1. preparation of culture medium
200 grams of potato, 20 grams of agar powder, 20 grams of glucose water, 0/gram of potassium dihydrochloride and 0/000 ml of water as mother culture medium, subpackaging, sterilizing, preparing slant culture medium, inoculating, and molding in an incubator at 25℃ for 7-0/0 days.
Original seed culture medium formula
Formula 1: cottonseed hull 78%, sugar 1%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, and feed-water ratio 1: 1.4.
Formula 2: 96% cottonseed hull, 3% corn flour, sugar 1%, feed-water ratio 1: 1.4.
Formula 3: wheat 98%, white sugar 1%, gypsum 1% (wheat is soaked in cold water for 6-8 hours to fully absorb water, then boiled without moving grains, fished out and drained, then quantitatively analyzed, and then caulking gypsum and white sugar are added, stirred, bottled and sterilized for later use).
Cotton nutrients, the secret recipe of cultivation medium, should be canned immediately after mixing. When canning, it should be clamped at the same time and installed at the shoulder of the bottle. The tightness of the material should be appropriate, the lower part should be slightly loose, and the upper part should be clamped to facilitate the growth of fungi and avoid the evaporation of water. After canning, smooth the material surface, then tie an inoculation hole in the management center with a tapered wooden stick, clean the bottle wall, seal the bottle stopper with polypropylene plastic film and tie it tightly with a rope. High pressure steam sterilization, 65438 0 kg/cm3, high pressure 65438 0.5 hours. Natural pressure sterilization, 6-8 hours after SAIC motor.
Inoculation and culture
When the feed temperature drops to 17 ~ 18℃, inoculation can be carried out. Five bottles of original seeds were inoculated for each slope vaccine. The original seed can be inoculated with cultivated seeds, and the amount of one bottle can be slightly larger. Inoculate 10 with the secret recipe of three wheat bran seeds in one bottle. Forming at 20-25℃ for 30-40 days to cover the bottle.
Scratch bacteria and tears
After the hyphae grow all over the bottle, tear off the plastic film and scrape off the old hyphae on the surface. The purpose of catching fungi is to make hyphae contact with fresh air and promote the mushroom buds to be more and more tidy. If the membrane produced by the old mycelium is not enough, there is no need to scratch the bacteria. Scrape the bacteria into small rakes with 6 # fine iron wire, and then sterilize them on alcohol blowtorch. Or use alcohol cotton balls for disinfection and sterilization. After catching the bacteria, smooth the culture material, otherwise the loose culture material is easy to dehydrate and dry.
. Mushroom production management
After the bacteria are scraped, they will not be sealed again. You can cover the bottle stopper with a layer of wet newspapers and periodicals, and always keep the newspapers and periodicals wet and cold, but don't sprinkle water on the culture materials immediately. At this time, the outdoor temperature drops to 8 ~ 10℃, the air humidity is 85% ~ 90%, and the room should be kept dark. After 8 ~ 10 days of ultra-low temperature solution, the culture medium turns milky white, and a water polo match appears, that is, the mushroom-growing state of "Huangyeye". At this time, it is most important to moisturize and replenish water (if dried, the mushroom buds will wither and die). In another 5-6 days, the young mushrooms can grow bottle stoppers. In order to extend the stem better, a layer of paper sleeve was added to the cork during the fruiting period.
Selection of cultivation season: according to the local climatic conditions and the breeding characteristics of Flammulina velutipes, it is the key to ensure high yield and high quality to allocate suitable cultivation season. The cultivation period in the south is generally 1 1 to March of the following year, and the climate in the north is extremely cold. The cultivation period can start from autumn to May of the following year. If you use the villa basement or I-type civil air defense fortifications for training, the time can be moderately increased.
Selection of cultivation site: the natural environment with clean, natural ventilation, shade, moisture retention and water replenishment should be selected for the cultivation site of Flammulina velutipes. Indoor culture racks should be set up, each with 5-6 floors, the interval between floors is 45-50 cm, and the aisle between culture racks is 60 cm, which is convenient for practical operation and management.
Preparation of culture medium: using sawdust, cottonseed hull, bagasse, corn stalk, wheat stalk and rice husk as main raw materials, and adding a certain amount of rice husk or wheat bran, sugar and caulking gypsum, the culture medium can be prepared. It is prepared from 73% of main materials, 25% of chaff or wheat bran, 0/%of sugar and 0/%of caulking gypsum. When preparing, all kinds of raw materials are mixed according to the preparation, the water content is 65%, and the pH is 6.5. Then put it into a glass bottle or a packaging bag, and tie a cork or seal the bag.
Sterilization and inoculation: after loading, put the bottles and bags into autoclave or natural pressure sterilization furnace for sterilization. High pressure steam sterilization lasts for 1- 1.5 hours at the working pressure of1cm2, and natural pressure sterilization lasts for 6-8 hours at 100℃. When the feed temperature drops to 25℃, the vaccine is connected in bottles or bags according to the principle of aseptic operation.
Hyphae culture: after inoculation, move the bottles and bags into the molding room and put them on the culture rack, keep the temperature at 23-26℃, promote the germination and transplanting of hyphae as soon as possible, and seal the material surface. In 3-4 days, when the mycelium germinates and grows into the culture medium, the temperature should be reduced to about 20℃ to promote the vigorous growth and development of the mycelium. After half a month, the silk can grow to more than half of the water bottles or packaging bags, the temperature can be reduced to 18-20℃, and the ventilation is improved, 1-2 times a day. After 25-30 days of molding, the mycelium can be covered with bottles and bags, and then the mushroom production management method can be transferred.
Mushroom production management method
After the mycelium is full of bottles and bags, take off the bottle cap or bag immediately. Remove the old inoculation block, scrape the material surface, cover the bottle and seal the bag with waste newspaper, and water it 1-2 times a day to keep the newspaper moist. The temperature is controlled at 13- 16℃, and the humidity of gas and air is kept at 85-90%. When brown water drops appear on the surface of the culture medium, mushroom buds are produced in about one week.