1945, the world anti-fascist war is coming to an end. In order to save the defeat, the Japanese invaders made a so-called "home-made decisive battle" plan, dispatched troops from southeast China to North China, concentrated their forces and carried out the so-called home-made decisive battle. four

At the beginning of the month, Japanese troops stationed in Hunan mobilized 5 divisions and 3 independent brigades, with about 80,000 people, to make their last visit to Hunan.

It was also the last offensive campaign against China-Zhijiang Campaign (called Xiangxi Campaign or Xuefeng Mountain Campaign in China). The Kuomintang is third,

The fourth aspect and the first part of the sixth war zone, relying on Xuefeng Mountain, resisted one after another, lured the enemy deeper and dealt a devastating blow to the Japanese army. Finally won the battle of Xiangxi.

Direct cause

The Japanese army launched Zhijiang War in the battle of Xiangxi, which was forced to launch an offensive war with no chance of winning under extremely unfavorable circumstances. It launched an attack on Zhijiang, mainly due to the following factors:

First, the Japanese army is increasingly isolated in the Pacific battlefield. 1In the spring of 945, the US military carried out cross-island attacks on the enemy in the Pacific battlefield and gradually approached Japan. 1 in April, the US military landed in the Ryukyu Islands, and the Japanese internal defense line was broken;

The Japanese navy suffered a heavy blow from the American navy, and several troops were wiped out. The maintenance of Japanese maritime traffic is difficult, and the supply of hundreds of thousands of Japanese troops left alone in Indochina Peninsula and Nanyang Islands is about to be interrupted. 1945

In June 65438+10, the allied forces joined forces with the Chinese Expeditionary Force in Myanmar at Mangya. In March, the Chinese Expeditionary Force occupied Los Angeles and joined forces with the British in Qiao Mei.

As a result, the Yunnan-Myanmar Highway was opened, American aid materials were continuously imported into China, and the equipment of the Kuomintang army was updated and its combat effectiveness was enhanced. After the battle of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi, in order to contact the allied forces and curb the Japanese army's westward advance,

Accept the suggestion of the US military and set the headquarters of the Army in Kunming. He He, commander in chief, commanded the southwest troops in a unified way, and used the materials and equipment provided by the United States to prepare for the counterattack.

In this situation, the Japanese army tried to save its ruined national luck, boost morale and improve morale.

On the one hand, trying to adjust the relationship with the Soviet Union; On the other hand, he was prepared to take advantage of the victory of the battle of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi to further attack the third and fourth army defense zones, so there was the battle of Zhijiang.

Second, Xiangxi's increasingly important strategic position. After the battle of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi, due to the northern Hunan, central Hunan,

With the loss of large areas of land in southern Hunan and Guangxi, western Hunan has become the first barrier to prevent the enemy from going deep into and defending the war, and has become the only place for the Chinese and Japanese armies to pass through.

Third, destroy Zhijiang Airport of Kuomintang Air Force. Zhijiang Airport is located one kilometer southeast of Zhijiang County, covering an area of about 2,000 mu. Established in 1936 and 65438+ 10. After Zhijiang Airport was completed,

It has become one of the important rear air bases of the Kuomintang.

The air force system and important organs of the air force have moved to Zhijiang. 1942, the us air force began to station in Zhijiang. 1943, Chennault led the 1st14th Air Force of the US Army into Zhijiang. From 1943 to 1945, the active combat of Zhijiang air force threatened the supply war in the Japanese rear.

It threatens the operations of the Japanese ground forces, the air superiority of the Japanese army, and the Japanese mainland. In order to eliminate this threat, after the Hengyang campaign, the Japanese army deployed an attack on Zhijiang and destroyed the airport. [2]

1from April to June, 1945, in the late period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the 4th and 3rd armies of China and 10 army fought against the 6th Army Command of the Japanese army in Xiangxi. In order to occupy Zhijiang Airport in Hunan and maintain the traffic between Hunan and Guangxi (Changsha-Nanning) and Guangdong and Han (Guangzhou-Wuchang), the Japanese army assembled 7 divisions with about 70,000 people in early April. Under the unified command of Lieutenant General Banxi Yiliang, commander of the 20th Army, he adopted a converging attack strategy and launched an attack on Xiangxi. Under the unified command of the army commander-in-chief, He, the China Army defended the front lines of Xinning, Yiyang and Shaoyang with the fourth army, and fought a decisive battle with the Japanese army between Xinning and Wugang with the main force; 3 rd Army, 27 th Army and 26 th Army defended Longsheng and Chengbu, 27 th Army and 94 th Army advanced to the east of Wugang, and 10 Army advanced to the east of Xinhua. With the newly compiled 6th Army airlifting Zhijiang as the reserve team.

At the beginning of April, the Xiangxi Campaign passed through the 47th and 1 16 divisions of the Japanese army and attacked the 4th Army in four directions. On the 9th, 1 Road launched an attack on Kuroda Store, which was stopped by the 73rd Army one after another and arrived at Yangxi Bridge on the 29th. 12 On June 28th, the 2nd road attacked Jiang in the northwest of Shaoyang, and 100 troops resisted one after another. On the 28th, it advanced to Shangchaping. On the 30th, the Japanese army attacked Xianjiang and other places, and was blocked by the 74th Army. The offensive was frustrated. 1 1 day, Shaoyang attacked Xiaotang on the third road and was blocked by the main force of 100 army. On 16, when attacking baimashan, it was blocked by a unit of 74 army, which entered the cave on 17, and a unit of 100 army struggled to block it, and the offensive was frustrated. 13, the fourth road forced Jiugong Bridge to cross Zishui, captured Yanshanpu and Taohuaping, and arrived at the mouth of the cave on the 26th. After being blocked and attacked by the defenders, its offensive was frustrated. The 68th Division and the 64th Division of the Japanese Army attacked Yiyang and Dacheng Bridge respectively, and were blocked by 18 Army, which became a state of confrontation. In the early days, the main forces of the Japanese 34th Division, 68th Division and 58th Brigade were attacked by Dongan and the whole county. 16, two Japanese troops captured Xinning, and captured its bright on the 22nd. Then one attacked Meijiang and Acorus calamus, and the main attack was Shuidong and Guanxia. After being blocked by the 74th Army, Wuyang and Baijiafang were captured on the 29th, and Wawutang and Shuikou were attacked. At this time, the main force of the 74 th Army counterattacked the Japanese army with the cooperation of the Air Force, giving it a heavy blow. On April 19, the 58th Division of the Japanese Army attacked wheat fields and canyons, and reached the suburb of Wugang on April 27th, where it was stopped by the 74th Army. At this point, the 4 th Army ordered the 8 th Army to go south from Changde; The 27 th Army ordered the main force of the 94 th Army to run from the Hunan-Guizhou border to Wuyang area, ready to attack the Japanese army. Japanese troops invading Dongkou, Xianjiang and Jiangkou launched attacks on the defenders respectively, and suffered heavy casualties after fierce fighting.

On the 8 th, the main force of the 4 th Army, with the cooperation of the Chinese and American air forces, launched a comprehensive counterattack against the Japanese army. 10, the main force of the 74th Army launched an attack to the east of Banjiangfeng, and more than 3,000 Japanese troops retreated to the vicinity of Jinlongzhai, which was intercepted by 18, 74, 73 Army and 13 Division. The Japanese suffered heavy casualties, and its remnants 1 1,000 people broke eastward and were intercepted by the 75438+03 Division. On the 20th, the Japanese army continued to retreat eastward and was chased and intercepted by a unit of the 18 Army, causing many casualties. Shaoyang resumed the pre-war situation. 100 army main force surrounded and attacked in the cave area, and the Japanese army suffered heavy casualties. The remnants of more than 700 people broke through to the southeast near baimashan and were surrounded by defenders. Among them, more than 400 people continued to break through eastward and were all eliminated on 16. The 94th Army attacked the Northeast from its eldest son. After Yang Kewu, it fought fiercely with Japanese reinforcements. The Japanese army was exhausted and retreated to Wugang and Huayuan City. The defenders pursued, intercepted and surrounded Wugang, Gaoshashi, Wawutang and the north of Tea Shop respectively, and all the Japanese troops on this road were annihilated. After the Japanese army of the 26th Army broke through Wushui, they pursued Wugang and Xinning in two ways and recovered Xinning. 16, more than 3000 Japanese troops in the county attacked Xinning and were stopped by the defenders. The 26th Army attacked Wugang, and the garrison attacked the Japanese. After heavy casualties, the Japanese army retreated to the northeast, thus lifting the siege of Wugang. The defenders concentrated on pursuing eastward. In this campaign, China's army turned to the defensive, killing and capturing more than 20,000 Japanese soldiers.