"Oleander Thimble Thousands of Poems and Folk Songs": Feng Menglong (2)

Only by transcending the confusion of "emotion" and "color" can we reach a higher Zen state and gain the spiritual understanding. relief. The monk Linji said that "there is no true person on the naked flesh ball", which refers to pure human nature. It is a living Zen state that is not separated from the world and "lives and breathes its heart". (Yagita Sacred Mountain). ?Zen is originally the most realistic knowledge with life as the theme

According to Li Zhi of the Ming Dynasty, "dressing and eating are the physics of human ethics. There is nothing other than dressing and eating." Individuals’ real-life desires are natural and reasonable, and should follow the natural desires of the human heart. He vigorously affirmed the inherent inevitability of individual life desires and survival needs, and elevated life desires and survival needs to the level of social nature and natural principles with legitimacy and rationality, and equated them with "natural principles". The ontology is the natural heart of human nature, which eliminates the internalization of moral norms such as loyalty, filial piety, and justice, and expands the perceptual content of inner emotions and life desires. The true nature of the heart is not the kind of external rational concepts and social norms, but the living nature of human nature.

Feng Menglong's "Three Words" and Cao Xueqin's "A Dream of Red Mansions" are undoubtedly the embodiment of this kind of thinking. Jia Baoyu is a "love madman". In fact, "Dream of Red Mansions" has repeatedly hinted that the love monk is Jia Baoyu. Jia Baoyu's spiritual suffering is also the love monk's journey of seeking enlightenment, which can be traced in the book. ?"Emotional Monk" refers to "a person who is truly awakened to emotion, who has a thorough understanding of emotion, maintains the wisdom and spiritual roots of emotion, reaches the prajna state of emotion, and is connected with what Feng Menglong said is the passionate and joyful Tathagata who lives the world with emotion." It is very different from the kind of "modern Kumarajiva" who is full of Zen and indulgence. "Baoyu said to Daiyu several times: "If you die, I will become a monk." The "monk" I want to be called is actually a "love monk" when looking at its essence and original meaning.

In the first chapter of "A Dream of Red Mansions", it is said: "Although the main theme is about love,... because seeing color in the sky, feeling is caused by color, conveying emotion into color, self-seeing is empty, Taoist Kongkong changed his name Love Monk, changed "The Story of Stone" to "Love Monk Record"? "Not leaving the world" means that you are still full of attachment to life and have "emotion" that is difficult to let go. Taoist Kongkong changed his name to Qingseng, and changed "The Story of Stone" to "Qingsenglu", which actually has a metaphorical meaning, representing the trend from "emptiness" to "emotion", and contains the ideological trajectory from persistence to transcendence. ?The term "love monk" was originally created by Cao Xueqin. It denies that one can become a Buddha without being ruthless. It goes against the Buddhist view of "emotion" and regards "emotion" as the delusion that is opposite to "emptiness". An opportunity to understand the spiritual essence of "color and emptiness" in Buddhism.

"Emotion" has become an indispensable intermediary between "color" and "emptiness". For reference, the seventeenth volume of "Wudeng Huiyuan" records the words of Zen Master Qingyuan Weixin: "When the old monk did not practice Zen thirty years ago, he saw mountains as mountains and water as water. Later, he saw knowledge with his own eyes. , there is a place where you can see that mountains are not mountains, and that water is not water. Now you have found a resting place, and you can see that mountains are just mountains, and water is just water." This is what Qingyuan Weixin has experienced through his life practice. opinion.

Three lines of folk songs and one line of poetry, the middle four lines of which are new words, are copied from the present and replaced with the past, all with ingenuity and the love of a man and a woman. Silver twisted wire.

The note refers to the fact that among the eight lines of the poem, the first, second and seventh lines are adapted from folk songs, and the eighth line is taken from "Poetry of Thousands of Families". These four lines are all seven-character lines? (But it is often the case that There are many lining words), and the four sentences in the middle are all four-character sentences, which were drafted by the editor. ( Sister said,) Qing Gelang made a real trick of pole-polling in the fast water, and little Anunu made a wild wave without a boat.

Note that there is a lonely grassy stream growing beside it, and there are yellow parrots singing in the deep trees;

The spring tide brings rain that comes late, and the wild waves are crossed by no one's boat.

The grass beside the stream, the orioles in the deep trees, the late spring tide mixed with wind and rain flakes, form a very beautiful, harmonious and vivid composition. However, in this composition, the people representing the subject are all missing. Therefore, the artistic conception of this poem is that people exist in a state of death, which is equivalent to "seize people but do not seize the state" among the four seizures.

Wei Yingwu's "Chuzhou West Stream"? This is a famous landscape poem and is Wei Yingwu's most famous landscape painting. Although the poem describes ordinary scenery, after the poet's touch, it has become a rhythmic painting with profound artistic conception. ?This article was written when the author was serving as the assassin of Chuzhou. The author visited the Xijian River in Chuzhou and wrote this poetic poem.

Note: "There is no boat in the wild waves, but there is no one on it" is one of the indescribable mental methods of Zen Buddhism. This place was made "indescribably obscene" by Master Feng Menglong.

○ Slowly looking for fragrant grass

White clouds are flying on the top of the Hengshan Mountain, my sister remembers her son and her lover, but I can’t see her return, (I only see) luxuriant fragrant grass, Wang and grandson are lost in the road, the moon is setting late at night , Zigui cried again, (Sister said,) Little Anunu only said that my lover has left me, and I will be late in searching for fragrant grass.

Note that counting the fallen flowers is due to sitting for a long time? Slowly searching for fragrant grass will return late (wonderful sentence)

——Wang Anshi's "Beishan" of Song Dynasty

Wang Anshi's "Beishan" was written after he retired to Beishan, Zhongshan in Nanjing, in his later years. This is the background for our interpretation. The predecessors said that the beauty of these two lines of poetry is that "the words are spoken at will, and they are natural." Some critics believe that these two poems have reached the state of "forgetting both things and myself, and enjoying leisure and contentment".

In fact, I think the beauty of these two lines of his poem is that it looks relaxed on the surface, but is full of melancholy in its heart; it is relaxed on the outside but stretched on the inside. It can even be said that its "relaxation" is precisely to write about the emotions in his chest. A kind of full and lost "openness".

Looking at the words "jiu" and "chi", it naturally feels like a long time. Whose feeling? Not from others, but from the poet himself. If he really "forgot about things and me and was content with his leisurely life", he would not have felt that the time was so long and difficult to pass. Don't the words "long" and "late" clearly reveal that he has a feeling of wasting his time? It's only in vain that I feel it's long. To savor the fallen flowers and to "count them in detail" is clearly a boring state. And although "slowly searching" is the "grass" of searching, is it not a purposeless action? What best describes the author's heart is "sitting for a long time" and "returning late". There is no need to be in such a hurry to go back, because there is nothing waiting for you to do.

○The setting sun is swaying

The spring is late and the flowers are flying. I miss my lover and my heart is crazy. The spring is about to end, and the red wheel is falling in the west. On the edge of Yangmo, the pedestrians are getting thinner. (Sister) Said,) I was sitting alone in a tall building, looking around and saw the setting sun, flutes and drums, and a few boats returning.

Note: On the lake? Xu Yuanjie? The flowers are blooming, the mangroves are singing, and the grass is growing and the egrets are flying across the lake. ?The weather is sunny and people are in good spirits, and the sunset is full of flutes and drums, and a few boats are returning.

This is a poem about a spring outing to the West Lake. The first two sentences focus on describing the scenery on the lake, with orioles, mangroves, egrets and green grass, which contrast with each other and are full of life. On a sunny sunny day, people enjoy the scenery on the lake, and how comfortable they feel; taking advantage of the afterglow of the setting sun, accompanied by bursts of drums and flutes, people row boats one after another and return happily. This atmosphere How passionate it is. The language of the whole poem is fresh and fluent, the scenery is gorgeous and colorful, and the sound and color are used to paint a picture of a joyful spring outing on the lake.

○But I doubt the beauty of spring

When I returned home, the sunset was covered by clouds, and my sister’s eyes were dazzled by the memory of her love. At dusk, I still hadn’t seen him. There was good wine across the wall, and everyone wanted credit, ( Sister said,) I could only hear what sounded like a man talking in the sister's room next door, but I suspected that Chunse was in the neighbor's house.

Note on Chunqing? Author: Wang Jia? Dynasty: Tang Dynasty: Before the rain, the stamens among the flowers were first seen, but after the rain, there were no leaves and flowers at the bottom. ?The bees and butterflies rushed over the wall one after another, but they suspected that the spring beauty was in the neighboring house.

[Translation] Before the spring rain, I saw new stamens exposed among the flowers. After the rain, I saw only flowers and leaves, and not even a flower under the leaves. Bees and butterflies picking flowers, because they could not find them. The flowers flew over the courtyard wall one after another, making people suspect that the spring scenery was still in Linjia's garden.

This impromptu poem describes the scene of the last spring seen while walking in the small garden after the rain. The scenery captured in the poem is very simple and ordinary, but it is unusual and full of poetic interest. ?The first two sentences of the poem capture the word "flower" that symbolizes spring. They compare and contrast what they see "before the rain" with the scene "after the rain", revealing a feeling of cherishing spring. Before the rain, spring has just arrived, and the flowers have just spit out their buds, but they have not yet opened; but after the rain, the flowers are gone, and only the trees are full of green leaves. This shows how long it has been raining, and the beautiful spring scenery is covered by this. A bitter rain killed Nao. The poet looked at the scene of the small garden with fallen flowers and spring leaves, and how disappointed he was and sighed! ?It is not only the poet who is disappointed, but also the bees and butterflies. Looking at the bees and butterflies "one after another crossing the wall", the poet, full of feelings of cherishing spring, suddenly had a wonderful association: "But I suspect that spring is in the neighbor's house." There is a neighbor's house on the other side of the courtyard wall, and the poet's idea seems to be true and well-founded; but the neighbor's small garden across the wall is naturally not unique, and the poet's idea is so naive; after all, the wall is high and blocks the view, so he cannot be sure, so The poet only said "suspicious", and the word "suspicious" is very measured, which adds to the sense of reality. These two poems not only vividly describe the bees and butterflies chasing the spring scenery, but also vividly describe the "spring scenery". It seems that "Yangchun" really has "feet". She does not live in her own small garden, but runs to the neighbor's garden. Home, how naughty and good at teasing she is! ?"But I suspect that the spring scenery is in the house next door" can be described as a "magic stroke". The wording stands out and makes people feel refreshed immediately. This sentence is the essence of the whole article, turning iron into gold. Through its enlightenment, the small garden, bees and butterflies, and spring scenery all glow with a strange look and are full of fun. The ancients said that "poems are precious and lively sentences" (Wu Qiao's "Poetry Talk around the Furnace") probably refers to this kind of fresh and vivid poems that can best express the poet's unique feelings.

○Green Grass Pond

Every family shines on the window screen with the moonlight shining on the window screen, and the sister and daughter feel confused. When the lover leaves, when will they get home, they sit alone in the middle of the night, sighing and sighing, ( Sister said, "Hey, sir," little Anunu is still not used to hearing the sound of a mandarin duck snoring on his pillow. Then teach me how to listen to a frog alone in a grassy pond.

No one asked about the fallen flowers outside the door, and the green shade slowly spread all over the world. The oriole crows in a silent place, and the frog alone listens in the grassy pond.

This is a poem describing the sceneries of late spring. The flowers have fallen, and the earth is covered with lush green trees; the orioles have stopped singing, and there are frogs singing everywhere in the grassy ponds. Two pairs facing each other vividly express the prosperous and lively scene in late spring. It certainly doesn't matter whether the scene is late spring or early summer. What this poem contains is a kind of emotion after the spring flowers have faded, and in the loneliness, a kind of faint sadness caused by the change of time.

○Don't send people in succession

The frogs are noisy and the sister is stunned. The lover walks over, pushes the slave down, pulls the robe open, and teaches the slave to wipe himself with fresh red drops of dew. , (The little sister said, "Lang,") I would rather wear fragrant Lopa in the future than light green moss one after another.

Note: Zhu Shuzhen, a female poet of the Song Dynasty, said in her poem "Falling Flowers": "I would like to teach the Qing Emperor to always be the master, and not to send people to light the green moss."; I really want the god in charge of spring to be the master for a long time, and not let him Delicate and lovely flowers fell on the green moss.

○Beauty singing and dancing

The moss-covered steps are sparsely populated, my sister and her children are waiting for people in their room, the lonely lamp is dim, the jade leak is late, look at the moon setting, the neighbor's chicken is crowing again , (Sister said,) I stayed up all night until dawn, and the beauty never returned from singing and dancing.

Annotation of Xie Fangde's "The Song of the Silkworm Woman": "If you don't believe in the willow moon above the building, the beauties have never returned from singing and dancing. When Zigui cries for the fourth time, he will look at the thick silkworms and be afraid of the thin leaves;

< p> Don't believe it - Unexpectedly. Jade woman - a beauty with a jade-like appearance.

The two lines of the original poem are based on the idea of ??a woman from a wealthy family staying up all night long to reflect the life of a silkworm woman. It was hard work. The silkworm women had already gotten up to check whether the silkworms still had mulberry leaves. At this time, the waning moon that had been at the top of the building had already set and hung slantingly on the willow trees. Unexpectedly, those women were having fun. , but he is still outside singing, dancing and rejoicing all night long and has not returned yet!

○Wei Jiemantian

There has been little news about returning home. The kindness of the past has turned into ashes. The twelve Red Mansions, I know him. To whom have I given you thousands of warnings, but now they are in vain. (Sister Dao, Lang Ye,) You are like the wind-weary poplar flowers, which are impermanent, but the snow is flying all over the sky.

Note on late spring (Han Yu) Grass and trees know spring. Return soon, all kinds of reds and purples compete with each other. The poplars and elm trees have no talent, but the sky is filled with snow. 〈Note〉: ? Late spring: competition. Fangfei: This refers to the bright and beautiful flowers. Elm pod: also called elm money. Talent: talent and ability. Just know. Spring is about to pass, and when the news comes, the flowers and trees want to keep the pace of spring, and they are blooming in a variety of colors. Even the poplar flowers and elm flowers that have no beautiful colors are not willing to be lonely. They dance with the wind and turn into flying snow.

○Not in sorrow

The flying flowers are all over the ground and they blame the east wind. The old appearance is reduced due to the loss of spring, the garden is wide and wiped, the gold chain is loose, the long and short sighs are long, and I feel as if I am deaf. > Note from Yang Wanli's poem "Shangchun": It is expected that this spring will be full of joy, but it is still in vain. If you don't have dazzling eyes every year, you will either be sad or sick.

○Don't believe in the east wind.

When I am ill, I look forward to my husband day and night. I don’t know how close my short-lived enemy is to each other. The weather is sleepy and I miss my loved one. I am critically ill. I look forward to the morning and evening. My voice is good and my messages are sparse. (Sister said, Lang,) You are so kind-hearted and iron-clad. If you don't believe it, the east wind won't come back.

Note: Late Spring? (Song Dynasty) Wang Ling

In March, the remaining flowers are blooming, and swallows are flying from the small eaves every day. /p>

Zigui still cries for blood in the middle of the night, not believing that the east wind will not call her back.

This is a poem with the theme of sending off spring, but it changes the sad sentiment of cherishing spring, such as " Helplessly, the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallows return", which expresses the pursuit of life with enthusiasm and endless struggle.

○Sisi Tianji

Looking back, I saw Zijie as a lover, I It's no use burning incense today. He is neatly dressed and looks good. His eyebrows come and go, and his heart aches. (Sister said, "Lang,") If you are willing to visit the slave, I will recognize him without any trace. Wall.

Note: "A bunch of plum powder has faded away its makeup, and the begonias are painted in new red. The tea flowers are in full bloom, and wisps of sky thorns are sprouting from the berry wall. "? - Wang Qi of the Song Dynasty, "Spring Evening Tour in the Small Garden"

The cruelty in the last sentence is a matter of blooming. It is the inevitable result of extreme joy that leads to sorrow. It is the price of the most prosperous and splendid, and it is the price of the most prosperous and splendid.

○How much time

I met a lover in the wall gate pavilion, and gave each other a sweat scarf to show my slave's heart, needle and thread, and I made silk. Threads and threads are the slave's affection. I, Lang Fu, want to use the channel to throw it away. I don't know how long it takes to know it.

Note Ying? Suo [Song Dynasty]? Liu Kezhuang

Throwing. Liu Qianqiao is so affectionate that he makes noises when making love.

The flowers in Luoyang are like brocade in March. How much time does it take to weave them? Flying around on the branches, occasionally running to tall trees.

Liu Kezhuang was a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. One of the "reference books" it is based on compares the orioles flying between the trees to the shuttles of the tapestry, and their calls are like the sound of spinning machines, so they are called "orioles shuttles" in the poem. Liu Kezhuang said that the flowers in spring are all woven by orioles. This metaphor is very novel and interesting.

○I don’t know when spring will go.

The bees fly in pairs, and Barbary’s lover never returns. , I am pale and haggard, my soul is lost in thought, the orioles have just stopped, and Zigui cries again. (Sister said) There are three autumns in one day, and I only feel that the days can last forever, and I don’t know how long it will take for spring to go.

Note on late spring. At that moment, there are two birds on the wall writing on the desk, and the poplar flowers are falling into the ink stone. I don't know how long the spring has passed. Zhou Dunyi was Er Cheng's teacher. > ○Delivery again

As time passed, Sister Zi felt sad, and walked alone to the back garden, the east wind courtyard, pear blossoms and azaleas, be more sweet, who can take pity on me, (Sister said,) under my wood-scented shed, Find a companion and talk to each other sincerely, and you will have half a day's leisure.

Note from "The Monk's Residence at Helin Temple" by Li She of the Tang Dynasty (the temple is in Zhenjiang).

"I was in a state of drunkenness and dreaming all day long. Suddenly I heard that spring was coming and I was climbing a mountain. Because I met a monk while passing the bamboo courtyard, I had a half-day of leisure." The general idea is that the poet passed by a temple with dense bamboo forests and accidentally met him. After talking to a monk for a long time, he realized that he had gained half a day of leisure in the ups and downs of his life. As a result, people who are busy all day long are floating in the vast sea of ??people. It is really rare to find time to relax occasionally.

○Only sunflowers

I leaned against the south window and thought about my old love. My lover never saw that I was worried about my slave. I left from Ibi, and there was no news. After the begonias bloomed, I looked straight to this day. (Sister said,) I only saw the garden full of flowers, but only the sunflowers were leaning toward the sun.

Comments on "Early Summer in a Guest House" by Sima Guang, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty

April is clear and the rain is clearing, and it is clear that every household in Nanshan has changed.

There are no catkins blowing up due to the wind, only sunflowers leaning towards the sun.

The first two sentences describe the scenery of clearing up after the rain, while the description of the scenery in the last two sentences has sustenance. The meaning of the third sentence is: I am not a catkin dancing in the wind, which means I will never be opportunistic in politics or agree casually; my heart is like a sunflower facing the sun, which means I am loyal to the emperor. The poet expresses his ambitions with objects, and his writing style is euphemistic and implicit.

This is a poem that embodies feelings in the scenery and expresses feelings about objects. The starting point is to point out the season: a drizzle in early summer dispels the chill of spring and cleanses the dust in the air. , which makes the mountains and rivers become brighter and more charming after experiencing the baptism of summer rain. Then I turn to the close-up view: Spring passes and summer comes, and the catkins flying in the wind are no longer in front of me, only the bright sunshine from beginning to end. The poet deliberately chooses "catkins" and "sunflowers" as comparisons. He means one thing and the other, precisely to express his inner emotions: In the wind and rain, I will not be like the ruined catkins called "watery poplars". "Sunflowers in the sun!

○ Knocking chess pieces for free

The rain is pouring through the window screen, and the sun is tilting behind the door of the rotor. The thrush is far away, and the lovesickness is getting worse. Dusk is approaching, and my heart is like Luanma, it's deserted tonight, with only the fragrance of plum blossoms as company, and the lanterns and lanterns hanging from the chess pieces.

Note: "I didn't show up until midnight when I had an appointment. I knocked the chess pieces and let the lanterns fall." comes from the third and fourth sentences of the ancient poem "A Guest" by Zhao Shixiu, a poet from the Song Dynasty. The full poem is as follows:

< p> During the yellow plum season, it rains everywhere, and frogs are everywhere in the grassy ponds.

I didn’t come over at midnight because I had an appointment, so I knocked on the chess pieces and let the lanterns fall.

Notes

1. An appointment: It means inviting friends.

2. Falling lanterns: In the old days, oil lamps were used for lighting, and the wicks burned out, and when they fell they looked like a flower. A shining little flower. Fall: to make... fall. Denghua: a flower-like object formed by burning out the wicks

Translation

During the yellow plum season, every household is wrapped in the mist of rain and fog, and the ponds covered with grass are full of frogs. . It was already half past midnight, and the guests he had arranged for (the poet) had not yet arrived, so he had to ponder alone in front of the chessboard. Unknowingly, the lights went out.

Appreciation

Look at the third sentence again, "I have an appointment but I won't come until midnight." I guess that this sentence is probably the reason why the book draws the conclusion of "anxiety". If your friend doesn't come after midnight, of course you would be anxious if you were me. But this is Zhao Shixiu, just like Lu You's "low paper slanting and leisurely grassing". Zhao Shixiu just sat in front of the lamp like this, waiting for the guests to come, completely bored. Then he saw the chess pieces in the game, so he picked them up, knocked them casually and nonchalantly, without feeling anxious.

○Watching children at leisure

A girl with flowers fluttering is easy to be evil, she can’t see her beautiful enemy in front of her eyes, it is sunny and rainy, the spring is on credit, she is emotionless and lazy, rouge is lazy Apply, (sister said,) I met a child who taught me how to hum, and watched the children catching willow flowers.

Note that the plum leaves the teeth sore, and the plantain is divided into green and window screen. The day is long and I fall asleep with no thoughts, watching children catching willow flowers. (One of the two quatrains in "Wake up from a nap in early summer")? Waking up in the afternoon and waking up with nothing to think about? Watching the children picking flowers and playing in their spare time. "Watching the children catching willow flowers at leisure" clearly states the word "Xian", which is the most meaningful. With one glance and one catch, one stillness and one movement, it not only writes the vivid picture of early summer, but also the poet's broad mind. As a result, ordinary daily life has a poetic meaning, and landscape pastoral poetry has a new artistic conception. Author:? Yang Wanli

○Tiande Oriole

The flowers are blooming. Sister Xie is frightened. There is no empty room. Teach me how to sit down and take a leisurely stroll. The courtyard is covered with moss. , The green shade is getting dark, the wind is about to blow, (sister said,) I walked all over the garden, there is no luxurious and lively place, just the four or five orioles chirping.

Notes on "Three Qu Roads" by Zeng Ji, a poet from the Song Dynasty

The plum blossoms are yellow, the sun is clear, and the creek is full of mountains.

The green shade continues as time passes, adding four or five oriole calls.

The poem writes about the peaceful scenery in early summer and the poet's relaxed and happy mood while hiking in the mountains.

The first sentence describes the travel time, and "Plum Yellow Time" refers to May. The season when the plums are about to mature is often rainy, but now it is "sunny every day." Writing about the sunny weather also describes the poet's happy mood. The sky is clear and so is the heart, so bright and cheerful! The second sentence writes the travel route. The poet took a boat to go sightseeing in the mountains, "flooded" the boat, and when he reached the end of the stream, he changed to the mountain road - the trail in the mountains of Sanqu, which has endless fun, endless elegance, and endless fun. The third sentence writes "Lv Yin", which refers to the way back from the mountain tour. The beautiful scene of Lv Yin still retains the richness of the mountain climbing.

The fourth sentence writes about the sound of orioles, and several more melodious calls of orioles are added to the green forest on the roadside, adding endless vitality and interest to the Sanqu Mountain Road. The whole poem is bright and natural, full of life charm.

○The weather for sleepy people

There are a lot of voices saying that spring is busy, the little lady is thinking about Zilang in the room, the bees are singing and the butterflies are dancing, the wild flowers are fragrant, the spring painting is late, how to teach the slave how to be , holding the fragrant cheek in hand, unconsciously unconscious, it is the beginning of the day that makes people sleepy.

Note on early summer/immediate scene/clear day

Xie Que’s begonias have all flown away, and the weather is beginning to grow for those who are trapped.

(1) Immediate scene: the scene in front of you. Here is a poem based on the scenery in front of you. (2) Seasonal birds: migratory birds such as swallows. [Translation] Bamboos swayed in the breeze, elegant shadows shrouded the quiet windows, and pairs of migratory birds flew in the sunset, making endless noises. The begonia flowers have withered, and all the catkins have fallen. The sleepy days of early summer have arrived, and the days are getting longer.

In spring, (Sister said, "Lang,") I send you new things every morning and evening, just to get a good husband, and pick all the gold from the loquat tree.

Note on Dai Min’s early summer visit to Zhang Garden in the Song Dynasty. The water in the duck pond was shallow and deep, and the weather was half cloudy with ripe plums. The east wind carries wine and the western garden is drunk, and all the loquat trees are picked with gold. ( My sister said,) My bamboo bed is covered with a Xiang pattern quilt, and the well is made from the south, so it feels cold.

Translation: Huang Valley: Looking around, you can see the light of the mountains and the light of the water. ?The breeze and the bright moon are left unattended, ?and it is always cool when it comes from the south. 1. E (è) Prefecture: in the area of ??Wuhan and Huangshi in present-day Hubei Province. South Tower: on the top of Sheshan Mountain in Wuchang. ?2. Look around: Look around. Mountain light, water light: mountain color, water color. ?3. Lean on the railing: lean on the railing. Shili: Describes the vastness of the water. 芰(jì): water chestnut. ?4. Merge: merge together. Yiyiliang: a sense of coolness.

Standing on the south building and leaning on the railing, looking around, I saw the color of the mountains and the water connected together. Water chestnuts and lotus flowers were in full bloom on the vast water, and bursts of fragrance wafted from it. The breeze and the bright moon are free and unsupervised, and the moonlight blends into the breeze blowing from the south, making people feel cool and comfortable. ?This poem describes the scene of climbing up a building on a summer night and looking out. The "bright moon" plays an important role in the poem: because of the bright moon, we can see the indistinguishable scenery of mountains and rivers in the hazy sky, and we know that the fragrance of flowers we smell is the fragrance of ten-mile lotus. What's particularly wonderful is the last two sentences of the poem. Originally, only the breeze brought refreshment, but because the bright moonlight was so lovely, it was so soft and quiet, the poet felt that the breeze carried the moonlight, and the moonlight was like a breeze, and they merged together to bring it. Cool and comfortable.