Shangyuan Festival, Zhongyuan Festival and Xiayuan Festival refer to the 15th day of the first lunar month of Shangyuan Festival and the Lantern Festival respectively. On the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month on the Mid-Yuan Festival, Ghost Festival; On the fifteenth day of the tenth lunar month of the next Yuan Festival, Daojie.

1, Shangyuan Festival

Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month, also known as Shangyuan Festival, is one of the traditional festivals in China. The first month is the first month of the lunar calendar, and the ancients called the night "Xiao", and the fifteenth day is the first full moon night in a year, so the fifteenth day of the first month is called the Lantern Festival. Also known as the first lunar month, Yuanxi or Lantern Festival, it is the first important festival after the Spring Festival. Eating Lantern Festival, enjoying lanterns and solve riddles on the lanterns are several important folk customs.

2. Mid-Autumn Festival

Zhongyuan Festival is a Taoist saying. In ancient China, the 15th day of January, July and October was called Shangyuan, Zhongyuan and Xiayuan respectively: Shangyuan was heavenly god blesses the people Day, Zhongyuan was the day when local officials forgave sins, and Xiayuan was the day when water officials relieved Eritrea. Therefore, in the mid-Yuan Dynasty, Purdue was a ghost. Mid-Autumn Festival-The traditional folk festival "Mid-Autumn Festival" in China on July 15 of the lunar calendar. In the south, it is also called "Ghost Festival". It is also said that the Mid-Autumn Festival is on July 14 of the lunar calendar. On this day, people bring sacrifices to the graves to pay homage to their ancestors, similar to Tomb-Sweeping Day's visit to the graves.

3. Next Yuan Festival

Next Yuan Festival is a traditional folk festival in China, which falls on the 15th day of the 10th lunar month. It is also called "Next Yuan Day" and "Next Yuan Day". On the fifteenth day of the first month, the Han people called Shangyuan Festival, which celebrated Yuanxiao, which has existed since ancient times. On July 15th, the Han people called the Mid-Yuan Festival to offer sacrifices to their ancestors. On October 15th, the Han people called the Next Yuan Festival to worship their ancestors. The next yuan festival is also the last moon festival in a year. When the moon is full, people will have the most important ancestor worship activities.

The date and relationship of ternary

There are so-called "three yuan" in China's lunar new year season, which refers to the upper yuan on the 15th of the month, the middle yuan on the 15th of July and the lower yuan on the 15th of October. Shangyuan is the birthday of Tianguan Emperor. In the Tang Dynasty, it was called Shangyuan, Zhongyuan and Xiayuan respectively on the 15th of January, July and October: Shangyuan worships the heavens, Zhongyuan worships the earth and Xiayuan worships the water, and grand celebrations will be held in temples dedicated to Sanguan Emperor.

Taoism has three officials: heavenly god blesses the people on the 15th day of the first month, the local official forgives sins on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, and the water official relieves Eritrea on the 15th day of the tenth lunar month.

The origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival

The name "Zhongyuan" originated in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which is a Taoist saying. According to ancient records, the fifteenth day of the first month of the Taoist scriptures is "Shangyuan" and heavenly god blesses the people Day; July 15 is "Zhongyuan", which is the day when local officials forgive sins; October 15 is the "Xiayuan", which is the day for the water officials to relieve Eritrea. According to the Book of Practice, "On the Mid-Yuan Day in July, the local officials descended, and the good and evil on earth were determined, so the Taoist priests chanted scriptures at night and the prisoners were freed from hunger." Therefore, on the 15th of July, people will prepare rich sacrificial rites to worship the local officials and their ancestors.

The Mid-Autumn Festival is the product of the combination of Taoism and traditional folk customs in China, and the two can correspond, mainly based on the same world view: the three realms of heaven, earth and water are deified into three realms of government under the jurisdiction of heaven, earth and water officials. The so-called "Three Realms Duke" among the people refers to the three gods with three officials.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, Tianshi Daoism had integrated the pre-Taoist world view, and it was necessary to put the "Three Officials' Calligraphy" in heaven, earth and water for the first time to express repentance to the three officials and pray for peace. After the development of the Six Dynasties, the three-meeting day was combined with the ternary thought. Under the official advocacy of the Tang Dynasty, the ternary days of Shangyuan, Zhongyuan and Xiayuan were stereotyped and became ternary festivals to pray for Naji and worship the ancestors. The emperor led hundreds of officials to participate in the festival ceremony. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Sanyuan Day became a folk festival.

During the Mid-Autumn Festival, Taoist temples, such as the Temple of Fire in Di 'anmen and the Baiyun Temple outside Xibianmen, hold the "Dojo of Blessing Auspicious" as usual every year in order to pray for "good weather, peaceful country and people's safety". Because of their fear, people combine Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in their daily lives, and call the Mid-Autumn Festival on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month "Ghost Moon".

After the introduction of Buddhism, there was also a ritual of crossing over to recommend ancestors in Buddhism, which was called "ULLAMBANA" (Indian word), which was also called "Menglan Basin Society". The meaning of Menglan basin is hanging upside down, and the pain of life is like a bat hanging upside down on a tree, hanging and miserable. In order to save all living beings from the suffering of hanging upside down, it is necessary to chant scriptures and give food to ghosts and ghosts. This happens to coincide with China's ghost-moon worship, and Buddhism also holds a prayer meeting on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, so the Mid-Yuan Festival and Menglan Meeting are handed down at the same time.