There are two types of Zhi Zhu ci writers in Lingnan area: one is Lingnan people, and the other is foreign celebrities who have entered Guangdong. In the Tang Dynasty, Huang Fusong wrote six two-sentence Zhi Zhu Ci poems, among which "Betel nut flowers grow fat, and the male flies are female" and "Kapok hangs like litchi, and flowers wait for Lang to return", all of which are unique to the south. This is probably the earliest Zhi Zhu Ci poem in Lingnan area. Since then, Zhi Zhu Ci of Xiashan Temple (now Feilai Temple in Qingyuan) written by Yang Wanli in Southern Song Dynasty, Zhi Zhu Ci of Chaozhou written by Song Zhengbi in Ming Dynasty, Zhi Zhu of Guangzhou written by Wang Shizhen in Qing Dynasty, Zhi Zhu Ci of Lingnan written by Sun Peng Y, Zhi Zhu Ci of Pearl River written by Hang Shijun, Zhuzhi Ci of Nanhai written by Li Diaoyuan and Zhuzhi Ci of Guangzhou written by Li Wenzao, etc. For example, Wang Shizhen's "Koharu Plum Blossoms are Blooming, Zhu Jin's Heart is Urging for the Second Time". Apricots and loquats are all on the market, and there are bayberry in Pan Yu in March. There are many varieties of flowers and fruits in Lingnan in spring. Another example is Sun Peng Y's My Concubine's Xikou is a small pond, and the hut is covered with rattan leaves and oyster powder walls. I remember that banyan trees have the deepest shade, and I have been to eat areca in my spare time. I wrote the custom of burning mussels and painting walls in the south, and I also wrote the unique fruit of betel nut in the south. Another example is Li's "whose heart is hosting a wedding banquet, it must be a banquet". I don't know who will win, and the curtain urges me to write about the marriage in the south. Guangdong people call "bride" "heart hug". "D Song", also known as "Salt Water Song" and "Muyu Song", is a popular folk singing form in Guangzhou dialect area in southern China. Northerners come from the south and have a special liking for this kind of song, so Wang Shizhen also has a saying that "D boats compete to sing Muyu songs". Lingnan is far away from the Central Plains, and its natural environment and living customs are quite different from those of the Central Plains. Therefore, people who enter Guangdong from other provinces will have a sense of freshness once they pass Wuling Mountain, which is reflected in Zhi Zhu's ci, which can well describe the local characteristics of Lingnan. Compared with foreigners entering Guangdong, natives have a deeper understanding of places of interest, mountains, rivers, history and culture, humanities and customs, insects, fish, flowers and birds, animals and plants, weather and climate, myths and legends in Lingnan area, and their Zhi Zhu Ci is richer in content and has historical value. At first, Zhi Zhu Ci in Lingnan was named after the word "Zhi Zhu Ci", such as the works of Wang Zuo in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties and Wu Ruilong in the late Ming Dynasty. Later, in order to highlight the local characteristics, a place name was crowned in front of "Zhi Zhu Ci", which became a Zhi Zhu Ci somewhere. In addition to Lingnan Zhi Zhu Ci, there are Zhi Zhu Ci, Pearl River Zhi Zhu Ci, Nanhai Zhi Zhu Ci, Panyu Zhi Zhu Ci, Yangcheng Zhi Zhu Ci and so on. Later, the types of words became more and more detailed, and there appeared words specially written for one place, one event and one thing, such as (Cai) of Guangzhou Xiguan Eighth Bridge, (Wang) of Yangcheng Tanabata, litchi words of Lingnan Litchi, and Yangcheng Prostitute House. Wang Shizhen said that "bamboo branches are full of praise for local customs". From these bamboo branches, we can really see the customs and living habits of Guangzhou. In Zhi Zhu's Ci of Guangzhou, the common name of Guangzhou appeared. Some of these place names are scenic spots, such as Baiyun Mountain, Litchi Bay, White Swan Pond, Yuewangtai, five floors, Pujian and Shimen. Some are producing areas of flowers, trees and vegetables, such as Pantang, Zhuangtou and Huadi; Some are temples and historical sites, such as Liu Rong Temple, Datong Temple, Jinhua Temple and City God Temple. Some of these places have survived to this day, and some are no longer there. For example, Yuewangtai, Datong Temple and Jinhua Temple no longer exist, only the remains of the old site; Another example is Pantang, which was originally rich in lotus root, arrowhead, horseshoe (water chestnut), water chestnut, water bamboo and other things, and was known as the "five shows of Pantang". Later, due to the continuous expansion of urban construction, the cultivated land area became less and less, and Tang Yang only had its name. The above things have been moved to other places for planting. Flowers, trees, fruits and vegetables in Lingnan often appear in Zhi Zhu's Ci, such as kapok, jasmine, litchi, longan, carambola, betel nut and lotus root. Among them, jasmine, betel nut, lotus root and so on. , more often associated with love, they are affectionate and extremely considerate. In terms of customs at the age of 20, Guangzhou Ci is also reflected from time to time. In addition to the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chinese Valentine's Day, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival, there are also festivals dedicated to the polo birthday of Nanhai Temple (commonly known as Polo Temple), Jinhua birthday of Jinhua Temple and Zhengxian birthday of Zhengxian Temple. These three temples are located in the eastern suburb of Guangzhou, on the south bank of the Pearl River and on Baiyun Mountain. People worship these temples only to pray for many blessings and avoid disasters, which has a strong superstitious color. In Zhi Zhu's Ci, the content of writing D people's D songs is also full of local color. D people (now known as water residents) take boats as their homes, and water houses live along the river. D folk songs, many people like to sing Muyu songs (fishing songs), salty water songs and so on. Muyu book is a Muyu song book with a certain story, and its contents are mostly historical stories and folklore. The lower classes in the old society liked to listen to Muyu books, and they gained something by listening. Guangzhou is famous for its delicious food and is known as "Eating in Guangzhou". Therefore, in Zhi Zhu's Ci, sometimes the contents about restaurants and food are reflected. Unique delicacies, such as insects and sparrows, and the bamboo bridge near famous restaurants can all be seen in Zhi Zhu's Ci. In the first year of Guangxu (1875), there was a poetry collection activity in Guangzhou with the theme of "Zhi Zhu Ci in Yangcheng", with as many as 142 participants and several female authors. 489 songs, which were later compiled into a book, were published by Ma Xiyin Photo Gallery in Guangxu three years. This book has two volumes, many of which are well-structured. The following only talks about the local customs from the above, and extracts some to get a glimpse of the local characteristics of Yangcheng. As Wu Bingnan did, Sophora japonica was planted in Yuewangtai and everywhere.

Where to send lovesickness? Acacia worries about the coming spring. Poetry is a love song, with both scenic place names and plant acacia unique to the south, which has local characteristics. Another example is Liu Yushan's practice: when it rains in Pantang for ten miles, picking lotus leaves scares away Yuanyang.

Lotus roots are far away, but lotus seeds do not return. This song is also a love song. Not only the Pantang, where fruits and vegetables are planted, but also the lotus root, one of the "five shows of Pantang", are pointed out. The words "blossom" and "fruit" have profound meanings. Another example is the signature of the owner's work: Pantangxia plum blossom is red, and thousands of trees and pearls reflect the flowing water.

Enjoy the corner of the pavilion, cicada R lotus wind. This poem is purely about the summer scenery of Pantang. Besides the lotus, I also want to write about the ripe lilies and cicadas, which are unique scenery in the south. Another example is Hu He's works: Upright's spring waves are slight, and the rain is over Jiang Lai.

In the DPRK, shake out the platform of welcoming the Spring in Datong, hehe, learn to carve out the source of the ship. The boats in the bay are singing the songs of the waves.

Flower fields are as light as snow, and flower sellers cross the river. The spray song in the poem is the salty water song. There are many kinds of jasmine in the flower field, which are white at first glance, so there is a saying that flowers shine on people. Huang wrote during Jiaqing and Daoguang years: It is better to plant flowers than melons: wasps seek birds and plant melons hard every year.

I regret not living in Zhuangtou Village. I spent my whole life in clothes, food, shelter and flowers. Zhuangtou village, that is, flower field, takes planting flowers as its business. There are still flower farmers here. Among many Lingnan flowers and trees, red cotton (kapok) is the most distinctive. On the bamboo branch signed by Baiyun Qiao, it reads: Jasmine cockscomb is also a thorn tree, and the flowers and trees of the four seasons are recorded in the south.

On the fire of red cotton, I still see Yanzhou's domineering. The trunk of kapok tree is high standard and blood red, so it is called hero tree. The last two sentences of this poem can quite write the breath of kapok.

D people live on water, so when it comes to D people, most of them can't live without water. As Yu's "Zhi Zhu Ci" says: My concubine lives on the other side of the Pearl River, and her floating family is growing.

Joule was afraid of drowning, so she bought a gourd and tied it around her waist. D People take boats as their home, so in order to save their lives, they tie a gourd around their waist for fear that children will fall into the water. This scene can still be seen at the beginning of liberation. After that, all D people went ashore to live, but the river disappeared. When I write D people, I often bring D songs. For example, a poem written by Zhi Guitang. It is better to take photos of the Pearl River on the moon, and there are several families living in Liu Yin.

There is nothing to push the bill after dinner, and the wooden fish sings on the bow. Wooden fish, that is, wooden fish song. The last two sentences of this poem are full of charm. Another example is Zhang Bancao's poem: the fisherman sings a fishing song to the lantern, and the sand around the inland river.

A-mei's recent interest in salt water tuning makes her sound like kotaro oshio's brother. Salty water tune, namely salty water song. When men and women duet, the hostess carries the word "brother" at the end of the lyrics, which is long and soothing and has a unique charm.

In Yangcheng Zhi Zhu's Ci, there are many praises for Lingnan food customs. For example, the bamboo branch poem signed by Lian Fang's female history: Snails are not as crisp as oysters, and fishing in February is the best.

Fish in winter and dog in summer are delicious several times a year. Guangdong people used to like to eat dog meat in summer solstice and raw fish in winter solstice, so there is a saying that "fish is eaten in winter solstice and dogs are born in summer solstice" The following poem by Wang Zhaoquan is dedicated to eating raw fish: the solstice in winter is the same everywhere, and the fresh fish is close and exquisite.

A glass of hot wine can cool down the cold, just like eating wind in the past. The so-called raw fish refers to cutting the fish into thin slices and dipping them in sauce. Another example is Hu He's Zhi Zhu Ci: wild taro and yam mixed with native potatoes, snails and soft shrimps.

Just look at sparrows, not mackerel in the Pearl River. The poem lists various foods, such as taro, ginger, potatoes, snails, clams, shrimps, etc., with special emphasis on sparrows. Sparrows, a specialty of the Pearl River Delta, appear in large numbers whenever rice blooms, and they are extremely delicious. Besides sparrows, insects are also a unique and beautiful food in Guangdong.

There are many works praising insects in Yangcheng Zhi Zhu's Ci, from which we can see the growth and listing of this southern delicacy. As Ni Hong wrote, the grass is full of green graves, and paper money is flying on poplar branches.

A few cries of grass insects are the time when people's graves are closed. This song is about bugs coming into the market after Qingming Festival. Another example is the work signed by Lian Ge's "Women's History": On the shoulder of the night market worm, Jia Rui still passed on the jade and passed on the snow.

It rains in vain, new rice is ripe, and money rises into nursery rhymes. This song was written in vain. After the rain, the new rice is ripe and the moth is on the market. Another example is what Peng Gancai wrote: Monopterus albus and mullet are full of boats, and R is cooking smoke in the depths of reed flowers.

In the Ming dynasty, there were other insects, and at night, red clouds scattered the blue sky. It says that red clouds appear in the sky at night, and a large number of insects will swim out the next day. As the saying goes, "if you are red, buy bugs." Li Jiyuan's Zhi Zhu Ci also has the same description: plum blossom winds to neem flower winds, jellyfish king melon enters the market.

Laughter means that the sky is red and the clouds are light, and the Ming Dynasty held a meeting to buy insects. Qu Dajun said, "If you get vinegar, you will get white pulp. If the white rice is filtered and steamed into a paste, it will be sweet and beneficial to people and get the essence of rice. " . But since the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in rice fields, grass has been difficult to grow, so it is not easy to eat this delicious food. However, in recent years, artificial breeding can make up for this regret. When it comes to catering industry in "Zhi Zhu Ci in Yangcheng", it is strange that it focuses on restaurants on the south bank of the Pearl River. Here, "singing every night is not inferior to Qinhuai", which is very prosperous. Shuzhu Bridge used to be in Longxi, west of Haikuang Temple Gate, but it no longer exists. Under the bridge is a gushing pearl, which flows northward into the Pearl River. According to "Baiyun Yuexiu Two Mountains", "(Shuzhu) Bridge Restaurant faces the river, with four red windows and berths near the flower boat. The treasure is miscellaneous and fresh, and it goes hand in hand every day. In early summer, there are threes, flounder, horse and Chinese sturgeon. In autumn, pomegranate, rice crab, grass flower and sea carp. When the pan-melon skin boat came back drunk, there were two or three feelings, that is, the Qinhuai waterfront was not designed for beauty. " There is a poem in Zhou: the wine flag is high and I am inclined, and the silver silk and jade chips fly.

Fresh shrimp and fat crabs are rare, and Pearl Bridge is intoxicating. The restaurants around Shuzhuqiao are famous for making seafood, so the poem specially ordered two things: shrimp and crab. Another example is written by Banana House in the Snow:

When cooking fresh, it is said that the beads are washed, and the romantic skirt is not empty.

The best way to cool down is to buy all the fish by the bridge around the stove. This song is about eating hot pot around the stove in winter (Cantonese call it "side stove"). Cantonese hot pot is dominated by fish, so there is a saying that "all fish are bought by the bridge". Zhi Zhu's ci of eating seafood at Shuzhuqiao was first seen in Poems of Willow Branches on the Pearl River written by Li Xialing and Tan Kanghou during Qianlong and Jiaqing years. The poem reads: D female wind catches willow flowers and washes the pearl bridge.

If you want to eat seafood upstairs, try Henan natural tea first. Li Xialing's activities began in the first year of Guangxu and lasted for nearly a hundred years. It can be seen that the restaurants around Shuzhu Bridge have already been prosperous. Another Ni Hong wrote in the Ci of Zhi Zhu, Guangzhou, that people take pole to eat seafood at Shuzhu Bridge: the flower season is like fog and wine, and the tall buildings near the water can attract people.

Get drunk and cross the pearl washing bridge with one pole. Similar descriptions include Chen Tingxuan's "March evening shad mooring on the Pearl Bridge" and Deng Fengshu's "Drunk by the Pearl Bridge, osmanthus fish smells fragrant". Ai Liaing (the wife of Feisheng Pan), a poetess during the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu, had a work in her Su Fei Ji, which was directly named Zhuzhuqiao Ci. The poem reads: seafood loves hometown, and the porcelain basin is cracked and cut into tender ginger.

New green dwarf melon red amaranth, sturgeon is recommended in the spring of Qiaolou. From Qianlong and Jiaqing to Tongzhi and Guangxu, the seafood restaurants along Shuzhu Bridge have been very prosperous. Poets often drink and enjoy the moon here and sing songs. Liang Jiutu's "Twelve Poems Mountain Zhai Conglu" says: "Bamboo Bridge is the south of the bamboo sea, with wine and tea and endless exchanges. On the second floor next to the bridge, it's delicious and delicious, and I'll stay overnight in the town. I'll taste it here with Master Jiefeng, Jixing Xiaolian and Zhuxi Mountain. According to the rhyme, there is a poem in Zhuxi: the wine flag flutters green Jin Yang, and the other shore bids for spring here. Crossing the river in the middle of the night, rowing together, a boat full of bright moon and a boat full of people. The rest of the play is called' Heyi Ship'. " However, after the Republic of China, Zhuzhuqiao Restaurant disappeared in Lu Shizhong's book "Continuing Yangcheng Zhuzhi Ci". "During this period, great changes have taken place. Later, the Pearl River became narrower and narrower, and finally it became a stinking ditch. After liberation, sanitation was carried out, and the ditch was filled up and became a culvert. The scene of "getting drunk by the bridge" no longer exists. There are also many works praising the New Year custom in Yangcheng Zhi Zhu Ci, but the most distinctive one is the one praising the birthdays of Nanhai God and Lady Jinhua. Nanhai Temple is located in the eastern suburb of Guangzhou, commonly known as Polo Temple, so Nanhai Shen Dan is also called Polo Birthday. On God's birthday, the department store was full of people and it was very lively. Some of them went to worship water. For example, in Lin Xiangluan's poem, it is written that the purple cave crosses the river with a good wind, and the tigers in Boluo Temple tide eastward.

On the birthday of King Guangli of the Ming Dynasty, red cotton was very red. Purple hole, the name of the ship; King Guangli is the South China Sea God; There are many tall kapok trees in the temple, so this poem has this chant. During the Daoguang period, Jiang Zhongyu wrote 44 poems on the bamboo branches in Yangcheng, one of which was better than Lin Xiangluan's. The poem says: The name of the pavilion is Sun Baidong Slope, and the maid of honor of Nanhai God has passed.

Five-color paper chicken listed, kapok red refers to Polo. There is a bathing pavilion on the mountain in front of the temple, and Su Dongpo's poems are engraved on the stone tablet in the pavilion. During God's birthday, some villagers sold five-color paper chickens, named Polo Chicken. The kapok trees in Boluo Temple are very old and magnificent, and many people are singing songs about Boluo Temple. On the Jinhua Temple on the south bank of the Pearl River, there is a statue of Shen Gu next to it. When a woman wants to have children, she usually ties red wool to menstruation's arm. In Lin Xiangluan's Zhi Zhu Ci, there is a poem about Jinhua Temple: The life of the D family is all water, but the surviving women have no children.

There is a golden flower temple in Henan, with peach blossoms beside it. The first two sentences of this poem begin with household D, but they violate the old custom of seeking children and want to have children, which is quite innovative. Because the D family is tired of the wandering life of the floating house, in order to marry and live on land, they want to have a daughter, and they want to call it "marrying ashore". Most of the Zhuzhi Ci poems on the birthday of Huaihai Shrine are feudal and superstitious. Although it can also show the characteristics of customs at the age of 20, it is of little significance. When it comes to the local characteristics of Yangcheng Zhi Zhu's Ci, two points are particularly worth mentioning. One is about reciting the Thirteen Sonnets, and the other is about reflecting the modern anti-imperialist struggle. Shisanmu was the center of Guangzhou foreign goods stores in Qing Dynasty, which was once very popular. Zhu Shuxuan's "Zhi Zhu Ci" wrote: When it was imported, it was a combination of Jia Hu, Zibeard and Bimu.

Move foreign goods along the thirteenth line, such as watching Persia enter the treasure map. Foreign trade poems show the special position of Guangzhou's foreign trade. In Zhi Zhu's poems, the thirteenth line was sung as early as the fourth song of Qu Dajun's "Guangzhou to Zhi Zhu": foreign ships compete for officials and businessmen, and the cross door opens two oceans.

Five silks and eight silks and satins are good, and the money is piled up in thirteen rows. Crossgate refers to the cross-shaped waterway in the southwest of Macao, with islands such as Hengqin in the middle. Two oceans refer to the east and the west. It is said in the poem that the silks and satins exported from Guangzhou at that time, through Macao's trade with overseas countries, made the thirteen lines in Guangzhou very prosperous. In the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), the Qing government closed Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian customs, leaving only Guangdong customs. Guangzhou has become the only trading port in China, and the position of the thirteenth bank is even more important, and it has become a privileged place for foreign trade firms under official control. The place name "Thirteen Lines" is quite famous in the modern history of China. During the Opium War, the imperialist aggression aroused the resentment of Guangdong people, and the anti-British struggle of Sanyuanli people showed great patriotism. This spirit is also reflected in Yangcheng Zhi Zhu's ci. Liang's work writes: As soon as the drum flies away, her husband's family is also proud.

I hope Mr. Lang can go straight to Humen East to kill whales with his sword. Zhi Zhu Ci in Yangcheng was written in Guangxu three years, not far from the Opium War, so there is this anti-imperialist content in the book. Zhi Zhu's Ci is good at writing about love between men and women. This poem inserts the words of "killing whales" (that is, destroying invaders) into the feelings of writing, and turns the love affair of children into the passion of killing enemies. It is a rare and precious work in modern Zhi Zhu's ci. Zhi Zhu's ci originated from the folk, with a strong local flavor. He is good at describing the local mountains and rivers, customs and customs, with distinctive local colors, and has preserved many first-hand materials of local chronicles and folklore, which is of high historical value. This paper mainly takes Yangcheng Zhi Zhu's Ci as an example, and briefly discusses the local conditions and customs in Zhi Zhu's Ci. What you see is not wide, and there are many fallacies. I hope it is wise and correct. ) Back to the home page, the city memo is even more revealing. Guangdong is still hot in the Mid-Autumn Festival. You can get a free bicycle map tomorrow. You can be unemployed continuously in six places. 12 months, you can withdraw the provident fund. The price of the National Day island tour rose by 30%. Weibo, a "flying banyan on the stone", became popular. Eighteen Arhats appeared in Xintang, trying to take care of mentally retarded children. Spider-Man came out to welcome the new. Meeting with Guangzhou is a bit "engaging". Stephanie even asked her to "party" in August+01September. A feast of Chinese and foreign dance dramas was held in Guangzhou No.1 Palace. 20 pieces of precious stones "flash" Chaozhou ancient porcelain for the 60th birthday of Heqing Palace are on display in Guangzhou. Copyright: China Guangzhou Net Network Maintenance: Dayang Net.