1, what is a chocolate cyst?
Chocolate cyst of ovary is a pathological change of endometriosis. Under normal circumstances, the endometrium grows in the uterine cavity and falls off once a month under the action of female hormones in the body to form menstruation. If the fragments of endometrium that fall off during menstrual period enter the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tube with menstrual blood countercurrent and are planted on the ovarian surface or other parts of the pelvic cavity to form ectopic cysts, such ectopic endometrium is also affected by sex hormones and repeatedly falls off and bleeds with menstrual cycle. For example, the lesion occurs on the ovary, and local bleeding will occur every menstrual period, which will enlarge the ovary and form a cyst containing old hematocele. This old blood is brown, thick as paste, like chocolate, so it is also called "chocolate". This kind of cyst can be gradually enlarged, sometimes it will rupture during or after menstruation, but rarely it will become malignant. It is a pathological change of endometriosis. Under normal circumstances, the endometrium grows in the uterine cavity and falls off once a month under the action of female hormones in the body to form menstruation. If the fragments of endometrium that fall off during menstrual period enter the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tube with menstrual blood countercurrent and are planted on the ovarian surface or other parts of the pelvic cavity to form ectopic cysts, such ectopic endometrium is also affected by sex hormones and repeatedly falls off and bleeds with menstrual cycle. For example, the lesion occurs on the ovary, and local bleeding will occur every menstrual period, which will enlarge the ovary and form a cyst containing old hematocele. This old blood is brown, thick as paste, like chocolate, so it is also called "chocolate". This kind of cyst can be gradually enlarged, sometimes it will rupture during or after menstruation, but rarely it will become malignant.
2.is it endometriosis?
Ovary plays a very important role in a woman's life. From adolescence to premenopausal, the ovary undergoes periodic changes in shape and function. In the process of sexual maturity, the ovary often repeats this periodic change in addition to pregnancy and lactation. However, in a woman's life, only 400 to 500 eggs can complete a complete cycle at most. When the ovaries stop secreting eggs, women enter menopause, which is what people call menopause. Ovary is divided into cortex and medulla. There are 300,000 ~ 700,000 primordial follicles scattered in the cortex, which are formed by cell division of fetal oocytes. Only 400~500 follicles mature in a person's life, and the rest degenerate and disappear after they develop to a certain extent.
At present, there is no way for medicine to make the ovary secrete eggs for a longer time, that is, to prolong reproductive function. Synthetic hormones can only be used instead of ovaries to secrete female hormones to maintain women's endocrine function. Because of this, it is precious for women to have a healthy ovary. And if you want to have all this, you must first protect your ovaries from harm.
When it comes to gynecological acute abdomen, people always think of ectopic pregnancy first. In fact, in recent years, the incidence of ovarian chocolate cyst rupture is also increasing. Although the reason is not clear at present, most scholars believe that it is inseparable from the increasing incidence of endometriosis year by year.
Chocolate cysts growing in ovaries usually have bad and fragile walls and tend to rupture spontaneously. After the cyst is ruptured, the small breach can heal itself quickly and form adhesion with the surrounding tissues; If the laceration is large and cannot heal itself, its viscous chocolate-like liquid can flow into the abdominal cavity. This chocolate-like liquid is extremely irritating, which can stimulate the surrounding peritoneum and cause severe abdominal pain. If not treated in time, it may also lead to diffuse peritonitis with fatal consequences.
3. Daily precautions of patients
1. Sexual life must be stopped during menstruation.
2. Keep warm to avoid catching a cold.
3. All strenuous exercise and heavy physical labor are prohibited during menstruation.
4. Adjust your emotions at any time, keep an optimistic and cheerful attitude, make the immune system work normally, and avoid endocrine disorders caused by bad emotions.
5. Patients with ovarian chocolate cyst larger than 7 cm must pay attention to maintaining emotional stability during menstruation or in the middle of menstruation to avoid overwork. Once the tension in the capsule cavity suddenly rises, the capsule wall will rupture, forming acute abdomen.
6. Regular B-ultrasound reexamination, timely detection of cyst recurrence, medication when young.