First, it refers to the small yellow-white or translucent blisters on the skin surface, which often appear in sheets and contain liquid. Smallpox \ chickenpox, etc. Have this symptom;
The second refers to a skin disease. The pathogen is virus, which mostly occurs on the upper lip or face. The symptoms are local itching first, then blisters with transparent liquid and slight pain. After a week or two, it will scab and heal itself.
Herpes is divided into genital herpes, herpes simplex and herpes zoster.
Edit this passage about genital herpes:
I. Overview
Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease. The pathogen is herpes simplex virus, 90% cases are caused by HSV-2, and 10% cases are caused by HSV- 1 In Europe and America, the incidence of genital herpes is second only to gonorrhea and nongonococcal urethritis, and it is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. In China, the incidence of genital herpes is on the rise in recent years. Because the symptoms of patients are not obvious, they don't often go to the hospital, so the actual number of patients is much higher than the statistics. Once infected, genital herpes will recur. In women, genital herpes virus infection has been proved to be related to the occurrence of cervical cancer.
Second, the diagnosis points
(1) Clinical features
Among the patients infected with genital herpes for the first time, 80% ~ 90% are recessive infection, that is, there are no clinical symptoms, and only a few are dominant infection. Generally, after the initial infection is recovered, most of them turn into latent infection.
1. The incubation period of primary genital herpes is 2 ~ 7 days. The primary lesion is a small, itchy red papule above 1, which quickly becomes a small blister. Pustules can be formed after 3 ~ 5 days, and erosion, ulcer, scab and pain can be formed after rupture. The lesions were single or fused. Men are prone to occur in glans penis, coronary sulcus, penis or urethral orifice, while women are prone to rash in labia, perianal region or vagina. About 90% of them invade the cervix at the same time, and can also involve the rectal mucosa. It is often accompanied by fever, headache, fatigue, myalgia, swollen inguinal lymph nodes and tenderness. Symptoms last 1 ~ 2 weeks, and skin lesions usually scab and heal in 3 ~ 4 weeks.
2. Recurrent genital herpes usually recurs within 1 ~ 4 months after the first infection. The clinical manifestations of recurrent genital herpes are similar to those of primary herpes, but the symptoms are mild, the rash range is small and the course of disease is short. It usually heals itself in a few days. 0 ~ 2 days before the recurrence of 65438+, prodromal symptoms such as itching or burning sensation often appear locally. Most of the patients with recurrent genital herpes seen in clinic are men, and female patients often don't come to see a doctor because their symptoms are not obvious. Recurrence is related to fever, menstruation, sun exposure, colds and some viral infections.
3. Anorectal herpes virus infection occurred in gay men. The patient has anorectal pain, many anal secretions and a heavy feeling after defecation.
4. Primary genital herpes in pregnant women and newborns infected with HSV usually leads to abortion, premature delivery, fetal malformation and even stillbirth. 50% neonatal infection occurs in the delivery of pregnant women with primary infection, which can lead to high fever, herpes, hepatosplenomegaly, encephalitis and even sepsis, and even lead to death in severe cases. When pregnant women relapse, the probability of neonatal infection is only 5%.
(2) Histopathological blisters of epidermis are caused by balloon degeneration and reticular degeneration of cells, and acantholysis cells and multinucleated epithelial giant cells can be seen in the blisters. Dermal papilla edema, extravascular red blood cells can be seen, and there are different degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration, neutrophils and lymphocytes in the dermis.
(3) Laboratory examination of typical cases generally does not need laboratory examination, and virus isolation can be done when conditions permit. Virus inclusions can be detected by immunofluorescence, virus particles can be detected by electron microscope, virus antigens can be detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or radioimmunoassay, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus types can be detected by nucleic acid hybridization.
Third, treat genital herpes.
At present, there is no special treatment, nor can it prevent recurrence. The main purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms, relieve pain, shorten the course of disease and prevent secondary infection.
(a) the general treatment is mainly to keep the local clean, dry and blister wall intact. Can be washed with isotonic saline, 2 ~ 3 times a day, and sucked dry. When combined with bacterial infection, use sensitive antibiotics. Local analgesia can be done with 5% lidocaine hydrochloride ointment or oral painkillers. Another key point is to give spiritual comfort and explain the treatment and treatment of recurrence to avoid mental fear. Women with recurrent genital herpes need gynecological examination, including regular cervical smear examination, to rule out early cervical cancer.
(2) Antiviral drug therapy
ACV is an open-chain purine nucleoside, which can inhibit the synthesis of viral deoxyribonucleic acid, but has little effect on the DNA synthesis of host cells. It is considered to be the most effective anti-HSV drug at present. In severe cases, it can be injected intravenously at a dose of 5mg per kilogram of body weight, every 8 hours 1 time, * * * 5 ~ 7 days. Generally, patients can take orally 200mg each time, 5 times a day, or 800mg each time, 2 times a day, for 5-7 days. Can quickly reduce the virus, relieve symptoms and shorten the healing time. External use of 3% ~ 5% ACV ointment can also relieve symptoms and shorten the course of disease. This medicine has no obvious side effects.
For patients with frequent recurrence, preventive medication can be taken. The method is to take 200mg each time, three times a day for 6 ~ 12 months, and some patients can completely inhibit the recurrence. In recent years, newly developed acyclovir analogues, such as valaciclovir, famidovir, penciclovir, etc., have the advantages of definite curative effect, high bioavailability, small dosage, long half-life and few times of taking drugs, and have been reported to be used to treat genital herpes.
2. Triazole nucleoside is an analogue of guanine nucleoside, which has the effect of resisting DNA and RNA viruses. *** 10 taking 800mg daily can relieve pain and shorten the course of disease.
3. Phthalein Ding An liniment can obviously inhibit the replication of herpes virus, and has good curative effect on primary herpes.
(3) Vaccines and immunosuppressants For patients with severe and recurrent primary genital herpes, we can try non-specific vaccines such as BCG and polio vaccine to improve the body's non-specific immunity, but the effect is not reliable, so patients with immunosuppression and immunodeficiency should use it with caution.
(4) Immunoenhancers Immunoenhancers can be used in patients with recurrent genital herpes to improve the immune regulation function of the body. For example, levamisole, 50mg each time, three times a day. Stop taking the medicine 1 1 day after three days of continuous medication, that is, take the medicine for three days every two weeks. You can also apply levamisole coating solution to the flexion side of forearm, 1 time, 1 time every day for 3 days. Take the medicine for 3 days a week.
(5) Treatment of genital herpes with pure Chinese medicine: Since 2004, Peng Kang has relieved the pain of more than 5,300 patients with herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes. In 2005, it won the certificate of "National Quality Conformity Assessment Trustworthy Good Product"!
Peng Kang, a special product for herpes, specializes in treating herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes. "Peng Kang" is a prescription specially designed for herpes virus research under the technical guidance of many famous dermatologists in China. This product is made of high quality raw materials. After many successful scientific studies, it is a skin external product produced in a specific scientific and technological environment, with quick effect and no recurrence. This is a very rare product for treating herpes.
"Peng Kang" contains anti-inflammatory, anti-virus and high permeability components. It can ensure that the product can reach the focus safely and effectively, remove the cause, and quickly relieve pain, itching and symptoms. Short-term use can form a skin protective film, which is beneficial to the repair of skin lesions. It has a good inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria causing herpes zoster, herpes simplex, chickenpox and genital herpes.
"Youpengkang"-a good partner of Youpengkangkang. The combination of these two drugs is used to treat herpes virus.
"Commitment to treat herpes virus with Pempkang+Youmpkang"-3 minutes to relieve pain, 24 hours.
Continue to resist virus, and eliminate herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes in 2 weeks.
Four. prevent
Avoid sexual contact with patients with genital herpes during the attack. Patients with recurrent genital herpes should use condoms when having sex. Women with genital herpes in early pregnancy had better terminate pregnancy, and those infected with HSV in late pregnancy should have caesarean section. Oral acyclovir has partial or complete protective effect on patients with precursory recurrence.
Nursing and diet of genital herpes
The nursing of genital herpes should first prevent its infection, especially in summer, when the temperature is high and you sweat a lot, local scratching can easily cause local infection. It is necessary to wash the genital parts with clean water every day. When local infection occurs, it is necessary to wash the local area with disinfectant in time. Wash the affected area with 200ml of 3% boric acid water, or grind Berberine 1 tablet into 200ml of boiling water, and clean the affected area after cooling.
Secondly, avoid local scratching and don't use drugs that are too irritating. Pay attention to prevent colds, colds and fatigue after illness and reduce recurrence. Sexual intercourse is forbidden during treatment.
What dietary taboos do patients with genital herpes have?
For patients with genital herpes, the necessary taboo is a necessary condition to prevent recurrence. Eating spicy hair as usual, smoking and drinking are not good for recovery, especially drinking will promote the recurrence of the disease and aggravate the symptoms, so don't drink after illness. Eating more foods rich in vitamins and protein is helpful to the recovery of diseases, such as fresh vegetables, fruits, milk and eggs.
What dietotherapy folk prescription is helpful for the recovery of genital herpes?
(1) Coix seed porridge (Compendium of Materia Medica)
Composition coix seed 60g
Usage: add appropriate amount of water, cook porridge and add appropriate amount of sugar to eat, once a day/kloc-0.
Indications: It is used in the remission stage of pudendal herpes, and has the effects of strengthening the spleen, promoting diuresis, clearing away heat and toxic materials, and can reduce the recurrence after long-term application.
(2) Bitter gourd beverage (Fujian Chinese herbal medicine)
Fresh balsam pear has the right ingredients.
Usage: wring out 1 cup of juice and take it with boiling water.
It shows that the beverage has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials and promoting diuresis, and can be used to treat pudendal herpes according to TCM syndrome differentiation.
Edit this paragraph of herpes simplex:
abstract
Herpes simplex is a viral skin disease caused by herpes simplex virus. Chinese medicine is called heat sore.
diagnose
According to the cluster blisters at the junction of skin and mucosa, the symptoms are mild and the skin lesions have a burning sensation locally. The course of disease is short, recurrent attacks, fever or gastrointestinal dysfunction can be diagnosed.
Treatment measures
1. The whole body treatment of this disease is self-limited, and it can heal itself in about 2 weeks. Generally, symptomatic treatment is given without special treatment. In addition to supportive therapy, acyclovir can also be taken orally, 200mg each time, 5 times a day for 5 ~ 7 days. It can also be injected intravenously, 5mg/kg body weight each time, every 8 hours 1 time, * * 5 days (the concentration is 1 ~ 6 mg/ml, 1 hour to complete the injection). Levamisole, 50 mg each time, 3 times a day, 3 days a week. A course of treatment is 2mg qd iM 10 days for multiple myocytes. It can relieve symptoms and inhibit the spread of the virus, but it can't control the recurrence.
2. The principle of local treatment is dryness, convergence and prevention of infection. Topical 1% zinc chloride oil, Lithospermum oil, etc.
etiology
This disease is caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) with DNA virus. There are two types of human herpes simplex virus, namely herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) and herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-II). Type I mainly causes infections of skin, mucous membrane (oral mucosa) and organs (brain) other than genitalia. Type ⅱ mainly causes skin and mucous membrane infection in genital area. These two types can be identified by fluorescence immunoassay and cell culture.
Humans are the only natural reservoir of herpes simplex virus. The virus enters the body through respiratory tract, oral cavity, genital mucosa and damaged skin, and potentially resides in normal mucosa, blood, saliva and sensory ganglion cells of human body. Most primary infections are recessive, most of them have no clinical symptoms or subclinical manifestations, and only a few can have clinical symptoms. After the initial infection, the virus can lurk in the body for a long time. More than 50% of the normal population are carriers of this virus. Herpes simplex virus will not produce permanent immunity in human body. Whenever the body's resistance drops, such as fever, gastrointestinal dysfunction, menstruation, pregnancy, focal infection and emotional changes, latent HSV in the body is activated to get sick.
Studies have proved that patients with recurrent herpes simplex may have cellular immune deficiency. It is generally believed that HSV-Ⅱ is related to the occurrence of cervical cancer.
Principles of treatment
Treatment of genital herpes with pure Chinese medicine: Since 2004, Peng Kang has relieved the pain of more than 5,300 patients with herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes. In 2005, it won the certificate of "National Quality Conformity Assessment Trustworthy Good Product"!
Peng Kang, a special product for herpes, specializes in treating herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes. "Peng Kang" is a prescription specially designed for herpes virus research under the technical guidance of many famous dermatologists in China. This product is made of high quality raw materials. After many successful scientific studies, it is a skin external product produced in a specific scientific and technological environment, with quick effect and no recurrence. This is a very rare product for treating herpes.
"Peng Kang" contains anti-inflammatory, anti-virus and high permeability components. It can ensure that the product can reach the focus safely and effectively, remove the cause, and quickly relieve pain, itching and symptoms. Short-term use can form a skin protective film, which is beneficial to the repair of skin lesions. It has a good inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria causing herpes zoster, herpes simplex, chickenpox and genital herpes.
"Youpengkang"-a good partner of Youpengkangkang. The combination of these two drugs is used to treat herpes virus.
"Commitment to treat herpes virus with Pempkang+Youmpkang"-3 minutes to relieve pain, 24 hours.
Continue to resist virus, and eliminate herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes in 2 weeks.
Edit this paragraph of herpes zoster:
[Overview]
Herpes zoster is an acute inflammatory skin disease caused by varicella zoster virus, which is called "waist-wrapped fire dragon" and "waist-wrapped fire pill" in traditional Chinese medicine, commonly known as "spider sore". Its main feature is cluster blisters, which are distributed in a cluster belt along one side of peripheral nerves, accompanied by obvious neuralgia. Chickenpox is the first infection, and then the virus can lurk in the dorsal root ganglion of the spinal cord for a long time. The weakened immune function can induce varicella-zoster virus to move, grow and reproduce again, and spread to the skin along peripheral nerves, resulting in herpes zoster. Patients with herpes zoster can generally obtain lifelong immunity to the virus.
[etiology]
It is caused by herpes zoster virus. Children who are immune to this virus will develop chickenpox after being infected. Some patients are infected with this virus, but there are no symptoms. Because the virus is neuropathic, it can lurk in the neurons of the posterior root ganglion of spinal nerve for a long time after infection. When the body's resistance drops, the virus will multiply and stimulate herpes zoster.
[Clinical manifestations]
Most of them are middle-aged and elderly people. Long-term use of corticosteroids or immunosuppressants is more common.
The course of the disease is usually about half a month.
The prone area is the skin area dominated by intercostal nerve and trigeminal nerve.
The rash is characterized by the appearance of clusters of papules and blisters on the basis of flushing, ranging in size from millet to mung bean, with clear blister fluid, and severe cases can be bloody or necrotic ulcers. The unilateral distribution of rash is banded, which is the characteristic of the disease.
Self-conscious symptoms, self-conscious pain, severe unbearable. Pain can appear before the rash appears, showing hypersensitivity and pain induced by light touch. The pain usually lasts until the rash completely subsides, sometimes for months.
The rash begins with redness of the skin, and then a cluster of papules the size of mung beans. 1-2 days later, it quickly evolved into a blister, and the blister developed in a band along the proximal end of the nerve. After a few days, the blister wall is relaxed and the blister fluid is turbid, and then it is gradually absorbed and dried up. After healing, temporary erythema or pigmentation will be left.
[diagnosis]
Blisters are clustered and distributed in strips along one side of the peripheral nerve.
In obvious neuralgia, it is accompanied by local lymphadenopathy.
The middle skin is normal.
Rarely recurs.
[therapy]
The principle is to relieve pain and diminish inflammation. Protect the local area and prevent infection.
Analgesia, cetrimine, vitamin E300 mg/day
Antivirus, acyclovir, 0.2/ time, 3/ day.
Local: 1-2% gentian ultraviolet coating.
The prognosis is self-limited, and pigmentation can be left after healing, generally leaving no scars. Will leave neuralgia.
Traditional Chinese Medicine for Herpes Zoster: Pure Chinese Medicine for Genital Herpes: Since 2004, Peng Kang has relieved more than 5,300 patients with herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes. In 2005, it won the certificate of "National Quality Conformity Assessment Trustworthy Good Product"!
Peng Kang, a special product for herpes, specializes in treating herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes. "Peng Kang" is a prescription specially designed for herpes virus research under the technical guidance of many famous dermatologists in China. This product is made of high quality raw materials. After many successful scientific studies, it is a skin external product produced in a specific scientific and technological environment, with quick effect and no recurrence. This is a very rare product for treating herpes.
"Peng Kang" contains anti-inflammatory, anti-virus and high permeability components. It can ensure that the product can reach the focus safely and effectively, remove the cause, and quickly relieve pain, itching and symptoms. Short-term use can form a skin protective film, which is beneficial to the repair of skin lesions. It has a good inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria causing herpes zoster, herpes simplex, chickenpox and genital herpes.
"Youpengkang"-a good partner of Youpengkangkang. The combination of these two drugs is used to treat herpes virus.
"Commitment to treat herpes virus with Pempkang+Youmpkang"-3 minutes to relieve pain, 24 hours.
Continue to resist virus, and eliminate herpes zoster, herpes simplex and genital herpes in 2 weeks.
Seven, herpes zoster occurred in several special parts.
(1) Blisters appear on the forehead and scalp of herpes zoster in the area dominated by the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve, which can cause obvious swelling around the eyes, and blisters appear on conjunctiva and even cornea, which can lead to ulcerative keratitis, affect vision after healing, and even cause blindness in severe cases. The pain is severe (Figure 2).
(2) Herpes zoster is characterized by facial paralysis, tinnitus and deafness caused by virus invading facial nerve and auditory nerve, and herpes in external auditory canal and tympanic membrane (Figure 3).
(3) Herpes zoster in gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract
Differential diagnosis of herpes simplex
[Prevention and treatment]
A, nutrient nerve oral or intramuscular injection of antibiotics B, such as B 1, B 12, etc.
Second, anti-virus
Valaciclovir 300 mg, orally, twice a day; Acyclovir 200 mg, orally, 5 times a day; Polymyocyte 2 mg, intramuscular injection, 1 time /2 days; Interferon, 3 million U, intramuscular injection, 1 time/day.
Third, relieve the pain.
Oral painkillers such as painkillers. Ibuprofen (Fenbid) 300 mg, taken orally twice a day.
When necessary, morphine controlled-release tablets (30 mg) were taken orally to block paraspinal ganglion.
Fourth, hormones.
Early oral prednisone can relieve inflammation and pain, and prevent the occurrence of neuralgia after herpes zoster.
996633 1 protocol (prednisone 45mg for 2 days, 30mg for 2 days, 1 5mg for 2 days,15mg per day).
Five, external treatment of early erythema blister, can use external astringent drugs such as calamine lotion;
If there is erosion and necrosis, 0. 1% rivanol solution can be used for wet compress and antibiotic ointment for external use.
Rifampicin film coating has protective and antibacterial effects.
Herpes eye drops and antibiotic eye ointment for external use.
Sixth, physical therapy ultraviolet radiation can promote the absorption of inflammation and shorten the course of disease. Advanced neuralgia can be treated by infrared and audio frequency electrotherapy.
Herpes zoster is an acute skin inflammation caused by varicella-zoster virus. Most of them are adults. Viruses lurk in nerve cells and are usually not pathogenic. When the systemic or local resistance drops, the virus spreads to the corresponding skin area along the corresponding nerve fibers, causing diseases. Skin lesions often extend from the posterior to the upper direction along the distribution area of the first branch of an intercostal nerve or trigeminal nerve on the head and face. It is characterized by skin pain and swelling and pain in nearby lymph nodes. Treatment methods include analgesia, antivirus, anti-inflammation, laser irradiation, and mydriatic agents should be used to treat ocular herpes zoster.
Herpes zoster is caused by varicella zoster virus, which usually lurks in neurons of the spinal cord. When the human body is weak or tired, infected, or suffering from tumors, the virus can grow and reproduce again, and move to the skin along the nerve fibers, causing strong inflammation of the injured nerves and skin. The rash is generally unilateral, distributed according to ganglion segments, and consists of clusters of herpes with pain; The older you get, the more severe your neuralgia becomes.
Treatment is mainly anti-inflammatory and anti-virus. If treated carefully, it can be cured.
prescription
1. Pay attention to rest and take medicine carefully.
2. If you find that your eyes, face or limbs are inactive, you should see a doctor again in time. If you have gastrointestinal or chest discomfort, you should also see a doctor in time.
3. Stay in bed within 2 hours after taking painkillers to avoid accidents due to dizziness.
4. Children who have never had chickenpox may be infected, so it is necessary to isolate patients so as not to infect children.
Herpes zoster is characterized by its distribution along the nerve direction, and the blisters on the skin are in a long string, so it is called "snake pill" in traditional Chinese medicine. Because it often occurs in the chest and back and distributes along the intercostal nerve, it is also called "waist-wrapped dragon" by the people. This virus can lurk in the human body for a long time, and it will get sick when people's resistance drops. Therefore, trauma, surgery, infection and tumor can all induce this disease.
The skin at the lesion site has burning and tingling sensation. After a few days, there will be many blisters, the surrounding skin will be red, and the lesion will be as painful as fire. In severe cases, systemic symptoms such as lymph node enlargement and fever can be seen. Herpes zoster usually occurs on one side of the body and occasionally on both sides at the same time. Usually occurs in the chest, but also along the trigeminal nerve in the face. Occurring on the face, sometimes it will bring troubles to the eyes and affect vision. Generally, it heals itself after 2 ~ 3 weeks. And there are no scars, but a few patients still have neuralgia.
The treatment of herpes zoster is mainly to relieve pain and prevent secondary bacterial infection. External use 1% camphor, 5% sulfur calamine lotion, 0.5% neomycin ointment, powder, and injection of vitamin B 12. If you have problems with your eyes, you can use herpes eye cream. If necessary, transfer factor or gamma globulin can be injected. In addition, it is necessary to find out the diseases that induce banded scar rash and treat them.
herpes zoster
Herpes zoster is an acute herpetic dermatosis. Because it is common between waist and hypochondrium, it spreads in a band, so it is called "waist-wrapped dragon". There are many names in Chinese medicine, such as "waist-wrapped fire pill", "snake pill" and "snake string sore", all of which refer to this disease.
Herpes zoster is common in spring and autumn, especially in adults. Before the onset, local skin often appears hypersensitivity or neuralgia, accompanied by mild fever, general malaise, loss of appetite and other precursor symptoms, or sudden onset without precursor symptoms. Flushing first appeared on the affected area, and then most clustered millet-shaped to mung bean-sized mound herpes appeared on it, which quickly turned into blisters. The blisters were transparent and clear, the blister wall was tense and shiny, and there was redness around the blisters. Groups of blisters are often arranged in strips along cutaneous nerves, and the skin between blisters in each group is normal. After 10 days, the blister dried up and scabbed. There is temporary pale erythema or pigmentation after recovery, leaving no scars. It can also form erosion, even necrosis or secondary suppurative infection due to the rupture of blister membrane. The whole course of the disease is about 2-3 weeks.
In addition to the typical rash, neuralgia is another major feature of this disease. Neuralgia usually occurs 1 ~ 2 days before the rash appears until the rash subsides. The degree of pain varies, regardless of the severity of the rash. Usually, children with herpes zoster have little or no pain, while elderly patients have severe pain, even unbearable pain. Moreover, about 30% ~ 50% of middle-aged and elderly patients can leave intractable neuralgia after the damage subsides, which often lasts for several months or longer.
Because the onset of herpes zoster is more acute and the pain is more severe, new rashes appear constantly at the initial stage of the onset, which is really like a snake crawling, and some patients will feel scared. Moreover, there is a saying among the people that a dragon wrapped around its waist will die, which has no scientific basis. The disease is caused by herpes zoster virus, and the lesions are often distributed unilaterally along a peripheral nerve, generally not exceeding the midline of the body surface and will not form a circle. In addition to common in the waist and abdomen, it can also occur in the chest, limbs, neck, ears, nose, eyes and mouth. Herpes zoster meningoencephalitis and herpes zoster in gastrointestinal tract or urinary tract can occur in a few severe cases.
Herpes zoster and varicella are caused by the same virus (varicella-zoster virus), but their clinical manifestations are different. Why? We know that chickenpox is an infectious disease, so is herpes zoster contagious?
On the surface, the two diseases are not related. Chickenpox is common in children aged 3 ~ 9 years, and there is no neuralgia. Herpes zoster is more common in adults over 40 years old and has severe pain. The rash morphology and distribution characteristics of the two groups are also different. But these are two pathogenic processes caused by the same virus infecting human body. The occurrence of herpes zoster is not caused by viruses in vitro, but by the recurrence of viruses lurking in the body.
The specific process is as follows: after the virus infects the human body for the first time, it proliferates in the body, forms viremia, spreads to the whole body, and causes chickenpox in the human body. After varicella is cured, the virus can continue to lurk in the dorsal root ganglion of spinal cord or sensory ganglion of cranial nerve. In adulthood, due to the decline of immunity and the stimulation of physical and chemical factors, the latent virus is activated, causing inflammation and necrosis of the invaded ganglion and neuralgia. At the same time, the reactivated virus can proliferate along the axon to the dominant skin cells, so a string of herpes zoster appears in the skin area dominated by this ganglion, so it is called herpes zoster.
Here are a few points to note:
Most people get chickenpox in childhood? Herpes zoster virus, but only some of them have the clinical manifestations of chickenpox, and many people are ignored without symptoms or mild symptoms after infection;
② After the initial infection, the human body produces lasting immunity and rarely suffers from chickenpox again, but the specific immunity can't clear the virus lurking in the ganglion, so it can't prevent the occurrence of herpes zoster;
③ The occurrence of herpes zoster is due to decreased immunity, and there are many inducements, such as colds, overwork, some infectious diseases, malignant tumors, AIDS, systemic lupus erythematosus, radiotherapy, burns and the use of certain drugs (such as immunosuppressants, adrenocortical hormones, antimonials, arsenic agents, etc.). It can be seen that a person can suffer from chickenpox or herpes zoster in his life, or only one of them, or be infected with the virus without any symptoms.
Theoretically, there is virus in the blister fluid of patients with herpes zoster. If children who are not immune to this virus are exposed to blister fluid, they will be infected with chickenpox, but this kind of opportunity is relatively rare. Adults are mostly immune, so even if they are exposed, they will not get sick. Therefore, herpes zoster will not cause epidemic in the population. Patients with herpes zoster do not need special isolation, but close contact with children should be avoided.
The treatment principle of western medicine for herpes zoster is antivirus, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, and prevention of secondary infection. Antiviral drugs include cytarabine, acyclovir and interferon. Anti-inflammatory painkillers such as aspirin, vitamin B 1, vitamin B 12, etc. 2% gentian violet solution or compound Sanguisorba zinc oxide oil (Radix Sanguisorbae10g, Radix Arnebiae 5g, Borneolum Syntheticum 2g, and zinc oxide oil added to100g) can be externally applied to the local affected area. If there is secondary infection, neomycin ointment can be used externally.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the cause of this disease is emotional internal injury, and qi stagnation in liver meridian causes fire in liver and gallbladder; Or it is caused by spleen dampness for a long time, damp-heat accumulation and exogenous toxic evil.
(1) Syndrome of excess heat is characterized by skin flushing, tense blister wall, severe pain, bitter taste, dry throat, irritability, yellow urine, dry stool, red tongue, yellow fur and slippery pulse. Treating liver and gallbladder fire is appropriate, and the prescription is Longdan Xiegan Decoction. You can also take Longdan Xiegan Pills.
(2) Dampness syndrome is characterized by reddish skin, loose blister wall, mild pain, anorexia or abdominal distension, thin stool, pale tongue, thick or greasy fur and slow pulse. Treatment should strengthen the spleen and remove dampness. Prescription selection of Chu Shi Ling Wei decoction.
If the local pain persists after the rash subsides, it belongs to qi stagnation and blood stasis. The treatment should be soothing the liver and regulating qi, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain, and Chaihu Shugan Decoction should be selected.
Traditional Chinese medicine for external use can be decocted by clearing away heat and toxic materials, reducing swelling or drying dampness according to the situation. In addition, gold powder can be used for those who have not broken blisters, and Sihuang ointment can be used for external use for those who have broken blisters.
In addition, acupuncture and moxibustion therapy of traditional Chinese medicine has obvious anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and also has curative effect on neuralgia after herpes zoster.
No matter what method, the treatment of herpes zoster should grasp the opportunity, and the earlier the treatment, the better the effect.
There are often some middle-aged and elderly patients who still have pain after herpes zoster is completely removed, and their local skin is intact but they dare not touch it. Why is this?
We know that the occurrence of herpes zoster is caused by the activation of the virus lurking in the body, and its painful constitution is inflammation or even necrosis of pleural ganglion, and the degree and duration of pain are not necessarily consistent with the rash. Especially for the elderly, with the growth of age, various functions of the body are declining, and the damaged nerve tissue is difficult to repair, so it is easy to have posthumous neuralgia. Especially those who are usually in poor health or have not been treated in time, this pain will last for months or even longer.