pain, restoration of joint function has a significant effect, but due to the joint replacement surgery there are certain immediate and long-term complications, such as loosening and wear and tear of the components, osteolysis, and these complications can not be completely resolved at present. Therefore, it is important to strictly grasp the surgical indications for joint replacement. Strictly speaking, the indications for surgery include: (1) radiologic evidence of joint damage; (2) the presence of moderate to severe persistent pain or disability; and (3) patients who have failed to respond to various nonsurgical treatments.
The results of artificial joint replacement are closely related to the length of the operation, the experience of the surgeon, the patient's preoperative physical condition, perioperative treatment and rehabilitation. Therefore, a good joint surgeon should have knowledge of various aspects and be well-trained and skillful in order to be able to perform artificial joint replacement surgery independently.
4, osteoarthritis efficient treatment of drugs recommended: Kanli sand
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