Development history
In China, the history of sesame oil is very long. As early as the Three Kingdoms, there have been written records, "The History of the Three Kingdoms? Wei Zhi: "Sun Quan went to Hefei New Town, and the cage was full of relaxation ... and it was broken into torches and filled with sesame oil ..." As the lighting fuel, sesame oil at that time was made by squeezing sesame seeds with stone mortar method or wood pressing method. Zhang Hua, a Jin native, recorded in the Natural History that "frying sesame oil makes the water smoke-free, but it is still cold when it is no longer boiling". As well as the method of making fermented soybean with sesame oil, the content of "... steaming with sesame oil, and stopping after three episodes of violence" is the earliest record of sesame oil culture. It has been over 1600 years. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, sesame oil was widely used in catering. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, sesame oil was regarded as the best edible vegetable oil and was more widely used.
Xiaomo sesame oil is now mainly in Zhumadian, Henan Province.
The production of small mill oil in Zhumadian area was recorded as early as the Ming Dynasty. By the early Qing Dynasty, the small mill sesame oil in Zhumadian had become a palace offering, and the production of small mill sesame oil had become large-scale. In nine cases out of ten, farmers knew how to mill oil. In Tianzhongcun Village, there was an oil mill, and every family was an "oiler", and the streets were jingling and there were "oil sellers" everywhere, gradually forming a sesame oil food culture.
Zhang Dawei, the inheritor of ancient sesame oil, was born in Shangcai's oil-grinding family. There is still a plate of ancient stone mill handed down, with a diameter of 1.65 meters and a weight of more than 900 kilograms. Small ground sesame oil also has its unique health care effect. In Compendium of Materia Medica, sesame is introduced as "benefiting qi, growing muscles, filling brain marrow, keeping fit for a long time, strengthening bones and muscles, keeping eyes and ears clear, resisting hunger and thirst, and prolonging life". Make "white hair turn black" and "get rid of all chronic diseases ..."
According to nutritionists' scientific analysis, sesame is rich in nutrients needed by human body, which can really delay people's aging and beauty. Eating sesame oil has remarkable effects on protecting blood vessels, relaxing bowels, relieving cough and tobacco and alcohol poisoning, protecting voice and treating rhinitis.
According to historical records, in the spring of the tenth year of Yongzheng (1732), Tao Zhengzhong, the governor of the grain road, and his entourage officials came to Runan House (known as Tianzhong in ancient times) to inspect the people's feelings. When they came to Zhumadian, a group of people were walking in the street when they suddenly smelled a strong fragrance. They asked the accompanying officials and replied: There is a small sesame oil mill here, and this fragrance came from this mill. Lord Tao was very happy to go. After about a hundred steps, he saw a rainbow flying not far away, with the words "Dou Da" on it: Oil Workshop in the Sky. When I came to the oil mill, I saw the smoke curling up from the kitchen, the sesame seeds in the cauldron steaming, and the sesame oil in the other cauldron was bright and fragrant. I said to the officials with great joy and excitement, This is an excellent offering. Immediately sealed the ten altars and sent them to Beijing in person. Yongzheng tasted the dishes he made, and immediately ordered the officials of Runan government to expand sesame planting and vigorously promote the processing of small ground sesame oil. All the oil produced by the oil mill was graded by the old man Zhang, the first class was tribute, the second class was handed over to the government, and the rest was freely sold. At this point, Zhumadian Xiaomo sesame oil, which has been circulating for hundreds of years, was known to outsiders.
Some nutritionists believe that small ground sesame oil should be one of the best table flavors for middle-aged and elderly people.
First of all, the rich aroma of sesame oil can not only stimulate the appetite of middle-aged and elderly people whose digestive function has been weakened, but also facilitate the absorption of nutrients. The digestion and absorption rate of sesame oil itself is also high, reaching 98%. Sesame oil contains a lot of oil, and has a good laxative effect, which has a certain preventive effect and curative effect on constipation.
Secondly, sesame oil has a good effect on softening blood vessels and maintaining blood vessel elasticity. Its rich vitamin E is conducive to maintaining the integrity and normal function of cell membranes and reducing the accumulation of lipids in the body.
Thirdly, lecithin in sesame oil not only moistens the skin, but also can remove spots, especially senile spots.
Finally, the long-term use of sesame oil by middle-aged and elderly people can also prevent hair loss and premature gray hair; Especially black sesame oil. For middle-aged people with atrophied gums, especially those who have smoking and drinking habits, long-term use of sesame oil can protect gums and mouth.
Edit related enterprises in this paragraph
Now, Mr. Zhang Dawei, the descendant of the old man Zhang, has been adhering to the ancestral motto "Honest management, people-oriented", and a small oil mill has gradually developed into a production base that covers an area of more than 30 mu and meets the requirements of international standards-Zhumadian Guwei Xiaomao Sesame Oil Development Co., Ltd., and attracted an American investment company to invest 5 million yuan. At present, the company's products are indirectly exported to Russia, South Korea, Japan, Lithuania and other countries.
When you walk into the office hall of the company, what you see is an ancient stone mill handed down from the late Qing Dynasty. The diameter of this stone mill is 1.66 meters and it weighs more than 1,800 kilograms. It can be said that the ancient stone mill is a thousand years old in the sky, and the centuries-old ancient square has passed on the ancient flavor.
Edit the main process of this section
According to the process of a well-known domestic brand of small sesame oil grinding, it is summarized as follows:
Small ground sesame oil is produced by "water substitution method"
Classic Process 1: Cultivation of Sesame Embryos
Xiaomao sesame oil is rich in nutrition. The key is to cultivate sesame seeds into sesame embryos before feeding raw materials, so as to promote the production of sesamol, sesamin, sesamolin and other nutrients beneficial to human body. Through scientific research, this technology is highly consistent with modern life science. This is not available in other processes.
Classic craft 2: stone mill grinding
The grinding process of stone mill is low temperature and low pressure, and the process temperature is only 60-65℃, so it will not destroy the aromatic substances and functional nutrients in sesame oil.
Classic process 3: oil extraction by water substitution
High-quality drinking water is used to easily separate the oil embryo, and no chemical solvent is needed in the oil extraction process, so there is no chemical solvent residue. At the same time, the heavy metals harmful to human body are precipitated from sesame oil because of its heavy proportion, so the sesame oil prepared by this method is completely healthy.
Classic process 4: patented physical purification technology
Xiaomao sesame oil adopts patented physical filtration technology, using natural plant fiber as medium, and after two-stage electronic constant temperature natural precipitation and 36-layer physical filtration, impurities and foreign bodies in sesame oil are filtered out. After purification, Xiaomao sesame oil has a crystal clear appearance, and its color, fragrance and taste are timeless.
Edit the main function of this paragraph
Sesame oil is a condiment in daily life, and many people love it. At the same time, sesame oil has many little-known special effects.
prevent premature senility
Sesame oil is rich in vitamin E, which can promote cell separation and delay aging.
Protect blood vessels
Sesame oil contains about 40% unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and palmitic acid, which is easily absorbed and utilized by people to promote cholesterol metabolism and help to eliminate deposits on arterial walls.
relaxing bowel
Patients with habitual constipation, drinking a mouthful of sesame oil on an empty stomach in the morning and evening, can moisten the intestines and relax the bowels.
Relieve cough
People who have smoking habits and alcoholics often drink sesame oil, which can reduce the direct stimulation and damage of smoke to teeth, gums and oral mucosa, as well as the formation of lung smoke spots. At the same time, it also has a simulated effect on the absorption of nicotine. Drinking sesame oil before drinking has a certain protective effect on the mouth, esophagus, stomach upset and gastric mucosa.
Protect your voice
Drinking sesame oil often can enhance the elasticity of vocal cords, make the glottis open and close flexibly and effectively, and have a good recovery effect on hoarseness and chronic pharyngitis.
Treat rhinitis
For patients with chronic rhinitis, a sterilized cotton ball dipped in sesame oil was applied to the affected part of the nasal cavity, which was effective once and completely removed twice.
Recently, some citizens have reported that sesame oil is not fragrant, and they will feel dizzy after smelling it for a long time, and they suspect that sesame oil is fake. After the interview, the reporter found that the price of sesame in the wholesale market is 4.4 yuan per catty, and it takes 2.5 to 3 kilograms of sesame to make 1 catty of sesame oil. The raw material cost of 1 catty of sesame oil is above 10 yuan. In the bazaar, the lowest price sesame oil only sells 6 yuan money. The reporter's in-depth interview revealed the true face of 6 yuan sesame oil.
Low-priced sesame oil flooded the market.
1 on 28th, the reporter went to the Antarctic condiment wholesale market in Daowai District. At the first shop, the reporter asked about the price of sesame oil, and the shop told the reporter "10 yuan 1 kg." At the second establishment, the reporter said that he was a purchasing staff of the hotel and wanted to buy sesame oil in bulk. The establishment directly told the reporter, "7 yuan 1 kg". When the reporter wanted to leave, the establishment grabbed the reporter and said that if he wanted more, he would have to go to 6 yuan. When the reporter asked about the quality, she told the reporter that it was for the hotel and not for you.
In many markets, such as Jingyang Farmers' Market outside Daowai, the reporter found that the prices of sesame oil are mostly like this: asking price 10 yuan 1 kg, bargaining price to 7 yuan. If it is a big customer, the lowest price is in 6 yuan.
Small and medium-sized restaurants don't use pure sesame oil.
The reporter came to Wanggang comprehensive farmers' market. In this market, the reporter found an operator who sold small ground sesame oil, and the price offered by the operator to the reporter was 10 yuan 1 kg. When the reporter asked for a cheaper price, the business owner said that this price is already the wholesale price. The reporter said that the market price in the urban area is cheaper than this wholesale market, and the business owner revealed the secret to the reporter, and the cheap sesame oil was made. According to the business owner, the price per catty is lower than 10 yuan, which is made of salad oil, sesame oil essence and black oil. According to the business owner, in the past, pure sesame oil was only around 7 yuan. Because sesame was not expensive and profitable, there were not many fakes. Now that sesame prices have gone up, oil prices have also gone up, and some small oil mills have begun to make fakes. He said that there are still some big hotels that continue to use his pure sesame oil, and small and medium-sized hotels use the blended sesame oil to reduce costs. So where can I buy sesame oil essence? A person familiar with the matter said: "Chengde Street and Caoshi Street in Daowai District sell sesame oil essence, and chemical stores can also buy it."
Sesame essence can be easily purchased.
The reporter found traces of sesame oil essence in several additive stores in Chengde Street, Daowai District. In an additive store in Chengde Street, the reporter asked if there was any essence specially made for sesame oil. The boss gave the reporter a glass bottle marked "Small ground sesame oil flavor". The boss told reporters that this kind of essence is better, one bottle of 58 yuan. When the reporter asked what proportion of sesame oil to use, he said, "The ratio of1000:1,plus some colored' black oil' will do." The reporter asked what oil to use for modulation. The boss said impatiently, "You can use whatever oil you want. Anyway, it's all ground sesame oil."
In another store, the salesgirl told the reporter that the sesame oil essence there is out of stock now, but it can be purchased immediately, and the price ranges from 20 yuan to 68 yuan. When the reporter asked whether the cheap sesame oil essence had a good seasoning effect, he said: "The cheap flavor is not good." When the reporter asked if it would make people have problems, the salesgirl said that sesame oil essence is edible, and it's okay if you pour a whole bottle into your mouth. It depends on what oil you use to make it. If you want to use poor oil cheaply.
Blending sesame oil is profitable
According to the introduction of the operators who operate the small ground sesame oil in the grain and oil market, the small ground sesame oil bought by 7 yuan Money 1 kg does not contain sesame seeds at all. General salad oil is about 4 yuan per catty, sesame oil essence is about 40 yuan per bottle, and black oil is about 4 yuan per catty. The cost of blended sesame oil is more than 4 yuan per catty. If it is sold in 5 yuan per catty, the profit per catty will reach 1 yuan. If inferior salad oil is used, the cost will be lower. The production of fake sesame oil is profiteering, which is also the root cause of the flood of fake sesame oil. According to insiders, it is very easy to blend fake sesame oil. Most fake sesame oil makers even blend it directly in their own homes and then sell it on the market. Driven by huge profits, many fake sesame oil workshops have also emerged.
Grinding sesame seeds in the workshop as a cover
1 At 2 o'clock in the afternoon on the 29th, the reporter went to a small sesame oil processing workshop named "Sesame Oil Workshop" in nangang district Yixing Comprehensive Market. There are many bottles of sesame oil without any trademark on the ground in front of the workshop. The reporter found a stone mill in the shop. The raw material on the top of the mill is really sesame, but this machine is not pressing oil, but grinding sesame paste. The oil press on the side seems to have not started for a long time and is full of dust.
I heard that the reporter was the owner of a hot pot restaurant. After the female shopkeeper pulled the reporter to the pavement, the reporter saw that there were some black iron drums and plastic drums piled up everywhere. She conveniently opened an iron drum and said that all these were sent to the hot pot restaurant, with the minimum 8 yuan money per catty. If you pay in cash, it will be cheaper. The reporter asked her, this oil will not eat bad people, right? She hesitated and said, don't worry, although the taste is not pure and good, it will never eat bad people. The machine for grinding sesame paste is just a pose.
The blended sesame oil is sold at the price of pure sesame oil, and the quality is not guaranteed, which not only makes huge profits, but also may have quality problems. The relevant departments should control these counterfeiters.